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Oporornis philadelphia

(Mourning Warbler)

Conservation Status

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Population Analysis

  • For the 56,576 species in the Class Aves (Birds), we average 371.87 observations each in our database; for the Mourning Warbler, we have 3,615 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is somewhat common.
  • A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the Mourning Warbler is the same as the trend in observations of Aves. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=5.829, p<0.001)
  • How do observation rates of the Mourning Warbler differ from those of Aves? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Aves that were observations of the Mourning Warbler each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of the Mourning Warbler are becoming more common relative to other species of Aves, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is negative (r=-.62), with a negative slope (m = -.002), suggesting that the Mourning Warbler may be in decline relative to other species of Aves. This correlation is statistically significant. (F = 32.48, p<.05)
  • The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Aves each year that were observations of the Mourning Warbler.

Taxonomy

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  • Domain: Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Physical Description

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Family Fringillidae:

A Family of seed-eating, small to moderately large passerine birds that have strong, stubby beaks, which in some species can be quite large. They have a bouncing flight, alternating flapping with gliding on closed wings. Most sing well.

Adult Female:

Head: light gray Crown: light gray Neck: Nape: light gray Throat: grayish white Body: Chest: gray to gray-brown Underparts: yellow Upperparts: olive-green Legs: Foot Color: pink Leg Color: pink Tail: olive-green.

Adult Male:

Head: Hood: gray Body: Breast: black Underparts: yellow Upperparts: olive-green Legs: Foot Color: pink Leg Color: pink Tail: Undertail Coverts: long, yellow.

Size/Age/Growth:

About 5.25 inches long, with a wingspan of 8.25 to 8.25 inches. Adults weigh about 0.5 ounces.

Images:

Distribution

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Range and Population

North America; Caribbean

Habitat

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Found in wood margins and cut-over forests.

Diet

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Primarily:

Insects

Reproduction

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  • Breeding Habitat: Successional-scrub
  • Nest Location: Ground-low nesting
  • Nest Type: Open-cup
  • Clutch Size: 3-5
  • Length of Incubation: 12 days
  • Days to Fledge: 7-9

Migration

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Migratory

Similar Species

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Connecticut Warbler

Members of the genus Oporornis:

There are approximately 20 species and subspecies in this genus: O. agilis (Connecticut Warbler) · O. f formosa · O. facmosa · O. fomosus · O. formosa · O. formosus (Kentucky Warbler) · O. nelsoni · O. philadelphia (Mourning Warbler) · O. philadelphia x · O. philadelpia · O. tolmei · O. tolmiei (Macgillivray's Warbler) · O. tolmiei austinsmithi · O. tolmiei f · O. tolmiei m · O. tolmiei monticola · O. tolmiei or · O. tolmiei ssp · O. tolmiei tolmiei (Macgillivray's Warbler) · O. tolmiei tomiei

Bibliography

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  • Alsop, Fred J. III. Birds of North America - Eastern Region. First American Edition. Smithsonian Handbooks. DK Publishing, Inc. 2001.
  • Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
  • Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C., USA. 79.
  • Ehrlich, P., Dobkin, D., and Wheye, D. (1988). The Birders Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds. New York: Simon and Schuster Inc. (info on clutch size, length of incubation, days to fledge and number of broods.)
  • Robbins, C.S., Bruun, B., Zim, H.S., (1966). Birds of North America. New York: Western Publishing Company, Inc. (Length and wingspan info.)

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors:

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 14, 2008:

  • Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
  • Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
  • Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
  • Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
  • Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
  • Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
  • Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
  • Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
  • Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
  • Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
  • Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Bird Collection
  • Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
  • New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
  • UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
  • UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
  • University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers:

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Last Revised: May 19, 2008