Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Catalan:
Palaia Anglesa
Common Names in Croatian:
Iverak Zlatopjeg
Common Names in Danish:
Rødspætte, Rdsptte
Common Names in Dutch:
Schol
Common Names in English:
Carrelet, European Plaice, Flatfish, Fluke, Hen Fish, Plaice, Plaice-Fluke
Common Names in Faroese:
Reyðsprøka, Reysprka
Common Names in Finnish:
Punakampela
Common Names in French:
Carrelet, Plie, Plie Commune, Plie D'europe
Common Names in Gaelic, Iris:
An Leathg Bhallach
Common Names in Gaelic, Irish:
An Leathóg Bhallach, Leathóg
Common Names in German:
Goldbutt, Scholle, Schullen
Common Names in Greek:
Φασί Aτλαντικού, Fasi Atlantikou, Gloss-Chomatda, Glosski-Chomatida, Glossá-Chomatída, Glossáki-Chomatida, Φασί Aτλαντικού
Common Names in Greek, Modern (1453):
⏠ασί Ατλαντικού, Fasi Atlantikou, Glossá-ChomatÌda, Glossá-Chomatída, Glossáki-Chomatida
Common Names in Icelandic:
Skarkoli
Common Names in Irish:
An Leathóg Bhallach, Leathóg
Common Names in Italian:
Passera, Passera Di Mare, Platessa, Solla
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
扁海鰈, 鰈, 鰈, 鲽, 扁海鰈, 扁海鲽
Common Names in Manx:
Liehbage Spottagh
Common Names in Norwegian:
Gullflyndre, Rødspette, Rdspette
Common Names in Polish:
Gladzica
Common Names in Portuguese:
Solha
Common Names in Russian:
морская камбала, морская камбала
Common Names in Serbian:
Iverak
Common Names in Slovene:
Morska Ploèa, Morska Plošèa, Morska Ploa
Common Names in Slovenian:
Morska Plo˚èa
Common Names in Spanish:
Solla, Solla Europa, Solla Europea
Common Names in Swedish:
Rödspätta, Rödspotta, Rdspotta, Rdsptta, Skålla, Sklla, Spätta, Sptta
Common Names in Turkish:
Beneklipisi Baligi, Pisi Baligi
Description
Family Pleuronectidae
Chiefly marine ; occasionally brackish ; rare in freshwater . Distribution: Arctic , Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Both eyes normally on the right side. Preoperculum with a free margin . Fins without spines. Dorsal fin extends on head . Swimbladder absent in adults . The pigmented side is capable of remarable color changes in order to match the bottom . Predators of benthic invertebrates and fishes . Pelagic spawners. Eggs without oil globule in yolk . Benthic, from a few to more than 1,000 m. Almost all species important to fisheries. Cooper and Chapleau (1998; Ref. 30193) exclude the subfamilies Poecilopsettinae, Rhombosoleinae, and Paralichthodinae.The family Pleuronectidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Pleuronectiformes. It contains 39 genera and 93 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish, and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is anguilliform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. Etymology of this family name : Greek, pleura = side, ribe + Greek, nekton = swimmer
Habitat
Lives on mixed bottoms , the older the deeper the occurrence. Small individuals are usually seen on bathing beaches (Ref. 9988). Reported to be a resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612).
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,361 meters (0 to 4,465 feet).Mean = 12.980 meters (42.585 feet), Standard Deviation = 95.230 based on 5,285 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Biome: Brackish water, saltwater . Demersal .
Biology
Diet
Feeds mainly on thin-shelled mollusks and polychaetes .
Migration
Stationary for long periods, tagging experiments have shown that their spawning migrations can be long.
