Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Afrikaans:
Huismossie
Common Names in Albanian:
Harabeli
Common Names in Armenian:
[tnayin Chnchghuk ]
Common Names in Asturian:
Gurri
Common Names in Basque:
Etxe-Txolarre
Common Names in Breton:
Ar Golvan
Common Names in Catalan:
Gorri
Common Names in Cornish:
Golvan Chy
Common Names in Croatian:
Vrabac
Common Names in Czech:
Vrabec Dom
Common Names in Danish:
Gr
Common Names in Dutch:
Huismus
Common Names in English:
English sparrow, House Sparrow, Italian Sparrow, Phillip sparrow, Town sparrow
Common Names in Esperanto:
Dompasero
Common Names in Estonian:
Koduvarblane
Common Names in Faroese:
Gr
Common Names in Finnish:
varpunen
Common Names in French:
Moineau Cisalpin, Moineau cisalpin *, moineau domestique
Common Names in Frisian:
Mosk
Common Names in Gaelic, Irish:
Gealbhag
Common Names in Galician:
Pardal, Pardal Com
Common Names in German:
Haussperling, Italiensperling
Common Names in Guarani:
Gorri
Common Names in Haitian Creole French:
Mwano Kay
Common Names in Hebrew:
דרור בית
Common Names in Hindi:
Adaikalang Kuruvi
Common Names in Hungarian:
H
Common Names in Icelandic:
Gr
Common Names in Indonesian:
Burung Gereja
Common Names in Irish:
Gealbhan
Common Names in Italian:
Passera D'italia, Passera europea, Passera oltremontana
Common Names in Japanese:
Iesuzume, イエスズメ
Common Names in Kwangali:
Enzunge
Common Names in Latin:
Passer domesitcus, Passer domesticus
Common Names in Latvian:
Majas Zvirbulis
Common Names in Lithuanian:
Italinis
Common Names in Malay:
Ciak Rumah
Common Names in Maltese:
Ghasfur Tal-Bejt
Common Names in Manx:
Jallyn
Common Names in Northern Sami:
R
Common Names in Norwegian:
Gr
Common Names in Polish:
Wr
Common Names in Portuguese:
Pardal, Pardal-Comum
Common Names in Portuguese (Brazil):
Pardal
Common Names in Romanian:
Vrabie
Common Names in Romansh:
Pasler Da Chasa
Common Names in Russian:
Domovoy Vorobey, Воробей домовой
Common Names in Sardinian:
Crucculeu
Common Names in Scots:
Gealbhonn
Common Names in Serbian:
Domaci Vrabac
Common Names in Siswant:
Jolwane
Common Names in Slovak:
Vrabec
Common Names in Slovenian:
Domaci Vrabec
Common Names in Sotho, Southern:
Serobele
Common Names in Spanish:
Corbatita, Gorri, Gorrión casero, Gorrion casero, Gorrión común, Gorrión Italiano
Common Names in Spanish (Argentine):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Costa Rica):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Cuba):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Dominican Republic):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Honduras):
Pinz
Common Names in Spanish (Mexico):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Nicaragua):
Gorri
Common Names in Spanish (Paraguay):
Corbatita
Common Names in Spanish (Uruguay):
Gorri
Common Names in Swahili:
Shomoro-Kaya
Common Names in Swedish:
Gr, Gråsparv
Common Names in Tswana:
Tswere
Common Names in Turkish:
Evcil Ser
Common Names in Valencian:
Pela-Roques
Common Names in Welsh:
Aderyn
Description
Physical Description
Adult Female: Face : Eyebrow Line : buff Postocular Stripe : dusky Bill: dusky with yellowish base on lower mandible Lower Mandible: dusky with yellowish base Upper Mandible: dusky Body: Underparts: brownish gray Upperparts: buff brown with blackish streaks.Adult Male: Head : Crown: gray Face: Cheeks: gray Lores : black Bill: black Neck: Collar : white half collar Nape: chestnut Body: Back: buff brown with black streaks Bib: black Rump : gray Underparts: pale gray Tail: gray.
Size/Age/Growth
About 5.5 to 6.5 inches long, with a wingspan of 9.5 to 10 inches. Adults weigh about 1 ounce .
