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Passer domesticus

(English Sparrow, House Sparrow, Town Sparrow)

Conservation Status

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Population Analysis

  • For the 56,576 species in the Class Aves (Birds), we average 371.87 observations each in our database; for the English Sparrow, we have 4,144 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
  • A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the English Sparrow is the same as the trend in observations of Aves. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=22.998, p<0.001)
  • How do observation rates of the English Sparrow differ from those of Aves? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Aves that were observations of the English Sparrow each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of the English Sparrow are becoming more common relative to other species of Aves, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is positive (r=.02), with a positive slope (m = .0001), suggesting that the English Sparrow may be increasing relative to other species of Aves. This correlation is statistically significant. (F = 41.83, p<.05)
  • The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Aves each year that were observations of the English Sparrow.

Taxonomy

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  • Domain: Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
    • Kingdom: Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
      • Subkingdom: Bilateria (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983 - bilaterians

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Physical Description

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Family Passeridae:

A Family of small passerines with plum brown or grey bodies, short tails, and stubby, powerful beaks.

Adult Female:

Face: Eyebrow Line: buff Postocular Stripe: dusky Bill: dusky with yellowish base on lower mandible Lower Mandible: dusky with yellowish base Upper Mandible: dusky Body: Underparts: brownish gray Upperparts: buff brown with blackish streaks.

Adult Male:

Head: Crown: gray Face: Cheeks: gray Lores: black Bill: black Neck: Collar: white half collar Nape: chestnut Body: Back: buff brown with black streaks Bib: black Rump: gray Underparts: pale gray Tail: gray.

Size/Age/Growth:

About 5.5 to 6.5 inches long, with a wingspan of 9.5 to 10 inches. Adults weigh about 1 ounce.

Images:

Distribution

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Range and Population

North America

Habitat

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Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub, arid lowland scrubs, pastures and agricultural lands, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands • Minimum Elevation: 0 meters • Maximum Elevation: 3,000 meters • Foraging Strata: Canopy • Center of Abundance: Lower subtropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; subtropics. • Relative Abundance in Tropical America: Common • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Low.

Reproduction

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Breeds from mid-February to mid-November.

Migration

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Nonmigratory

Similar Species

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Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Members of the genus Passer:

There are approximately 127 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: P. ahasver · P. ammodendri · P. ammodendri ammodendri · P. ammodendri korejevi · P. ammodendri stoliczkae · P. arborens · P. arctous · P. assimilis · P. castanopterus · P. castanopterus castanopterus · P. castanopterus fulgens · P. catellatus · P. cinnamomeus · P. diffusus · P. diffusus diffusus · P. diffusus luangwae · P. diffusus stygiceps · P. dimesticus indicus · P. domesticus (English Sparrow) · P. domesticus balearoibericus · P. domesticus biblicus · P. domesticus celata · P. domesticus domesticus (House Sparrow) · P. domesticus hufufae · P. domesticus indicus · P. domesticus italiae · P. domesticus mayaudi · P. domesticus niloticus · P. domesticus parkini · P. domesticus persicus · P. domesticus rufidorsalis · P. domesticus ssp · P. domesticus tingitanus · P. domesticus x · P. dosmesticus · P. eminibey · P. euchlorus · P. flaveolus · P. fluckigeri · P. flückigeri · P. gongonensis · P. griseigularis · P. griseus · P. griseus diffusus · P. griseus gongonensis · P. griseus griseus · P. griseus laeneni · P. griseus mosambicus · P. griseus mozambicus · P. griseus suahelicus · P. griseus swainsonii · P. griseus tertale · P. griseus ugandae · P. hemileucus · P. hispaniolensis · P. hispaniolensis hispaniolensis · P. hispaniolensis transcaspicus · P. hispaniolensis x · P. hispanoliensis · P. hostilis · P. iagoensis · P. iagoensis iagoensis · P. iagoensis motitensis · P. iagoensis rufocinctus · P. indicus · P. insularis · P. italae payni · P. italiae · P. italiae x domesticus · P. italiae x x domesticus · P. lichtensteinii · P. luteus · P. luteus euchlorus · P. luteus luteus · P. luteus ssp · P. melanurus · P. melanurus damarensis · P. melanurus melanurus · P. melanurus vicinus · P. moabiticus · P. moabiticus moabiticus · P. moabiticus yatii · P. montanus (Eurasian Sparrow) · P. montanus beali · P. montanus dilutus · P. montanus dybowskii · P. montanus hepaticus · P. montanus kansuensis · P. montanus malaccensis · P. montanus malacensis · P. montanus monanus · P. montanus montanus (Eurasian Sparrow) · P. montanus obscuratus · P. montanus pallidus · P. montanus saturatus (Eurasian Sparrow) · P. montanus shansiensis · P. montanus taiwanensis · P. montanus tibetanus · P. montanus tokunagai · P. montanus transcaucasicus

