Common Names
Common Names in English:
Taxiles Skipper
Description
Subfamily Hesperiinae
The grass skippers are members of the Family Hesperiidae. Distributed worldwide, they comprise more than 2,000 species, most of which are found in the American tropics. The small to medium-sized adults usually have abruptly angled antennae with an apiculus at the tip . Adults of many temperate species are predominantly orange, while brown is the most common color of the tropical species. Male forewings usually have a brand or stigma with specialized scales . Most species have long proboscises and are avid flower-visitors. Adults flight is rapid, and perching posture is unique: the hindwings are opened at a wider angle than the forewings. Males of most species perch while looking for mates. Caterpillars feed on monocotyledons (grasses and allied plants ) and live in silken leaf nests that sometimes extend underground. Grass skippers typically overwinter as caterpillars within their shelters .
Physical Description
Color:
Male narrow black borders ; underside of forewing with slightly darkened tip and outer margin ; underside of hindwing with darkened base and outer margin. Female: Upperside is dark orange-brown with pale orange patches on the forewing and central hindwing. Underside of hindwing is violet-brown with a pale band of spots and a patch of gray scales near the outer margin.
Size/Age/Growth
Wing span : 1 1/4 - 1 11/16 inches (3.2 - 4.3 cm).
Habitat
Woodland openings, stream valleys, forest meadows.
Biology
Diet
Caterpillar hosts: Grasses including bluegrass (Poa), wheatgrass (Agropyron), orchardgrass (Dactylis), wildrye (Elymus), and bentgrass (Agrostis). Adult food: Flower nectar.
Reproduction
Males perch in sunlit openings on leaves about 3-5 feet above the ground . They appear to defend their territory and may keep a perch for as long as a week. Courtship usually occurs in the afternoon. Females lay eggs singly under the host leaves. Caterpillars feed on leaves and make shelters of silk-tied leaves.
Behavior
Flight: One brood from mid-June to August.
Taxonomy
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- animals
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
)
- arthropods
- Class:
Insecta
(
)
- Insects
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
)
- Butterflies, Moths
- Family:
Hesperioidea
(
)
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
)
- Grass Skippers
- Genus:
Poanes
(
)
- Scudder
- Specific name:
taxiles
- Edwards 1881
- Scientific name: - Poanes taxiles Edwards 1881
- Specific name:
taxiles
- Edwards 1881
- Genus:
Poanes
(
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
- Family:
Hesperioidea
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Class:
Insecta
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Poanes taxiles (Edwards 1881)
- Poanes taxiles (Edwards)
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Poanes
There are approximately 38 species in this genus:
P. aaroni (Aaron's Skipper) · P. aaroni aaroni (Aaron's Skipper) · P. aaroni howardi (Howard's Skipper) · P. alfaratta · P. azin · P. baiva · P. benito · P. erratica · P. friedlei · P. hermocki · P. hobomok · P. hobomok hobomok (Hobomok Skipper) · P. hobomok wetona (Hobomok Skipper) · P. howardi · P. hughi · P. inimica · P. lupulina · P. massasoit · P. massasoit chermocki (Chermock's Mulberry Wing) · P. melane (Umber Skipper) · P. ogeechensis · P. pallida · P. piso · P. pocahontas · P. psaumis · P. quadaquina · P. richteri · P. ridingsii · P. rolla · P. suffusa · P. taxiles (Taxiles Skipper) · P. viator (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. viator viator (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. viator zizaniae (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. yehl (Yehl Skipper) · P. zabulon (Zabulon Golden Skipper) · P. zachaeus · P. zizaniae
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 11, 2006.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 26, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.
- Opler, Paul A., Harry Pavulaan, Ray E. Stanford, Michael Pogue, coordinators. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Mountain Prairie Information Node. March 26, 2007.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 26, 2008:
- Illinois Natural History Survey
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2602501
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Lep-186787.0
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: IILEP73040
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 171654