Habitat
Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub, arid lowland scrubs, pastures and agricultural lands, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands • Maximum Elevation: 3,000 meters • Foraging Strata: Canopy • Center of Abundance: Lower subtropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; subtropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Low
Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of 382 meters (1,254 feet).[1]
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.4 Forest - Temperate
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.4 Shrubland - Temperate
- 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 3.6 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Moist
- 3.8 Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation
- 4 Grassland
- 4.4 Grassland - Temperate
- 4.5 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 5 Wetlands (inland)
- 5.1 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls )
- 5.4 Wetlands (inland) - Bogs , Marshes, Swamps , Fens , Peatlands
- 6 Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks)
- 14 Artificial/Terrestrial
- 14.1 Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land
- 14.2 Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland
- 14.3 Artificial/Terrestrial - Plantations
- 14.4 Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens
- 14.5 Artificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas
- 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest
- 15 Artificial/Aquatic and Marine
- 15.7 Artificial/Aquatic - Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels ) [more info]
Biology
Reproduction
Breeds from mid-February to mid-November.
Migration
Nonmigratory
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
)
- Gauthier, 1986
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
)
- Pycraft, 1900
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
)
- Sibley et al., 1988
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
- Parvorder:
Passerida
(
)
- Superfamily:
Passeroidea
(
)
- Family:
Passeridae
(
)
- Illiger, 1811
- Subfamily:
Passeridae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Passeridae
(
- Family:
Passeridae
(
- Superfamily:
Passeroidea
(
- Parvorder:
Passerida
(
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus) • Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 24-Jun-1996
Similar Species
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
Members of the genus Passer
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 49 species and subspecies in this genus:
P. ammodendri (Saxaul Sparrow) · P. ammodendri ammodendri (Saxaul Sparrow) · P. ammodendri korejewi (Saxaul Sparrow) · P. ammodendri stoliczkae (Saxaul Sparrow) · P. ammodendri timidus (Saxaul Sparrow) · P. castanopterus (Somali Sparrow) · P. cordofanicus (Kordofan Rufous-Sparrow) · P. diffusus (Southern Grey-Headed Sparrow) · P. domesticus (Phillip Sparrow) · P. domesticus bactrianus (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus balearoibericus (West Mediterranean House Sparrow) · P. domesticus biblicus (East Mediterranean House Sparrow) · P. domesticus domesticus (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus hufufae (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus indicus (Arabian House Sparrow) · P. domesticus niloticus (Egyptian House Sparrow) · P. domesticus parkini (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus persicus (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus rufidorsalis (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus tingitanus (House Sparrow) · P. eminibey (Chestnut Sparrow) · P. euchlorus (Arabian Golden Sparrow) · P. flaveolus (Plain-Backed Sparrow) · P. gongonensis (Parrot-Billed Sparrow) · P. griseus (Northern Grey-Headed Sparrow) · P. griseus griseus (Northern Grey-Headed Sparrow) · P. hemileucus (Abd Al Kuri Sparrow) · P. hispaniolensis (Spanish Sparrow) · P. hispaniolensis hispaniolensis (Spanish Sparrow) · P. iagoensis (Cape Verde Sparrow) · P. insularis (Socotra Sparrow) · P. luteus (Sudan Golden-Sparrow) · P. melanurus (Cape Sparrow) · P. melanurus melanurus (Cape Sparrow) · P. moabiticus (Dead Sea Sparrow) · P. moabiticus moabiticus (Dead Sea Sparrow) · P. montanus (Eurasian Tree Sparrow) · P. montanus montanus (Eurasian Sparrow) · P. montanus saturatus (Eurasian Sparrow) · P. motitensis (Southern Rufous Sparrow) · P. pyrrhonotus (Sind Jungle Sparrow) · P. rufocinctus (Kenya Rufous Sparrow) · P. rutilans (Cinnamon Sparrow) · P. rutilans rutilans (Cinnamon Sparrow) · P. shelleyi (Shelley's Rufous-Sparrow) · P. simplex (Desert Sparrow) · P. simplex simplex (Desert Sparrow) · P. suahelicus (Swaheli Sparrow) · P. swainsonii (SwainsonÌs Sparrow)
More Info
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- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- A List of British birds / London: British Ornithologists' Union, 1915. url , , .
- A bird calendar for northern India, by Douglas Dewar. London, W. Thacker & co.; [etc., etc.]1916. url p. 209.