Members of the genus Emberiza:

There are approximately 150 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: E. affinis · E. affinis affinis · E. affinis gambiensis · E. affinis nigeriae · E. alcoveri · E. arcuata · E. arundinacea · E. aureola · E. aureola aureola · E. aureola ornata · E. battaro · E. bocharensis · E. bruniceps · E. buchanani · E. buchanani buchanani · E. buchanani neobscura · E. cabanisi · E. cabanisi cabanisi · E. cabanisi orientalis · E. caesia · E. calandra · E. calandra calandra · E. calandra clanceyi · E. canescens · E. capensis · E. capensis bradfieldi · E. capensis capensis · E. capensis cinnamomea · E. capensis plowesi · E. capensis reidi · E. capensis smithersii · E. castaneiceps · E. chrysophrys · E. cia · E. cia africana · E. cia callensis · E. cia cia · E. cia flemingorum · E. cia omissa · E. cia par · E. cia stracheyi · E. cineracea (Cinereous Bunting) · E. cineracea cineracea · E. cinerea · E. cioides · E. cioides castaneiceps · E. cioides cioides · E. cioides ciopsis · E. cioides weigoldi · E. ciopsis · E. cirlus · E. cirlus cirlus · E. cirlus nigrostriata · E. citrinella · E. citrinella caliginosa · E. citrinella citrinella · E. citrinella erithrogenys · E. citrinella erythrogenys · E. citriniventris · E. claudia · E. elegans · E. elegans elegans · E. elegans elegantula · E. elegantula · E. flaviventris · E. flaviventris flavigaster · E. flaviventris flaviventris · E. flaviventris kalaharica · E. fucata · E. fucata arcuata · E. fucata fucata · E. fuscata · E. gigliolii · E. godlewskii · E. hortulana · E. huttoni · E. icterica · E. impetuani · E. impetuani smithersii · E. jankowskii (Rufous-Backed Bunting) · E. koslowi (Tibetan Bunting) · E. lathami · E. leucocephala · E. leucocephala fronto · E. leucocephala leucocephala · E. leucocephalos · E. leucocephalos leucocephalos · E. leucocephalus · E. luteola · E. melanocephala · E. milliaria · E. nipalensis · E. pallasi (Pallas' Reed-Bunting) · E. pallasi lydiae · E. pallasi minor · E. pallasi pallasi · E. pallasi polaris · E. parvirostris · E. personata · E. poliopleura

Bibliography

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  • Alsop, Fred J. III. Birds of North America - Eastern Region. First American Edition. Smithsonian Handbooks. DK Publishing, Inc. 2001.
  • Amadon, D., Blake, E., Greenway Jr, J., Mayr, E., Moreau, R. and Vaurie, C. (1962): Check-List of the Birds of the World. Volume 15. A Continuation of the Work of James L. Peters. - In: Check-List of the Birds of the World (Mayr E. and Greenway Jr, J. ed.), ser. Vol. 15, Museum of Comparative Zoology, pp. [315]

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

Identifiers:

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Last Revised: April 24, 2008