Overview
Family : Minnows or carps ; Gregarious (Ref. 2196). Lives in cold, running or still, yet well oxygenated, waters (Ref. 9696) over gravel substrate. Feeds on algae, plant debris (in rivers ), mollusks, crustaceans and insects (Ref. 30578). Migrates upstream for spawning in shallow gravel areas. Important laboratory fish, for research on sensory organs of fishes . Mean maximum age is 6 years (Ref. 41616).
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Albanian:
Skort Pellgjesh
Common Names in Bulgarian:
Leshanka
Common Names in Czech:
Cerebla, Ostroretka Strevlovitá, Ostroretka Střevlovitá, Strebla, Strelice, Strelicka, Strevle Obecn, Strevle Potocn, Strevlec, Strevlicka
Common Names in Danish:
Almindelig Elritse, Elrits, Elritse, Elritsenæsling, Europisk Elritse
Common Names in Dutch:
Ellerling, Elrijtssneep, Elrits
Common Names in English:
Common Minnow, Eurasian Minnow, European Minnow, Minnow, Minnow-Nase, Pink, Zaisan Minnow
Common Names in Finnish:
Mutu, Pikkusuomunokkasärki
Common Names in French:
Amarante, Arlequin, Charbonnier, Cippa, Cuzeau, Garlesco, Gendarme, Grisette, Nase-Vairon, Petit Blanc, Sprille, Vairon, Veirou, Verdou, Vricle, Vron, Voiron
Common Names in Gaelic, Irish:
Libin
Common Names in German:
Balte, Bambel, Bambeli, Bammeli, Bampel, Bitterziimpelchen, Blitterfischl, Blutelritze, Brunnenpfrill, Brutt, Budd, Burli, Buthe, Butt, Elderitz, Ellering, Ellritzeritze, Elritze, Elritzen-Näsling, Elritzennäsling, Eltrschl, Erleress, Erling, Gefrille, Gievchen, Grimpel, Grmpel, Grmperl, Haberfischl, Hunderttausendfischl, Maipiere, Mallfot, Mazelung, Miling, Mollinger, Moosbutzli, Mudd, Mutterlose, Pfelle, Pfrille, Pfrull, Piek, Piere, Pierling, Riedlingehen, Rmpahen, Rmpchen, Spierling, Sunnfischl, Weiling, Wettling, Wibling, Zaukerl, Zorscheli
Common Names in Greek:
Κοκκινόγαστρος, Kokkinogastros
Common Names in Hungarian (M:
Frge Cselle
Common Names in Hungarian (Magyar):
Frge Cselle
Common Names in Italian:
Lasca, Sanguinerola
Common Names in Macedonian:
Zlatica
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
真鱥, 科爾芝克鱥, 西氏鱥, 阿爾塔鱥, 多鱗軟口魚, 多鳞软口鱼
Common Names in Norwegian:
Orekyte, rekyt
Common Names in Polish:
Strzebla Potokowa, Swinka Bosniacka, Świnka Bośniacka
Common Names in Portuguese:
Boga Da Jugoslávia, Peixinho De Engodo
Common Names in Rumanian:
Boet, Boiste, Boistean, Boisca, Boiştean, Verdete, Verzisoara, Boet, Boisca, Boiste, Boistean, Craesc, Craet, Crai, Scrofita, Verdete, Verzisoara
Common Names in Russian:
гольян речной, обыкновенный гольян, речной гольян, Gol´yan, Gol´yan-Krasavka, Gol'yan, Gol'yan-Krasavka, Goljan, Golyan Obyknovennyi, Zaisanskii Gol´yan, Zaisanskii Gol'yan
Common Names in Serbian:
Gagica, Podbila
Common Names in Slovak:
Cerebla Obycajn
Common Names in Slovene:
Pisanec
Common Names in Spanish:
Chipa, Foxino Comn, Pescardo, Piscardo
Common Names in Swedish:
Elritsa, Kvidd, ling
Description
Family Cyprinidae
Distribution: North America (northern Canada to southern Mexico), Africa, and Eurasia . Pharynx with 1-3 rows of teeth, each row with a maximum of 8 teeth. Usually thin lips , plicae or papillae absent; mouth sometimes suckerlike (Garra and Labeo). With or without barbels . Premaxilla usually borders the upper jaw making the maxilla entirely or almost entirely excluded from the gape. Usually protrusible upper jaw. Dorsal fin with spinelike rays in some. Primitive number of chromosomes 2n=50, some with 48; polyploidy exists. Maximum length at least 2.5 m to probably 3 m in Catlocarpio siamensis; many species less than 5 cm. Mainly non-guarders, but in some species males build nests and/or protect the eggs .The family Cyprinidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes ) and the Order Cypriniformes. It contains 210 genera and 2010 species. It may be found in Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Primary freshwater. Many members of this family are used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is subcarangiform. Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 70° n to 34° s and 150° w to 170° e. Etymology of this family name : Greek, kyprinos = goldfish .