- A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 19.
- A comparison of the animal communities of coniferous and deciduous forests, Urbana, Ill., c1927 url p. 116.
- A distributional list of the birds of Montana, with notes on the migration and nesting of the better known species, by Aretas A. Saunders. Berkeley, Calif., The Club, 1921. url p. 172, p. 191.
- A faunal investigation of King Township, York County, Ontario / [Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology], 1930. url p. 194.
- A faunal investigation of Long Point and vicinity, Norfolk County, Ontario / [Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology], 1931. url p. 196.
- A faunal investigation of Prince Edward County, Ontario / Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1941. url p. 82.
- A faunal investigation of the Lake Abitibi region, Ontario / Toronto: University Library: published by the Librarian, 1928. url p. 27.
- A faunal investigation of the Sault Ste. Marie region, Ontario / [Toronto]: Royal Ontario Museum, 1942. url p. 145.
- A faunal investigation of western Rainy River District, Ontario / [Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology], 1938. url p. 207.
- A geographic classification of Neotropical mammals. 36 1958 [Chicago]Chicago Natural History Museum, 1958. url p. 638.
- A guide to the birds of Nepal Christopher Helm (Publishers) Ltd. url p. 354.
- A hand-list of genera and species of birds of the Indian empire, by E. C. Stuart Baker. .. Bombay, Printed by order of the committee of the Bombay natural history society[1923] url p. 104.
- A history of the game birds, wild fowl and shore birds of Massachusetts and adjacent states, including those used for food which have disappeared since the settlement of the country, and those which are now hunted for food or sport, with observations on their former abundance and recent decre By Edward Howe Forbush. Boston, Wright & Potter Printing Company, State Printers, 1916 url p. 567.
- A key to the birds of the lower Yangtse Valley, with popular descriptions of the species commonly seen. By N. Gist Gee. .. and Lacy I. Moffett. Shanghai, Shanghai Mercury Limited, Print., 1917. url p. 210.
- A list of British birds, comp. by a committee of the British ornithologists' union. London: British ornithologists' union, 1915. url , p. 15, p. 357.
- A manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States: including the district north and east of the Ozark mountains, south of the Laurentian hills, north of the southern boundary of Virginia, and east of the Missouri river, inclusive of marine species / Chicago:A. C. McClurg, 1916. url .
- A naturalist in Brazil; the record of a year's observation of her flora, her fauna, and her people, by Konrad Guenther. .. translated by Bernard Miall. .. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1931. url p. 395.
- A popular handbook of the birds of the United States and Canada / Boston: Little, Brown, 1921. url , .
- A practical handbook of British birds, edited by H.F. Witherby. .. London, Witherby, 1920-24. url p. 100, p. 100, p. 101, p. 101.
- A study of selections for the size, shape and color of hens' eggs / Earl W. Benjamin. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University, 1920. url p. 310, p. 312.
- A study of selections for the variation and inheritance of the size, shape and color of hens' eggs. .. Ithaca, 1920 url p. 310, p. 312.
- A study of the incubation periods of birds; what determines their lengths, Denver, Col., The Kendrick-Bellamy Co., 1917. url .
- A survey of natural areas in Tyrrell County, North Carolina: for The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Coastal Natural Area Inventory Project / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url p. 13.
- A text-book of zoology / London: Macmillan, 1921. url p. 652.
- A text-book of zoology, by the late T. Jeffery Parker. .. and William A. Haswell. .. London, Macmillian and co., limited, 1921. url p. 652, p. 652.
- A year with the birds; by W. Warde Fowler. .. illustrations by Bryan Hook. London, Macmillan and co., limited, 1914. url p. 265.
- Advances in the study of mammalian behavior / edited by John F. Eisenberg and Devra G. Kleiman. [Stillwater, Okla.]: American Society of Mammalogists; 1983. url p. 22.
- African Ixodoidea. l. Ticks of the Sudan... [Washington]1956. url p. 530.
- An account of the mammals and birds of the lower Colorado Valley: with especial reference to the distributional problems presented / by Joseph Grinnell. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1914. url p. 112, p. 166.
- An atlas of the chromosome numbers in animals. Ames, Iowa State College Press[1951] url p. 250.
