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Percina phoxocephala

(slenderhead darter)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Danish:

Slankhovedet smutte

Common Names in English:

slenderhead darter

Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:

細首小鱸, 细首小鲈

Description

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Physical Description

Species Percina phoxocephala

Body: Mouth and snout: Mouth slightly subterminal , horizontal, minute teeth on jaws . No barbels . Body patterning, color, and scales : Back olive, brown, or tan with small dark blotches or saddles . Sides lighter colored with 10-16 dark blotches or irregular vertical bars . Belly cream or tan. Second dorsal and caudal fins lightly barred, other fins lightly pigmented or clear. 65-71 ctenoid lateral scales. Body shape and size: Body fusiform to cylindrical and elongated; round to oval in cross section . Typically 60-75 mm (2.5-3 in) TL ; maximum in Wisconsin about 85 mm (3.5 in).

Fins: Tail, dorsal and other fins: Square to slightly forked tail. Dorsal fin with 2 lobes , distinctly separate, the first with 12-13 (usually 12) spines and the second with 12-14 (usually 14) rays. Pelvic fins thoracic . Adipose fin absent. Anal fin with 2 spines and 9-10 rays.

Distinguishing characteristics: The slenderhead darter can be distinguished by its small-to-moderate (not extending beyond the anterior of eye) terminal or subterminal mouth without obvious canine teeth, the presence of one or more enlarged and heavily toothed scales between the pelvic fins, plus usually a row of enlarged toothed scales along the midline in males and a partially naked belly in females. See also similar species information.

Breeding adults : Similar to non-breeders, orange in first dorsal of male may be more intense.

Juveniles : Similar to adults.

Habitat

Inhabits gravel runs and riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers .

Biome: Marine .

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Etheostoma phoxocephalum • Etheostoma phoxocephalum Nelson • Etheostoma phoxocephalum Nelson, 1876 • Percina phoxocephala

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 06-Jun-1994

Similar Species

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Fish Name Snout Body Pattern 1st Dorsal Fin Pigmentation Lateral Line Scales Other Characteristics Similarity Index Comments Blackside Darter Rounded, not elongated 6-11 oval blotches along lateral line, stripe-like, blotches or saddles on back Solid pigment on lower half, grading to dusky on outer third, thin light edge 56-68 ~10 long gill rakers, 20-23 CP scales, 12-15 D1 spines Very similar CP=caudal peduncle, D1=1st dorsal fin Gilt Darter Rounded, not elongated 5-8 thick squarish vertical bars or blotches extending on to back Solid pigment, orangish in life, except for thin clear/white edge 61-71 ~11 long gill rakers, 24-29 CP scales, 11-12 D1 spines Very similar CP=caudal peduncle, D1=1st dorsal fin Logperch Conical protuberance, somewhat elongated 15-25 narrow vertical bars Dusky lateral bands on light background 71-79 ~12 short gill rakers, 24-37 CP scales, 13-15 D1 spines Very similar CP=caudal peduncle, D1=1st dorsal fin River Darter Rounded, not elongated 8-11 blotches, thick and irregular in back, grading to thin vertical ars in front Dusky, with small dark blotch in front, larger dark blotch on posterior membranes 48-60 ~9 short gill rakers, 19-24 CP scales, 10-12 D1 spines Very similar CP=caudal peduncle, D1=1st dorsal fin Slenderhead Darter Pointed, elongated 10-16 blotches or irregular vertical bars on sides, back Dark pigment on lower 1/2, then orange (in life), then dark band, then light edge 65-71 ~10 short gill rakers, 23-25 CP scales, 12-13 D1 spines N/A CP=caudal peduncle, D1=1st dorsal fin

Members of the genus Percina

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 54 species and subspecies in this genus:

P. antesella (Amber Darter) · P. aurantiaca (Tangerine Darter) · P. aurolineata (Goldline Blenny) · P. aurora (Pearl Darter) · P. austroperca (Southern Logperch) · P. bimaculata (Chesapeake Logperch) · P. brevicauda (Coal Darter) · P. burtoni (Blotchfin Scorpionfish) · P. caprodes (Manitou Darter) · P. caprodes burtoni (Blotchside Logperch) · P. caprodes caprodes (Manitou Darter) · P. caprodes carbonaria (Log Perch) · P. caprodes semifasciata (Log Perch) · P. carbonaria (Texas Logperch) · P. copelandi (Channel Darter) · P. crassa (Piedmont Darter) · P. cymatotaenia (Bluestripe Darter) · P. evides (Gilt Darter) · P. fulvitaenia (Ozark Logperch) · P. gymnocephala (Appalachia Darter) · P. jenkinsi (Conasauga Logperch) · P. kathae (Mobile Logperch) · P. kusha (Bridled Darter) · P. lenticula (Freckled Darter) · P. macrocephala (Longhead Darter) · P. macrolepida (Bigscale Logperch) · P. maculata (Blackside Darter) · P. nasuta (Longnose Darter) · P. nevisense (Chainback Darter) · P. nigrofasciata (Blackbanded Darter) · P. nigrofasciata nigrofasciata (Blackbanded Darter) · P. notogramma (Stripeback Darter) · P. notogramma montuosa (Stripeback Darter) · P. oxyrhynchus (Sharpnose Darter) · P. oxyrhynchus (Sharpnose Darter) · P. palmaris (Bronze Darter) · P. pantherina (Leopard Darter) · P. peltata (Shield Darter) · P. peltata peltata (Shield Darter) · P. phoxocephala (Slenderhead Darter) · P. rex (Roanoke Logperch) · P. roanoka (Roanoke Darter) · P. sciera (Dusky Darter) · P. sciera apristis (Dusky Darter) · P. shumardi (River Catfish) · P. sipsi (Bankhead Darter) · P. smithvanizi (Muscadine Darter) · P. squamata (Olive Darter) · P. stictogaster (Frecklebelly Darter) · P. suttkusi (Gulf Logperch) · P. tanasi (Snail Darter) · P. uranidea (Stargazing Darter) · P. vigil (Saddleback Darter) · P. williamsi (Sickle Darter)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 02, 2008:

Identifiers

Last Revised: 7/14/2012