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,569 meters (0 to 8,428 feet).Mean = 172.450 meters (565.781 feet), Standard Deviation = 183.440 based on 14,690 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Biome: Fresh water , brackish water. Demersal .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Bony Fishes
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Bony Fishes
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
)
- Ray-Finned Fishes
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
)
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
)
- Order:
Cypriniformes
(
)
- Family:
Cyprinidae
(
)
- Minnows and Carps
- Subfamily:
Leuciscinae
(
)
- Genus:
Phoxinus
(
)
- Linnaeus
- Specific name:
phoxinus
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Scientific name: - Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Specific name:
phoxinus
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Genus:
Phoxinus
(
- Subfamily:
Leuciscinae
(
- Family:
Cyprinidae
(
- Order:
Cypriniformes
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Cyprinus aphya Linnaeus, 1758
- Cyprinus chrysoprasius Pallas, 1814
- Cyprinus isetensis Georgi, 1775
- Cyprinus lumaireul Schinz, 1840
- Cyprinus morella Leske, 1774
- Cyprinus phoxinus Linnaeus, 1758
- Cyprinus rivularis (Pallas, 1773)
- Leuciscus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Phoxinus csikii Hank, 1922
- Phoxinus czekanowskii subsp. sedelnikowi Berg, 1908
- Phoxinus laevis Fitzinger, 1832
- Phoxinus laevis subsp. balchaschana Kessler, 1879
- Phoxinus laevis subsp. mikrosquamatus Kashchenko, 1899
- Phoxinus laevis subsp. ujmonensis Kashchenko, 1899
- Phoxinus lagowskii subsp. sedelnikowi Berg, 1908
- Phoxinus marsilii Heckel, 1836
- Phoxinus phoxinus subsp. carpathicus Popescu-Gorj & Dumitriu, 1950
- Phoxinus phoxinus subsp. colchicus Berg, 1910
- Phoxinus phoxinus subsp. phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Phoxinus phoxinus subsp. strandjae Drensky, 1926
- Phoxinus phoxinus subsp. ujmonensis Kashchenko, 1899
- Phoxinus rivularis (Pallas, 1773)
- Phoxinus saposchnikowi Kashchenko, 1899
- Phoxinus sedelnikowi Berg, 1908
- Phoxinus varius Perty, 1832
- Phoxynus montanus Ogrien, 1863
- Salmo rivularis Pallas, 1773
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 08-Sep-1994
Similar Species
Members of the genus Phoxinus
There are approximately 62 species in this genus:
P. eos · P. aphya · P. brachyurus (Seven River's Minnow) · P. colchicus · P. cumberlandensis (Blackside Dace) · P. czekanowskii (Chekanovski's Minnow) · P. czekanowskii czekanowskii (Czekanowski's Minnow) · P. czekanowskii czerskii · P. czekanowskii ignatowi (Ignatov's Minnow) · P. czekanowskii posnaniensis · P. czekanowskii sedelnikowi · P. czekanowskii suifunensis (Suifun Minnow) · P. eos (Northern Redbelly Dace) · P. eos x · P. erythrogaster (Southern Redbelly Dace) · P. erythrogaster hybrid · P. grumi · P. hybrid · P. intergrade · P. issykkulensis (Issyk-Kul Minnow) · P. keumkang · P. kumgangensis · P. laevis balchaschana · P. laevis mikrosquamatus · P. laevis ujmonensis · P. lagowski · P. lagowski steindachneri · P. lagowskii (Amur Minnow) · P. lagowskii chorensis · P. lagowskii lagowskii · P. lagowskii oxycephalus · P. lagowskii sedelnikowi · P. lagowskii steindachneri · P. lagowskii variegatus · P. logowskii · P. neogaeus (Bronze Minnow) · P. neogalus · P. oreas (Mountain Redbelly Dace) · P. oxycephalus (Chinese Minnow) · P. oxycephalus jouyi · P. oxyrhynchus · P. percnurus (Lake Minnow) · P. percnurus gdaniensis · P. percnurus mantschuricus · P. percnurus sachalinensis · P. percnurus suifunensis · P. percrurus · P. perenurus dauricus · P. perenurus mantschuricus · P. phoxinus (Common Minnow) · P. phoxinus carpathicus · P. phoxinus colchicus · P. phoxinus phoxinus · P. phoxinus strandjae · P. phoxinus ujmonensis · P. saylori (Laurel Dace) · P. semotilus · P. septentrionalis · P. spp · P. tchangi · P. tennesseensis (Tennessee Dace) · P. x