- An ecological characterization of Coastal Maine (north and east of Cape Elizabeth) / Stewart I. Fefer and Patricia S. Schettig: principal investigators. Newton Corner, Mass.: Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, 1980. url .
- Analysis of development, edited by Benjamin H. Willier, Paul A. Weiss [and] Viktor Hamburger. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1955. url p. 517.
- Animal and plant life in Oklahoma, Norman, 1917. url .
- Animal life in deserts, a study of the fauna in relation to the environment. LondonE. Arnold1923 url p. 100.
- Animal life in the Yosemite; an account of the mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians in a cross-section of the Sierra Nevada, by Joseph Grinnell and Tracy Irwin Storer. .. Berkeley, Calif., University of California Press, 1924. url , , p. 439, p. 439, p. 748, p. 748.
- Annotated list of the Avery bird collection in the Alabama museum of natural history (Geological survey museum) University, Ala., 1921. url , .
- Annual report / Field Museum of Natural History. [Chicago]: The Museum, [1965-1966] url p. 213.
- Annual report for the year ended June 30. .. / the United States National Museum. [Washington]: Smithsonian Institution, [1952-1964] url p. 94.
- Annual report of the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture. Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., state printers, 1916-1918. url p. 242.
- At home with wild nature, by Richard Kearton, profusely illustrated with photographs taken direct from nature by Captain Cherry Kearton and the author. London, Cassell and company, limited, 1922. url p. 154.
- Atlas of avian hematology / Alfred M. Lucas, Casimir Jamroz. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1961. url p. 211, p. 267.
- Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements. .. and Victor E. Shelford. .. New York, J. Wiley & Sons, inc.;1939. url p. 213, p. 417.
- Biology code of the Chemical-Biological Coordination Center... Washington, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, 1960. url p. 51.
- Biology; the story of living things [by] George William Hunter...Herbert Eugene Walter...[and] George William Hunter, III... New York, American book company[c1937] url p. 66.
- Bird blow flies (Protocalliphora) in North America (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with notes on the Palearctic species / Curtis W. Sabrosky, Gordon F. Bennett, and Terry L. Whitworth. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, c1989. url p. 128, p. 236.
- Bird friends, a complete bird book for Americans. Boston, Houghton, 1916. url .
- Bird friends: a complete bird book for Americans / Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916. url .
- Bird friends; a complete bird book for Americans, by Gilbert H. Trafton. Boston, Houghton Mifflin company, 1916. url p. 227.
- Bird guide: land birds east of the Rockies from parrots to bluebirds / by Chester A. Reed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1916, c1909. url p. 88, p. 88.
- Bird homes: the nests, eggs and breeding habits of the land birds breeding in the eastern United States, with hints on the rearing and photographing of young birds / New York: Doubleday & McClure, 1920, c1904. url , .
- Bird neighbors: an introductory acquaintance with one hundred and fifty birds commonly found in the gardens, meadows, and woods about our homes / Neltje Blanchan; introduction by John Burroughs. Garden City, N.Y.: Garden City Pub. Co., c1922. url p. 151.
- Bird neighbors; an introductory acquaintance with one hundred and fifty birds commonly found in the gardens, meadows, and woods about our homes Garden City, N. Y., Garden City Pub. Co.[c1922] url .
- Bird populations in east central Illinois: fluctuations, variations, and development over a half-century / Champaign: University of Illinois Press, c1982. url p. 135.
- Bird-life; a guide to the study of our common birds, by Frank M. Chapman. .. With seventy-five full-page colored plates after drawings by Ernest Seton Thompson. New York, D. Appleton and co., 1919 [c1901] url p. 193.
- Birds and nature in natural colors: being a scientific and popular treatise on four hundred birds of the United States and Canada. 1 1913 Chicago: A.W. Mumford, Publisher, 1913-1914. url p. 101, p. 431.
- Birds in their relation to man; Philadelphia and London, J. B. Lippincott company, 1935. url p. 318.
- Birds in their relations to man: a manual of economic ornithology for the United States and Canada / by Clarence M. Weed and Ned Dearborn. Philadelphia; Lippincott, 1916. url p. 318.
- Birds in their relations to man; a manual of economic ornithology for the United States and Canada / by Clarence M. Weed and Ned Dearborn. London: Lippincott, 1916. url p. 318.
