Pollachius virens

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

An active , gregarious fish occurring inshore and offshore waters .

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -4,869 meters (0 to -15,974 feet).[1]

Biome: Marine .

Biology

Diet

Smaller fish in inshore waters feed on small crustaceans (copepods , amphipods , euphausiids ) and small fish, while larger fish prey predominantly upon fishes .

Migration

Usually enters coastal waters in spring and returns to deeper waters in winter[2].

Sound types : thumps. Sound organ: swim bladder.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Gadus carbonarius Linnaeus • Gadus colinus Lacepède • Gadus purpureus Mitchill • Gadus sey Lacepède • Gadus virens • Gadus virens Linnaeus • Gadus virens Linnaeus, 1758 • Merlangus carbonarius (Linnaeus • Merlangus purpureus (Mitchill • Merlangus virens (Linnaeus • Polachius virens • Polachius virens (Linnaeus • Polachius virens (Linnaeus, 1758) • Pollachius carbonarius (Linnaeus • Pollachius virens

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 29-Apr-1996

Similar Species

Members of the genus Pollachius

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species and subspecies in this genus:

P. pollachius (European Pollock) · P. virens (American Pollack)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• ... Catalogue of the fishes of New York. By Tarleton H. Bean. .. Albany, University of the state of New York, 1903. url p. 693.
• ...Scientific results of the cruises of the yachts "Eagle" and "Ara", 1921-1928, William K. Vanderbilt, commanding. Crustacea... By Lee Boone. Huntington, N. Y., Priv. print. [The Science press printing company, Lancaster, Pa.]1930- url p. 11.
• A biological survey of the waters of Woods Hole and vicinity / By Francis B. Sumner, Raymond C. Osburn, and Leon J. Cole. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1913 url p. 164, p. 582, p. 588, p. 641, p. 642, p. 769, p. 854.
• A checklist of Canadian Atlantic fishes with keys for identification / Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum, 1965 url p. 12.
• A guide book to the marine fishes of Rhode Island. Photos by the author. Watch Hill, R. I., Book and Tackle Shop[1960] url p. 102, p. 35.
• A guide to the study of fishes, by David Starr Jordan. .. New York, H. Holt and Company, 1905. url p. 209.
• A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Report presented at the eighty-ninth annual meeting, Clearwater, Fla., Sept. 16-18, 1959. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960. url p. 22.
• A manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States: including the district north and east of the Ozark mountains, south of the Laurentian hills, north of the southern boundary of Virginia, and east of the Missouri river, inclusive of marine species / Chicago:A. C. McClurg, 1916. url .
• American fishes; a popular treatise upon the game and food fishes of North America, with especial reference to habits and methods of capture, Boston, L. C. Page[c1903]. url .
• American food and game fishes. A popular account of all the species found in America north of the equator, with keys for ready identification, life histories and methods of capture, . by David Starr Jordan...and Barton Warren Evermann...illustrated with colored plates and text drawings, and with photographs from life, by A. Radclyffe Dugmore. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & Co., 1908. url p. 509, p. 564.
• American food and game fishes: A popular account of all the species found in America north of the equator, with keys of ready identification, life histories and methods of capture New York: Doubleday, Page & co., 1902. url , .
• American food and game fishes: a popular account of all the species found in America, north of the equator, with keys for ready identification, life histories and methods of capture, by David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann; with photos. from life by A. Radclyffe Dugmore. New York: Doubleday, Page, 1908, c1902. url p. 564.
• An annotated catalogue of the fishes of Maine. Portland, Me., 1914. url p. 105, p. 110, p. 123, p. 127, p. 128, p. 135, p. 140, p. 144, p. 147, p. 150, p. 153, p. 155, p. 157, p. 162, p. 163, p. 164, p. 179, p. 65.
• An ecological characterization of Coastal Maine (north and east of Cape Elizabeth) / Stewart I. Fefer and Patricia S. Schettig: principal investigators. Newton Corner, Mass.: Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, 1980. url , , , , p. 43.
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 112.
• Annual report / New York State Museum. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, c1904-1920. url p. 693.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 107, p. 108, p. 636, p. 673.
• Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended. .. Washington: G.P.O., 1914-1940. url p. 7, p. 7, p. 8, p. 9.
• Annual report of the Commissioners of Fisheries, Game and Forests of the State of New York. Albany, N.Y.: The Commission, 1896-1900 url p. 246.