Bibliography
- Anon. (1999). Systematic list of Estonian fishes. World Wide Web Electronic Publication, 14 January 2000.
- Blanc, M., J.L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu and J.C. Hureau (1971). European inland water fish: a multilingual catalogue. Fishing News (Books) Ltd. London.
- Bogutskaya, N.G. (1997). Contribution to the knowledge of leuciscine fishes of Asia Minor. Part 2. An annotated check-list of leuciscine fishes (Leuciscinae, Cyprinidae) of Turkey with descriptions of a new species and two new subspecies. Mitt. Hamb.
- Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, USA. 2905. ISBN: 0-940228-47-5.
- Gerstmeier, R. and T. Romig (1998). Die Süßwasserfische Europas: für Naturfreunde und Angler. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany. 368 p.
- Kamilov, G. and Zh.U. Urchinov (1995). Fish and fisheries in Uzbekistan under the impact of irrigated agriculture. p. 10-41 In T. Petr (ed.) Inland fisheries under the impact of irrigated agriculture: Central Asia. FAO Fisheries Circular No. 894.
- Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coord.) (2001). Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Patrimoines naturels, 47: 387 p. Paris: MNHN.
- Koli, L. (1990). Suomen kalat. [Fishes of Finland] Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (in Finnish).
- Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell (1992). Freshwater fishes of the British Isles. HarperCollins Publishers, London.368 p.
- Movchan Yu. V. and A.I. Smirnov (1981). Fauna of Ukraine. Fishes. Cyprinid Fishes (Roach, dace, minnow, rudd, grass carp, asp, verchovka, tench, undermouth, gudgeon, barbel). (Fauna Ukrainy. Ryby. Koropovi (Plitka, yalets, golijan, krasnopirka, amur, bily
- Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström (1968). Süßwasserfische. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 224 p.
- Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov (1997). An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736.
- Riehl, R., and H. A. Baensch 1989. Aquarium Atlas. Hans A. Baensch. Melle, Germany. 992. ISBN: 3-88244-050-3.
More Info
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- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- FishBase 2006.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 21 providers.
- Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:
- Royal Ontario Museum, Fish specimens
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Biological Records Centre - Database for the Atlas of Freshwater Fishes
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Highland Biological Recording Group - HBRG Fish and Herptiles dataset
- University of Navarra, Museum of Zoology, Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2490100
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-25239
- Fishbase Species ID: 4661
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13543172
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 163596
- IUCN ID: 17067
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 9663
