Overview
The Spring Peeper, like other Chorus Frogs , is a small animal attaining an adult length of only a little over an inch long. A characteristic of the Spring Peeper is the dorsal marks that form an X on the back. It usually isn't a perfect X, but some form of it. The general coloration is a variation of brown, gray, or green. Like many of the Chorus Frogs, the Spring Peeper is often heard, but not seen. It gets its name from its from its call , which consists of a single clear note or peep. There are two subspecies of the Spring Peeper; the Northern Spring Peeper, P. c. crucifer, and the Southern Spring Peeper (not shown), P. c. bartramiana. The Southern Spring Peeper is virtually identical to the Northern species, except for the belly, which has strong , dark markings on it. The belly of the N. Spring Peeper is visually plain .
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Southern Spring Peeper, Spring Peeper
Description
Physical Description
Species Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana
Size: A small frog 1.9 - 3.2 cm (3/4 to 1 1/4 in) in length . Color: Its skin ranges from yellow, through olive, gray, and brown. The only obvious distinguishing feature is the dark "X" on its back. Other things to look for: The Spring Peeper has large toe pads .
Habitat
It is found in wooded areas and does well in secondary growth with abundant brushy vegetation. It is found around temporary and permanent ponds , swamps , marshes, and other wetland areas.
Biology
Diet
Eats insects.
Reproduction
Spring Peepers breed from December through April. The female lays up to 900 eggs in shallow water with aquatic vegetation. Eggs hatch in a week or two. Transformation to tiny frogs takes three to four months.
Behavior
This is a nocturnal frog , and one of the first to start calling in the winter.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Amphibia
(
)
- Gray, 1825
- Subclass:
Lissamphibia
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Infraclass:
Lissamphibia
(
)
- Order:
Anura
(
)
- (Fischer von Waldheim, 1813) Gray, 1825
- Suborder:
Neobatrachia
(
)
- Reig, 1958
- Superfamily:
Bufonoidea
(
)
- Family:
Hylidae
(
)
- Rafinesque, 1815
- Subfamily:
Hylinae
(
)
- Genus:
Pseudacris
(
)
- Fitzinger, 1843
- Specific name:
crucifer
- Subspecies:
bartramiana
- Scientific name: - ican Amphibians and Reptiles, Third Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. St. Louis, Missouri, USA. ii-41. ISBN: 0-916984-21-4.
- Conant, R. and J. T. Collins 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amp
- Subspecies:
bartramiana
- Specific name:
crucifer
- Genus:
Pseudacris
(
- Subfamily:
Hylinae
(
- Family:
Hylidae
(
- Superfamily:
Bufonoidea
(
- Suborder:
Neobatrachia
(
- Order:
Anura
(
- Infraclass:
Lissamphibia
(
- Subclass:
Lissamphibia
(
- Class:
Amphibia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Hyla crucifer bartramiana Harper • Hyla crucifer crucifer (Wied-Neuwied
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: June 11, 2001.
Similar Species
The Spring Peeper is easily distinguished by the dark "X" on its back and lack of any additional distinct stripes, spots, or mottled patterns.
Members of the genus Pseudacris
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 30 species and subspecies in this genus:
P. brachyphona (Mountain Chorus Frog) · P. brimleyi (Brimley's Chorus Frog) · P. cadaverina (California Chorus Frog) · P. clarkii (Spotted Chorus Frog) · P. crucifer (Northern Spring Peeper) · P. crucifer bartramiana (Southern Spring Peeper) · P. crucifer crucifer (Northern Spring Peeper) · P. feriarum (Southeastern Chorus Frog) · P. feriarum feriarum (Upland Chorus Frog) · P. feriarum kalmi (New Jersey Chorus Frog) · P. fouquettei (Cajun Chorus Frog) · P. hypochondriaca (Northern Baja California Treefrog) · P. illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. illinoensis illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. kalmi (New Jersey Chorus Frog) · P. maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog) · P. nigrita (Swamp Tree Frog) · P. nigrita nigrita (Southern Chorus Frog) · P. ocularis (Black-Spotted Tree Frog) · P. ornata (Ornate Chorus Frog) · P. regilla (Pacific Chorus Frog) · P. sierra (Sierran Treefrog) · P. streckeri (Strecker's Chorus Frog) · P. streckeri illinoensis (Illinois Chorus Frog) · P. streckeri streckeri (Strecker's Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata (Western Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata feriarum (Striped Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata kalmi (Striped Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog) · P. triseriata triseriata (Western Chorus Frog)
More Info
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- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
- Collins, J. T. 1990. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians and Reptiles, Third Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. St. Louis, Missouri, USA. ii-41. ISBN: 0-916984-21-4.
- Conant, R. and J. T. Collins 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians, Eastern and Central North America, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, Massachusetts. 450.
- Crother, Brian I., Jeff Boundy, Jonathan A. Campbell, et al. / Moriarty, John J., ed. 2000. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Herpetological Circular, no. 29. iv + 82. ISBN: 0-916984-54-0.
- Frost, Darrel R. 1997. Amphibian Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. New York, New York, U.S.A.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2475549
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-207305
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13885923
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 207305
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AAABC05091
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 330