Behavior
Active at night in the very shallow water while day time is spent buried in the sand .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Bony Fishes
- Class:
Actinopterygii
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Ray-Finned Fishes
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
)
- Ray-Finned Fishes
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
)
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
)
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
)
- Order:
Pleuronectiformes
(
)
- Suborder:
Pleuronectoidei
(
)
-
- Family:
Pleuronectidae
(
)
- Righteye Flounders
- Subfamily:
Pleuronectinae
(
)
- Genus:
Pleuronectes
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Specific name:
platessa
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Scientific name: - Pleuronectes platessa Linnaeus, 1758
- Specific name:
platessa
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Genus:
Pleuronectes
(
- Subfamily:
Pleuronectinae
(
- Family:
Pleuronectidae
(
- Suborder:
Pleuronectoidei
(
- Order:
Pleuronectiformes
(
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Actinopterygii
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Platessa latus Cuvier, 1829
- Platessa platessa (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Platessa vulgaris Cloquet, 1826
- Pleuronectes borealis Faber, 1828
- Pleuronectes latus Cuvier, 1829
- Pleuronectes platessa Linnaeus, 1758
- Pleuronectes platessa subsp. baltica Nilsson, 1855
- Pleuronectes platessus Linnaeus, 1758
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Group expert : Amaoka K ., Data last modified by FishBase 24-Nov-1995
Similar Species
Members of the genus Pleuronectes
There are approximately 34 species in this genus:
P. asper (Yellowfin Sole) · P. angustirostris · P. aspera · P. asperrimus · Lepidopsetta bilineata · P. decurrens · P. fenginea · P. ferrugineus · P. ferugineus · P. flessus italicus · P. flesus albino · P. flesus baltica · P. flesus caninensis · P. flesus leiurus · P. flesus luscus · P. flesus septentrionalis · P. flesus trachurus · P. glaber · P. glacialis caninensis · Arnoglossus thori · P. italiens · P. laevigatus · P. limanda · Bothus podas · P. mascinus · P. megastoma · P. moseri · P. pacificus · P. pallasi · P. platessa (European Plaice) · P. platessa baltica · P. plattessa · P. quadrituberculatus (Alaska Plaice) · P. zachirus
Bibliography
- Anon. (1999). Systematic list of Estonian fishes. World Wide Web Electronic Publication, 14 January 2000.
- Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman and N.S. Jones (1963). Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Memoir No. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool.
- Cooper, J. Andrew, and François Chapleau 1998. Monophyly and intrarelationships of the family Pleuronectidae (Pleuronectiformes), with a revised classification. Fishery Bulletin, vol. 96, no. 4. 686-726.
- David Nicolson - ITIS Data Development Coordinator: Eschmeyer (online Catalog of Fishes, 2002) notes that "Although Pleuronectes is masculine, platessa does not decline"
- Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, USA. 2905. ISBN: 0-940228-47-5.
- Jonsson, G. (1992). Islenskir fiskar. Fiolvi, Reykjavik, 568 pp.
- Koli, L. (1990). Suomen kalat. [Fishes of Finland] Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (in Finnish).
- Laffaille, P., E. Feunteun and J.C. Lefeuvre (2000). Composition of fish communities in a European macrotidal salt marsh (the Mont Saint-Michel Bay, France). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 51(4):429-438.
- Marceta, B. (1999). Check-list of the fishes of the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea) In prep. Provided on spreadsheet to FishBase (19 Jan 1999)
- Muus, B. and P. Dahlström (1978). Meeresfische der Ostsee, der Nordsee, des Atlantiks. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 244 p.
- Muus, B., F. Salomonsen and C. Vibe (1990). Grønlands fauna (Fisk, Fugle, Pattedyr). Gyldendalske Boghandel, Nordisk Forlag A/S København, 464 p. (in Danish).
- Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlstrøm (1989). Havfisk og Fiskeri i Nordvesteuropa. GEC Gads Forlag, København, 244 p. (in Danish).
- Nielsen, J.G. (1986). Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3.
- Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1991. World Fishes Important to North Americans Exclusive of Species from the Continental Waters of the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 21. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 243. ISBN: 0-913235-54-7.
- Shiino, Sueo M. 1976. List of Common Names of Fishes of the World, Those Prevailing among English-speaking Nations. Science Report of Shima Marineland, no. 4. Shima Marineland. Kashikojima, Shima, Mie, Japan. 262.
- Titiati, E.K. 1970 Some common names of fresh-water fishes of Ghana in Latin, English, Ewe and Ga-adangbe. Unpubl. Manuscript Fisheries Dept., Volta Lake Research Project, 5 p.
- Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin and H. Jespersen (2000). Checklist and status of fish species in the Baltic Sea. ICES CM 2000/Mini:11, 15 p.
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- FishBase 2006.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 08, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:
- The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Niv
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Swedish Board of Fisheries
- - Institute of Coastal Research
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Swedish Board of Fisheries
- - Swedish Electrofishing Registry
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Marine Biological Association - Marine survey data
- held by MarLIN.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2527092
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-30498
- Fishbase Species ID: 1342
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13542935
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 172902
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 121100
