Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Yehl Skipper
Description
Family Hesperiidae
'The Hesperiidae are members
of the Superfamily
Hesperioidea. Worldwide in distribution, skippers are richest in the tropics. More than 3,500 species are described, with approximately 275 in North America, many of which are found only in Arizona and Texas. Most skippers are small to medium, usually orange, brown, black, white, or gray. A few have iridescent
colors. Skippers have large eyes, short antennae (often with hooked
clubs), stout bodies, and three pairs of walking legs
. Their flight is often rapid, making wing
movement appear blurred. Adults
of most species have long probicscises and feed
on floral
nectar, but some also take up nutrients
from bird droppings. Males have scent scales
found in modified forewing
patches. Males of most species locate mates by perching
(grass
and giant-skippers), though some patrol, especially in the open-winged skippers. Globular
eggs
are laid singly.
'[1]
Subfamily Hesperiinae
The grass skippers are members of the Family Hesperiidae. Distributed worldwide, they comprise more than 2,000 species, most of which are found in the American tropics. The small to medium-sized adults usually have abruptly angled antennae with an apiculus at the tip . Adults of many temperate species are predominantly orange, while brown is the most common color of the tropical species. Male forewings usually have a brand or stigma with specialized scales . Most species have long proboscises and are avid flower-visitors. Adults flight is rapid, and perching posture is unique: the hindwings are opened at a wider angle than the forewings. Males of most species perch while looking for mates. Caterpillars feed on monocotyledons (grasses and allied plants ) and live in silken leaf nests that sometimes extend underground. Grass skippers typically overwinter as caterpillars within their shelters .[2]
Physical Description
Species Poanes yehl
Upperside is bright orange with wide dark borders ; male forewing has a distinct linear stigma. Underside of hindwing is dark brown (female) or orange (males); both with 3-5 pale median spots. (ref. 105089)
Color:
Upperside is bright orange with wide dark borders ; male forewing has a distinct linear stigma. Underside of hindwing is dark brown (female) or orange (males); both with 3-5 pale median spots.
Size/Age/Growth
Wing span : 1 5/16 - 1 3/4 inches (3.4 - 4.5 cm).
Habitat
Clearings in wet or swampy woodlands.
This is supposedly a wetland species, though it is often found several
hundred
yards
from wet places. It is typically found along edges
of swamps
or other wet woods
, along trails
or dirt roads through
such woods, ditches, savannas
, and edges of marshes. It is not a
marsh
species, and it favors partly shaded places. However, many
adults
nectar on flowers hundreds of yards from wetlands, such as
in dry longleaf pinewoods
. If the foodplant is cane
or some other
wetland species, the adults certainly wander well away from such
areas. (ref. 104735)
Biology
Diet
Caterpillar hosts: Probably cane
(Arundinaria species). Adult
food: Nectar from flowers including sweet pepperbush, chinquapin,
pickerelweed, and swamp
milkweed.
Cane (Arundinaria) is supposedly the (sole?) foodplant, but it does
not seem to be the foodplant in NC. Rather, some other grasses are
likely. There is no affinity between Yehl Skippers and cane stands
in NC, especially in the fall
. It nectars on many plants
of wetlands,
such as pickerelweed and swamp milkweed. The second brood, and perhaps
the first also, often nectars on blazing-star (Liatris) and other
upland
composites
. (ref. 104735)
Reproduction
To await females, males perch about 3 feet above the ground on sunlit vegetation.
Behavior
Flight: Two broods from late May to mid-June and from mid-August
to mid-November.
Flight period: Two broods, at least in the Coastal Plain
; the first
brood is from mid-May to mid-July, but June is the primary
month.
The second brood, clearly larger than the first, is generally from
early September (rarely in August) to mid-October. The small Piedmont
population has essentially just one brood (in fall
), or records
may
represent mostly strays from the adjacent
Coastal Plain; however,
a few records from mid-June to early July hint at a tiny first brood.
(ref. 104735)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
)
- A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
)
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
)
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
)
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
)
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
)
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
)
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
)
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
)
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
)
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
)
- Family:
Hesperiidae
(
)
- Latreille, 1809
- Skippers
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
)
- Grass Skippers
- Genus:
Poanes
(
)
- Scudder, 1872
- Specific name:
yehl
- Skinner 1893
- Scientific name: - Poanes yehl Skinner 1893
- Specific name:
yehl
- Skinner 1893
- Genus:
Poanes
(
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
- Family:
Hesperiidae
(
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Poanes
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 15 species and subspecies in this genus:
P. aaroni (Aaron's Skipper) · P. aaroni aaroni (Aaron's Skipper) · P. aaroni howardi (Howard's Skipper) · P. hobomok (Hobomok Skipper) · P. hobomok hobomok (Hobomok Skipper) · P. hobomok wetona (Hobomok Skipper) · P. massasoit (Mulberry Wing) · P. massasoit chermocki (Chermock's Mulberry Wing) · P. melane (Umber Skipper) · P. taxiles (Taxiles Skipper) · P. viator (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. viator viator (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. viator zizaniae (Broad-Winged Skipper) · P. yehl (Yehl Skipper) · P. zabulon (Zabulon Golden Skipper)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Bibliography (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) / Charles A. Bridges. Urbana, Ill.: C.A. Bridges, c1993. url p. 87.
- Entomological news. [Philadelphia]American Entomological Society, 1925- url p. 4.
- Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url p. 187, p. 187, p. 86, p. 86.
- Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 90.
- Studies in natural history. Iowa City, Ia. url p. 88.
- The Hesperioidea of America north of Mexico; a generic revision and synopsis of the species, by Arthur Ward Lindsey, Ph.D. Iowa City, The University, [1921] url p. 88.
- Tulane studies in zoology. 6 1958 New Orleans: Tulane University, 1953-1968. url p. 109, p. 71, p. 96.
- University of Iowa studies in natural history. Iowa City, Iowa: The University, 1918-1948. url .
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
- Butterflies of North Carolina
- LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
- Opler, Paul A., Harry Pavulaan, Ray E. Stanford, Michael Pogue, coordinators. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Mountain Prairie Information Node. March 26, 2007.
- Opler, Paul A., Kelly Lotts, and Thomas Naberhaus, coordinators. 2009. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Big Sky Institute. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/ (Version of April 17, 2009).
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2602503
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Lep-186791.0
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: IILEP73060
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 171658
