Parnassius apollo

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Papilionidae

'The Papilionidae belong to the Superfamily Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Swallowtails are worldwide in distribution and comprise approximately 560 species. They are richest in the tropics, and their brilliant colors make them favorites of butterfly enthusiasts. Many swallowtail species, especially in the tropics, mimic other butterflies that are distasteful, while others are distasteful and cause birds and other vertebrate predators to regurgitate. Swallowtail adults are medium to large and may or may not have tails, while parnassian adults are medium, tailless, and have translucent wings. All adult parnassians and swallowtails have three pairs of walking legs , and adults of all species visit flowers for nectar.

'[1]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,037 meters (0 to 9,964 feet).[2]

Biome: Terrestrial

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Parnassius apollo antiquus Eisner & Zelny, 1974
2. Parnassius apollo apenninus Stichel, 1907
3. Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus Stichel, 1899
4. Parnassius apollo bezauensis Reck, 1939
5. Parnassius apollo bosniensis Stichel, 1899
6. Parnassius apollo burjaticus Nardelli & Hirschfeld, 1994
7. Parnassius apollo cognatus Belling, 1928
8. Parnassius apollo confinis Belling, 1927
9. Parnassius apollo eubohemicus Bryk & Eisner, 1930
10. Parnassius apollo fabrei Rougeot, 1990
11. Parnassius apollo forma arvernensis Eisner, 1964
12. Parnassius apollo forma democratus Sheljuzhko, 1925
13. Parnassius apollo forma escalerae Rougeot & Capdeville, 1968
14. Parnassius apollo gadorensis Rougeot & Capdeville, 1969
15. Parnassius apollo geminus Stichel, 1899
16. Parnassius apollo germainae Rougeot & Capdeville, 1972
17. Parnassius apollo grajus Stichel, 1907
18. Parnassius apollo hahnei Reck, 1938
19. Parnassius apollo kosswigi de Lattin, 1941
20. Parnassius apollo lessei Rougeot & Capdeville, 1968
21. Parnassius apollo manleyi Wyatt, 1964
22. Parnassius apollo melliculus Stichel, 1906
23. Parnassius apollo metaensis Eisner, 1959
24. Parnassius apollo navasi Bryk, 1934
25. Parnassius apollo nichollae Rougeot & Capdeville, 1972
26. Parnassius apollo oravensis Eisner & Zelny, 1969
27. Parnassius apollo pumilus Stichel, 1906
28. Parnassius apollo rachelii Eisner, 1975
29. Parnassius apollo sevensis Kesenheimer, 1920
30. Parnassius apollo thessalicus Bang-Haas, 1934
31. Parnassius apollo transiliensis Eisner, 1966
32. Parnassius apollo turatii Rothschild, 1918
33. Parnassius apollo var. alba Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1893
34. Parnassius apollo var. brittingeri Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1893
35. Parnassius apollo var. brunneomaculatus Stichel, 1899
36. Parnassius apollo var. carinthicus Stichel, 1907
37. Parnassius apollo var. carpathicus Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1893
38. Parnassius apollo var. duplex Eisner, 1964
39. Parnassius apollo var. excelsior Stichel, 1899
40. Parnassius apollo var. graphicus Stichel, 1899
41. Parnassius apollo var. hoglandicus Kotzsch, 1937
42. Parnassius apollo var. liburnicus Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1893
43. Parnassius apollo var. limicola Stichel, 1907
44. Parnassius apollo var. merzbacheri Fruhstorfer, 1906
45. Parnassius apollo var. minerva Bang-Haas, 1910
46. Parnassius apollo var. minor Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1893
47. Parnassius apollo var. montana Stichel, 1907
48. Parnassius apollo var. nivatus Fruhstorfer, 1906
49. Parnassius apollo var. pandolfus Fruhstorfer, 1922
50. Parnassius apollo var. rhaeticus Fruhstorfer, 1906
51. Parnassius apollo var. rubidus Fruhstorfer, 1906
52. Parnassius apollo var. sibiricus Fruhstorfer, 1906
53. Parnassius apollo var. sojoticus Bryk, 1912
54. Parnassius apollo var. suaneticus Arnold, 1909
55. Parnassius apollo var. tauricus Bryk & Eisner, 1930
56. Parnassius apollo var. transsylvanicus Schweitzer, 1912
57. Parnassius apollo var. valesiacus Fruhstorfer, 1906
58. Parnassius apollo var. vilpiana Dannehl, 1933
59. Parnassius apollo vinningensis Stichel, 1899
60. Parnassius apollo vistulicus Rebel, 1927
61. Parnassius apollo zelnyi Eisner, 1974

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Parnassius

There are approximately 1554 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

P. abductus · P. abetonica · P. abruptus · P. acco · P. acco przewalskii · P. acco tulaishani · P. acdestis · P. actinoboloides · P. actinobolus · P. actius · P. actius urumtsiensis · P. adamellicua · P. addenda · P. adolphi · P. adonais · P. adulanus · P. adzharensis · P. aequivalens · P. afer · P. afganistanus · P. agyllus · P. aichelei · P. aino · P. akbesiana · P. aksuensis · P. alaicus · P. alaskensis · P. alba · P. albanicus · P. albens · P. albicans · P. albida · P. albidociliata · P. albina · P. albino · P. albipicta · P. albipupillata · P. alboannulata · P. albocentrata · P. albofimbriata · P. albomaculata · P. albomaculatus · P. albopruinosa · P. albopupillata · P. albosignata · P. albovenatus · P. alburnus · P. albus · P. alemanicus · P. alexander · P. alini · P. almaataensis · P. alpestris · P. alpherakyi · P. alpicola · P. alpicolaminor · P. alpinus · P. alta · P. altaica · P. altaurus · P. altitudinis · P. altynensis · P. amalthea · P. amanusica · P. ambrosius · P. americanus · P. amgunensis · P. amphityon · P. ampliuscubitalis · P. ampliusdecora · P. ampliusmaculata · P. ampliusocellulata · P. amurensis · P. anachoreta · P. anaeina · P. analalbosignata · P. analisextincta · P. anatolicus · P. anbalus · P. anbulus · P. ancile · P. andreji · P. andresshoferi · P. anglardi · P. angorae · P. angulata · P. anna · P. anneciensis · P. antecubitalis · P. antijesuita · P. antiquincunx · P. antiquus · P. antitauricus · P. antoniae · P. aomoriensis · P. apenninus · P. aperta · P. aphrodite · P. apoldi · P. apollo (Apollo Butterfly)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Gimenez Dixon, M. 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 27, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 13 providers.
• GloBIS (GART)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 27, 2007:

• Haus der Natur Salzburg, Haus der Natur Salzburg
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norwegian Lepidoptera collection, Oslo
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Bugs
• University of Helsinki, Department of Applied Biology, Lepidopterological Society of Finland

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1584126
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Gar-528
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14370293
• IUCN ID: 16249
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 8995

Footnotes

1. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=14&sci=Papilionidae&com=Parnassians and Swallowtails [back]
2. Mean = 917.610 meters (3,010.532 feet), Standard Deviation = 721.800 based on 5,682 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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