- Birds of America; editor-in-chief, T. Gilbert Pearson; consulting editor, John Burroughs; artists, R.I. Brasher, R. Bruce Horsfall [and] Henry Thurston. New York, The University Society, 1923. url p. 17.
- Birds of New York / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1914. url , .
- Birds of South Dakota. By William H. Over and Craig S. Thoms. Vermillion [!]: University of South Dakota, 1920 [i.e. 1921] url p. 114.
- Birds of Swope park in the heart of America, Kansas City, Mo., by Albert E. Shirling... Kansas City, Mo., McIndoo publishing company, 1920. url p. 110, p. 110.
- Birds of eastern Canada / Ottawa: J. de L. Tache?, 1919. url .
- Birds of eastern Canada / by P. A. Taverner. Ottawa: J. de Labroquerie Tach, 1919. url , p. 164.
- Birds of eastern Canada / by P.A. Taverner. Ottawa: Canada Dept. of Mines, Geological Survey, 1919. url p. 164, p. 287.
- Birds of eastern Canada, by P. A. Taverner. Ottawa, J. de L. Tache?, printer, 1919. url p. 164, p. 287.
- Birds of eastern Canada, by P.A. Taverner. Ottawa, J. de L. Tach, Printer, 1919. url p. 164, p. 287.
- Birds of the Indian Hills. London, John Lane, 1915. url , .
- Birds of the Indian hills, by Douglas Dewar. A companion volume to the bird volumes of "The fauna of British India." London, John Lane company; [etc., etc.]1915. url p. 207, p. 241.
- Birds of the Kansas City region / [St. Louis, Mo.: Academy of Sciences of St. Louis]1919. url , .
- Birds of the Kansas City region [by] Harry Harris. [St. Louis, Mo.]1919. url p. 292, p. 292, p. 366, p. 366.
- Birds of the New York city region, by Ludlow Griscom, assistant curator of ornithology, with the cooperation of the Linnan society of New York. .. New York, The Museum, 1923. url p. 260, p. 395.
- Birds of the Papago Saguaro National Monument and the neighboring region, Arizona, by H. S. Swarth. Contribution from the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California. Washington, D.C.: Govt. Print. Off., 1920. url p. 55, p. 56, p. 58, p. 61.
- Birds the world over, as shown in habitat groups in Chicago Natural History Museum [by] Austin L. Rand, curator, Division of Birds, and Emmet R. Blake, associate curator, Division of Birds. [Chicago]1954. url p. 23.
- Birds; a miscellaneous collection of 37 pamphlets about birds. Collected and privately bound by Alvin Seale, 1914. v.p., 1910-1913 url p. 241, p. 26, p. 46, p. 56, p. 62, p. 63, p. 8.
- Brigham Young University science bulletin. 1 1960 Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url p. 4, p. 71, p. 72.
- British birds in their haunts / edited, revised and annotated, by J.A. Owen; illustrated with 64 coloured plates (256 figures) by William Foster; with a glossary of common and provincial names and of technical terms. London: G. Routledge[1922] url p. 92.
- British birds in their haunts. .. Edited, revised, and annotated by J.A. Owen. .. Illustrated with 64 coloured plates by William Foster. With a glossary of common and provincial names and of technical terms. London, Dutton[1922] url p. 92.
- British birds, London, Longmans, Green, and co., 1921. url , p. 132, p. 359.
- British birds, by W. H. Hudson, C.M.Z.S. With a chapter on structure and classification by Frank E. Beddard, F.R.S. With 8 coloured plates from original drawings by A. Thorburn and 8 plates and 100 figures in black London, Longmans, Green, and co., 1921. url , p. 132, p. 359.
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Notes
Contributors
- BirdLife International 2009. Passer domesticus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 03February2012.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Royal British Columbia Museum
- New Brunswick Museum, NBM birds
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
- The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Western Palearctic migrants in continental Africa
- The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx River Bioblitz
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Herts Bird Club - Hertfordshire Breeding Bird Atlas : 1988-1992
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Borders Biological Records Centre - SWT Scottish Borders Local Wildlife Site Survey data 1996-2000 - species information
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM, CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-179629
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2481685
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 179628
- IUCN ID: 230694
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 407267
Footnotes
- Standard Deviation = 236.800 based on 5,576 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