• Annual report of the New Jersey State Museum. Trenton, N.J.: MacCrellish & Quigley, url p. 344, p. 373, p. 400.
• Annual report of the New York Zoological Society. New York: New York Zoological Society, 1897- url p. 109, p. 119, p. 131.
• Artificial propagation of marine species. Washington, Gov't print. off., 1904. url p. 224.
• Benthic productivity and marine resources of the Gulf of Maine / Ivar Babb and Michael De Luca, editors. [Rockville, MD] (6010 Executive Blvd., Suite 805, Rockville 20852): U.S. Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Office of Undersea Research, [1988] url p. 211.
• British salt-water fishes, London, Hutchinson, 1904. url .
• Bulletin - New York State Museum. Albany: New York State Education Dept. url p. 693.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url , , p. 20.
• Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. New YorkAmerican Museum of Natural History1881- url p. 371.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 109, p. 14, p. 17, p. 19, p. 21, p. 26.
• Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries. Washington, D.C.: Govt. Print. Off., 1905-1950. url p. 1339, p. 1373, p. 256, p. 396, p. 397, p. 5, p. 538, p. 550, p. 554, p. 562.
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• Fisheries of the United States, 1908. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1911. url p. 313.
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• Fishery bulletin. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, The Service, U.S. Govt Print. Off. url , p. 213, p. 214, p. 259, p. 575.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. url p. 181.
• Fishery statistics of the United States / prepared by Data Management and Statistics Division. Washington, D.C.: Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service: url p. 233, p. 263, p. 275, p. 282, p. 315, p. 322, p. 351, p. 351, p. 400, p. 433, p. 435, p. 442, p. 464, p. 465, p. 470, p. 498, p. 517, p. 554, p. 654, p. 731.
• Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, by Henry B. Bigelow and William C. Schroeder. Washington, United States Government Printing Office, 1953. url , p. 213, p. 214, p. 217, p. 320, p. 338, p. 575.
• Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. By Henry B. Bigelow. .. and William W. Welsh. .. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1925. url p. 397, p. 5, p. 550, p. 562.
• Fishes of the vicinity of New York city, by John Treadwell Nichols, with an introduction by William K. Gregory. New York, Printed at the Museum, 1918. url p. 117.
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• Food habits of some Arctic birds and mammals / by Clarence Cottam and Harold C. Hanson. 20 1938 Chicago, ILL: Field Museum of Natural History, c1938. url p. 414, p. 417, p. 418, p. 421.
• Forest, lake and river; the fishes of New England and eastern Canada / by Frank M. Johnson. Boston: Printed for subscribers [by University press] Cambridge, 1902. url p. 262, p. 363.
• Gadiformes (Treskoobraznye). Translated from Russian [by Walter J. Walters with Vladimir Walters] Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 1962. url , p. 158, p. 160, p. 18, p. 20, p. 281, p. 32, p. 46, p. 47.
• Gas bubble disease: proceedings of a workshop held at Richland, Washington, October 8-9, 1974: cosponsored by Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, and U.S. Atomic Energy Commission / editors, D. H. Fickeisen and M. J. Schneider. Oak Ridge, Tenn.: Technical Information Center, Office of Public Affairs, Energy Research and Development Administration, 1976. url p. 79.
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• International review of the science and practice of agriculture. Rome: International Institute of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Intelligence and Plant Diseases, 1916-1926. url p. 1807.
• List of the specimens of the British animals in the collection of the British museum. London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1845-55. url p. 91.
• Mammals of the Soviet Union / V.G. Heptner, A.A. Nasimovich, and A.G. Bannikov; scientific editor, Robert S. Hoffmann. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, 1988- url p. 730.
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• Marine products of commerce; their acquisition, handling, biological aspects, and the science and techology of their preparation and preservation, by Donald K. Tressler and James McW. Lemon in collaboration with Alexander E. Alexander [and others] New York, Book Division, Reinhold, 1951. url p. 295.
• Memoirs of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Mass.: The Club, 1886- url p. 346.
• Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. Brisbane, Queensland Museum, 1912- url p. 135.
• Monitoring the marine environment of Long Island Sound at Millstone Nuclear Power Station, Waterford, Connecticut: three operational studies, 1986-1987 / [prepared by the Environmental Laboratory staff of Northeast Utilities Service Company]. Waterford, Connecticut: Northeast Utilities, [1988] url p. 265, p. 298.
