Overview
Family : Smelts ; A schooling species that occurs in midwater of lakes or inshore coastal waters [1]; at temperatures ranging from 7.2-15.6¦C. Migrates up to 1,000 km upstream in rivers [2]. Occurs possibly to 425 m [3]. Feeds on invertebrates such as amphipods , ostracods , aquatic insect larvae, and aquatic worms [1]. Headed , gutted , sold fresh, frozen and precooked. Eaten sautTed and fried[4].
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Danish:
Amerikansk Smelt
Common Names in English:
American Smelt, Atlantic Pygmy Skate, Atlantic Rainbow Smelt, Bay Capelin, Bay Caplin, Freshwater Smelt, Frost Fish, Leefish, Ooutside Caplin, Outside Capelin, Rainbow Smelt, Smelt, Toothed Smelt, White-Fish
Common Names in German:
Amerikanischer Stint, Regenbogenstint
Common Names in Inuktitut:
Ichloanik, Ilhuagnik, Iquar-Niq, Ithoanin
Common Names in Other:
Qiqotiliqaoraq
Common Names in Spanish:
Eperlano Americano
Description
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,179 meters (0 to 3,868 feet).[5]
Biome: Marine .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Class:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
()
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
()
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
()
- Order:
Salmoniformes
()
- Suborder:
Osmeroidei
()
- Suborder:
Osmeroidei
(
- Order:
Salmoniformes
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Atherina mordax Mitchill • Osmerus dentex (non Steindachner & Kner • Osmerus mordax (Non Mitchill
Similar Species
Members of the genus Osmerus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 10 species and subspecies in this genus:
O. dentex (Pacific Rainbow Smelt) · O. elongatus (Whitebait Smelt) · O. eperlanus (Atlantic Rainbow Smelt) · O. japonicus (Japanese Smelt) · O. mordax (Atlantic Rainbow Smelt) · O. mordax dentex (Arctic Rainbow Smelt) · O. mordax mordax (American Smelt) · O. nehereus (Bombay Duck (India)) · O. spectrum (Pygmy Smelt) · O. starksi (Night Smelt)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith (1988). Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p.
- Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
- Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
- IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) (1990). 1990 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. 288 p.
- Klein-MacPhee, Grace / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds. 2002. Smelts: Family Osmeridae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 162-170. ISBN: 1-56098-951-3.
- Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr (1991). A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p.
- Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov (1997). An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736.
- Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.
- Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman (1973). Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- FishBase
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 18, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
- Matsuura, Keiichi (from FishBase).
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5580404
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-60064
- Fishbase Species ID: 253
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13598384
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 162043
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 119050
Footnotes
- Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman (1973). Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966. [back]
- Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith (1988). Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. [back]
- Mitchill, S.L. (1814). Report in part of Samuel L. Mitchill, M.D., on the fishes of New York. New York. 28 p. (reprinted, 1898 with an introduction and concordance of species by T.N. Gill). [back]
- Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. [back]
- Mean = 101.350 meters (332.513 feet), Standard Deviation = 225.240 based on 973 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
