Perca fluviatilis

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Percidae

Distribution: Northern Hemisphere. Dorsal fins separate or narrowly joined. Anal spines 1 or 2, the second usually weak. Pelvic fins thoracic . A single spine and 5 soft rays in the pelvic fin. Branchiostegal rays 5-8. Branchiostegal membrane separate from isthmus. Vertebrae 32-50. Largest species to 90 cm maximum length (reported for Stizostedion vitreum), but many, such as Etheostoma tippecanoe, are as little as 5 cm in length. Some species enter estuaries.The family Percidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes ) and the Order Perciformes. It may be found in brackish and freshwater environments and is primarily freshwater. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are mixed. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is carangiform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the lower Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 72° n to 25° s and 130° w to 160° e. Etymology of this family name : Greek, perké = perch

Physical Description

Habitat

Occurs in slow-flowing rivers , deep lakes and ponds ; avoid cold, fast-flowing waters but may penetrate into but not breed in such waters. Normally found lying close or amongst obstacles in the water. Common in some of the brackish waters of the Baltic Sea [1].

Biome: Fresh water , brackish water. Demersal .

Biology

Diet

A predatory species, juveniles feed on zooplankton , bottom invertebrate fauna and other perch fry while adults feed on both invertebrates and fish, mainly stickle-backs, perch, roach and minnows [2]. May be captured with natural or artificial bait [3].

Reproduction

Eggs grouped in long white ribbons (up to 1 m ) are found over submerged objects[4].

Taxonomy

Ambiguous Synonyms

1. Perca fluviatilis gibba Smitt, 1892
2. Perca fluviatilis gracilis Pokrovsky, 1951
3. Perca fluviatilis maculata Smitt, 1892
4. Perca fluviatilis nigrescens Heckel, 1837
5. Perca fluviatilis phragmiteti Berg, 1933
6. Perca vulgaris aurata Fitzinger, 1832
7. Perca vulgaris Fitzinger, 1832
8. Perca vulgaris Schaeffer, 1761

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Perca fluviatilis aurea Smitt, 1892
2. Perca fluviatilis intermedius Svetovidov & Dorofeyeva, 1963
3. Perca fluviatilis macedonica Karaman, 1924
4. Perca fluviatilis zaissanica Dianov, 1955
5. Perca fluviatilus Linnaeus, 1758
6. Perca helvetica Gronow, 1854
7. Perca italica Cuvier, 1828
8. Perca vulgaris Schrank, 1792

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 15-Apr-1994

Similar Species

Members of the genus Perca

There are approximately 198 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

Epinephelus septemfasciatus · P. aberrans · P. acerina · P. acuta · P. adscensionis · P. afra · P. alburnus · P. flavescens (Northern Largemouth Bass) · P. antarctica · P. apoda · P. arabica · P. areolata · P. argentata · Kuhlia mugil · P. ascensionis · P. asper · P. atomaria · P. atraria · P. aurata · P. bimaculata · P. brasiliensis · P. brunnich · P. cabrilla · P. calcar · P. cernua · P. chromis · P. chrysops · P. chrysoptera · P. chuantsi · P. chuatsi · P. ciliata · P. cincta · P. cirrhosa · P. cirrosa · P. cottoides · P. danubiensis · Cynoscion striatus · P. decorata · P. diacantha · P. diagramma · P. dorso · Leiostomus xanthurus · P. elongata · P. fario · P. fasciata · P. flauescens · P. flavencens · P. flavens · P. flavenscens · P. flavescens (American Whitespotted Filefish) · P. flavesceus · P. flaveseens · P. fluciatilis · P. fluvatilis · P. fluviatalis · P. fluviatilis (Redfilament Threadfin-Bream) · P. fluviatilis flavescens · P. fluviatilis gibba · P. fluviatilis gracilis · P. fluviatilis intermedius · P. fluviatilis macedonica · P. fluviatilis maculata · P. fluviatilis nigrescens · P. fluviatilis phragmiteti · P. fluviatilis zaissanica · P. fluviatillis · P. fluviatilus · P. fluviatius · P. formosa · P. fourcroi · P. frenata · P. furva · P. fusca · P. fuviatilis · P. gibbosa · Epinephelus haifensis · P. gobioides · P. gracilis · P. granulata · P. guttata · P. helvetica · P. immaculata · P. imperator · P. iridea · P. irrorata · P. italica · P. juba · Morone saxatilis · P. lanceolata · P. latus · P. leonina · P. lepidota · P. lineata · P. lophar · P. loubina · P. louti · P. lucioperca · P. lunaria · P. lunulata · P. maculata

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
• FishBase 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 27 providers.
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Biological Records Centre - Database for the Atlas of Freshwater Fishes
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Borders Biological Records Centre - SWT Scottish Borders Local Wildlife Site Survey data 1996-2000 - species information

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3864586
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-29476
• Fishbase Species ID: 358
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13535159
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 168470
• IUCN ID: 16580
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 9177

Footnotes

1. Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. [back]
2. de Moor, I.J. and M.N. Bruton (1988). Atlas of alien and translocated indigenous aquatic animals in southern Africa. A report of the Committee for Nature Conservation Research National Programme for Ecosystem Research. South African Scientific Program [back]
3. Billard, R. (1997). Les poissons d'eau douce des rivières de France. Identification, inventaire et répartition des 83 espèces. Lausanne: Delachaux & Niestlé, 192p. [back]
4. Pinder, A.C. (2001). Keys to larval and juvenile stages of coarse fishes from fresh waters in the British Isles. Freshwater Biological Association. The Ferry House, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, UK. Scientific Publication No. 60. 136 p. [back]

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