• Monogenetic trematodes: their systematics and phylogeny / by Boris E. Bychowsky; edited by William J. Hargis, Jr.; translated by Pierre C. Oustinoff. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, c1961. url p. 216, p. 522.
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 112.
• NOAA technical report NMFS SSRF. Seattle, Wash.: National Marine Fisheries Service; url , p. 3, p. 8, p. 9.
• National overview and evolution of NOAA's Estuarine Living Marine Resources (ELMR) Program / David M. Nelson and Mark E. Monaco. Silver Spring. Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, 2000. url p. 17, p. 23, p. 7.
• New Haven Harbor ecological studies summary report, 1970-1977 / prepared for the United Illuminating Company, New Haven, Connecticut by Normandeau Associates, inc., Bedford, New Hampshire; edited by Andrew J. McCusker, Weldon S. Bosworth. Bedford, N.H.: Normandeau, 1979. url p. 13.
• Oceanus. Woods Hole, Mass., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution url p. 14, p. 49.
• Ontogeny and systematics of fishes: based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of Elbert Halvor Ahlstrom / sponsored by the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Dept. of Commerce. [New York?]: American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, c1984. url p. 288, p. 292, p. 294, p. 295.
• Our living oceans: the first annual report on the status of U.S. living marine resources. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1991. url p. 116.
• Pamphlets on forestry. Fish and game. [1900?- url , p. 2534, p. 3307.
• Parasites of fishes of the Woods Hole region. By Edwin Linton. .. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1901. url p. 423, p. 474.
• Plankton of the offshore waters of the Gulf of Maine. By Henry B. Bigelow. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1926. url p. 103, p. 72, p. 76.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url , , , , p. 298, p. 329, p. 329, p. 407, p. 441, p. 517, p. 517, p. 604, p. 613, p. 7.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 167, p. 191, p. 212, p. 260.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url , .
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 1017, p. 136, p. 418, p. 428, p. 574, p. 607, p. 718, p. 93.
• Report of the Bureau of Fisheries / Department of Commerce and Labor. Washington: G.P.O., 1905. url p. 117.
• Report of the Commissioner for. .. / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Washington: G.P.O., 1874-1905. url p. 222, p. 493, p. 668, p. 682, p. 686, p. 918.
• Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries for the fiscal year. .. and special papers Washington: G.P.O., 1906-1914. url p. 10, p. 8, p. 8.
• Report of the Joint commission relative to the preservation of the fisheries in waters contiguous to Canada and the United States (submitted Dec. 31, 1896) [Ottawa?: s.n.], 1897 url .
• Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries for the fiscal year. .. with appendixes Washington: G.P.O., 1914- url , p. 1061, p. 197, p. 209, p. 226, p. 274, p. 326, p. 342, p. 344, p. 351, p. 367, p. 403, p. 431, p. 444, p. 457, p. 463, p. 463, p. 533, p. 558, p. 630, p. 66, p. 686, p. 7, p. 8, p. 8, p. 8.
• Sand dunes and salt marshes / by Charles Wendell Townsend. Boston: L.C. Page & company, c1925. url p. 308.
• Sand dunes and salt marshes, Boston, D. Estes & company[c1913] url .
• Science. New York, N.Y.: [s.n.]1880- url p. 248, p. 485.
• Seasonal distribution of the plankton of the Woods Hole region. Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O, 1925. url p. 172.
• Soft-rayed Bony fishes: class Osteichthyes, order Acipenseroidei, order Lepisostei, order Isospondyli, suborder Elopoidea, suborder Clupeoidea, suborder Salmonoidea / Henry B. Bigelow. .. [et al.]. New Haven, Conn.: Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, 1963. url p. 624.
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Notes

Contributors

• American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• FishBase. Release date: January 5, 2010
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 17, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 31 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MCZ Fish Collection
• Royal Ontario Museum, Fish specimens
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Swedish Board of Fisheries
• - Institute of Coastal Research
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Marine Conservation Society - Seasearch Marine Surveys

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 135758
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-23728
• Fishbase Species ID: 1343
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2279155
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 164727
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCMA12010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 121245

Footnotes

1. Mean = -156.300 meters (-512.795 feet), Standard Deviation = 339.450 based on 9,360 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.