Overview
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Extinct in the Wild |
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Interesting Facts
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- Scimitar-horned Oryx (Oryx dammah) was once one of the most common large mammals of northern Africa. Overhunting for the animal’s meat, hide and magnificent horns, combined with habitat loss and caused major declines in the species and by the end of the 20th century none were known to remain in the wild. Currently listed as Extinct in the Wild, the species is now part of a major captive breeding and reintroduction programme. (Ref 100465)
Common Names
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Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Sahara oryx, Scimitar Oryx, Scimitar-horned Oryx
Common Names in French:
Oryx algazelle, Oryx de libye
Common Names in Russian:
Антилопа саблерогая
Common Names in Spanish:
Orix de cimitarra
Description
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Physical Description
Size/Age/Growth
Body Length: 160-175 cm / 5.3-5.8 ft . Shoulder Height: 110-125 cm / 3.6-4.1 ft. Tail Length: 60 cm / 2 ft. Weight: 180-200 kg / 395-440 lb .
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [1].
Ecology:
Primarily inhabits sub-desert, annual
grassland steppe
areas. Found
in rolling dunes, grassy steppes and wooded inter-dunal depressions
,
rarely entering true desert or true Sahelian bush
. The Scimitar-horned
Oryx is well adapted to arid
areas.[1].
List of Habitats
:
- 2 Savanna
- 2.1 Savanna - Dry
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 8 Desert
- 8.1 Desert - Hot
Taxonomy
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- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
()
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Mammalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
()
- (Rowe, 1988) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
()
- (Wible et al., 1995) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
()
- McKenna, 1975
- Legion:
Cladotheria
()
- McKenna, 1975
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
()
- McKenna, 1975
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
()
- (McKenna, 1975) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Supercohort:
Theria
()
- (Parker & Haswell, 1897) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Cohort:
Placentalia
()
- (Owen, 1837) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
()
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
()
- (McKenna, 1975) McKenna, in Stucky & McKenna, in Benton, ed., 1993
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
()
- (C. Linnaeus, 1766) McKenna, 1975
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
()
- McKenna, 1975
- Order:
Cetartiodactyla
()
- Owen, 1848
- Suborder:
Ruminantia
()
- Scopoli, 1777
- Superfamily:
Bovoidea
()
- (Gray, 1821) Simpson, 1931
- Family:
Bovidae
()
- Gray, 1821
- Subfamily:
Hippotraginae
()
- Tribe:
Hippotragini
()
- Genus:
Oryx
()
- de Blainville, 1816
- Specific name:
dammah
- (Cretzschmar, 1827)
- Scientific name: - Oryx dammah (Cretzschmar, 1826) (Cretzschmar, 1827)
- Specific name:
dammah
- (Cretzschmar, 1827)
- Genus:
Oryx
(
- Tribe:
Hippotragini
(
- Subfamily:
Hippotraginae
(
- Family:
Bovidae
(
- Superfamily:
Bovoidea
(
- Suborder:
Ruminantia
(
- Order:
Cetartiodactyla
(
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
(
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
(
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
- Class:
Mammalia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Oryx dammah (Cretzschmar, 1826)
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 22-Apr-2004
Similar Species
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Members of the genus Oryx
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 9 species and subspecies in this genus:
O. beisa (Beisa Oryx) · O. beisa beisa (Beisa Oryx) · O. beisa callotis (Fringe-Eared Oryx) · O. dammah (Scimitar-Horned Oryx) · O. gazella (South African Oryx) · O. gazella beisa (Beisa Oryx) · O. gazella callotis (Fringe-Eared Oryx) · O. gazella gazella (Gemsbok) · O. leucoryx (Arabian Oryx)
More Info
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- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
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- 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1993 url p. 28.
- Annotated CITES Appendices and Reservations CITES, WCMC url p. 62.
- Annotated CITES appendices and reservations 1988 IUCN url p. 38.
- Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 5, October 1990: programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) IUCN url p. 11.
- Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 275, p. 342, p. 352.
- Checklist of CITES Species CITES, WCMC url p. 190, p. 191, p. 217, p. 218, p. 50.
- Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 180, p. 212, p. 214, p. 239, p. 201, p. 228, p. 50.
- Checklist of mammals listed in the CITES appendices and in EC Regulation 338/97 JNCC url p. 96.
- Checklists for the CORINE Biotopes Programme and its application in the PHARE countries of Central and East Europe: including comparisons with relevant conventions and agreements on the conservation of European species and habitats EC url p. 150.
- Ecologically sensitive sites in Africa / Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 1993. url p. 24, p. 55.
- IUCN Directory of Afrotropical Protected Areas IUCN, UNEP url p. 1026, p. 128, p. 468, p. 470.
- MAB Information System: Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: Supplement January 1988 UNESCO, IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url .
- Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 576, p. 607.
- Protected Areas of the World: a review of national systems. Vol 3: Afrotropical IUCN url p. 166, p. 202.
- Review of the status and conservation actions for CMS concerted action species UNEP-WCMC, CMS Secretariat url , p. 31, p. 36.
- The Marine Mammal Commission compendium of selected treaties, international agreements, and other relevant documents on marine resources, wildlife, and the environment / compiled by Richard L. Wallace. Washington, D.C.: The Commission; 1994 url p. 624, p. 675.
- The World's Protected Areas. Status, Values and Prospects in the 21st Century UNEP-WCMC url p. 352, p. 60.
- The contemporary land mammals of Egypt (including Sinai) / Dale J. Osborn, Ibrahim Helmy. 5 1980 [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1980. url p. 480, p. ix.
- The mammals of Africa: country lists. Draft document IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre, UNEP, WWF url .
- World Checklist of Threatened Mammals JNCC url p. 101.
Notes
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Contributors
- Antelope Specialist Group 2007. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 30, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 05, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2008. Oryx dammah. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 03February2012.
- Mallon, D. and Kingswood, S. 2000. Oryx dammah. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 05, 2008:
- Israel Nature and Parks Authority
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 106264
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-625179
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13822684
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 625179
- IUCN ID: 228900
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 5032
Footnotes
- IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2008. Oryx dammah. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 February 2012. [back]
