Overview
Family : Minnows or carps .
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Czech:
Jelecek Aterinovit, Jeleček aterinovitý
Common Names in English:
Common emerald shiner, Emerald Parrotfish, emerald shiner, Lake emerald shiner, Lake shiner, Shiner
Common Names in Finnish:
Sädehohtaja
Common Names in French:
méné émeraude, Méné émeraude
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
銀側美洲鱥, 银侧美洲鱥
Description
Physical Description
Species Notropis atherinoides
Body: Mouth
and snout: Terminal
and oblique
, without any teeth. No
barbels
. Snout rounded. Body patterning, color, and scales
: Solid
color: back blue-green to iridescent
olive; flanks silver; belly
cream or white. Preserved specimens may have a broad but diffuse
lateral stripe
posteriorly. Dorsal scales lightly to moderately outlined
in dark pigment. Fins
with little pigment. 36-41 cycloid lateral
line
scales, rounded
in shape
. Body shape and size: Body generally
fusiform
to slightly laterally compressed
, oval
in cross
section
.
Typically 35-85 mm (1.5-3.5 in) TL
; maximum about 125 mm (5 in).
Fins: Tail, dorsal and other fins: Forked
tail. Single dorsal fin
with 8 rays and no spines. Pelvic fins abdominal
. No adipose fin
.
Anal fin with 10-12 rays (usually 11) and no spines.
Distinguishing characteristics: The emerald shiner can be distinguished
by its round
lateral-line scales, 10-12 anal fin rays, by its lack
of barbels and its terminal mouth
, and by its pre-dorsal scales,
which are similar in size and spacing to the flank scales. See also
similar species information.
Breeding adults
: Males have minute tubercles
on pectoral fin.
Juveniles
: Similar to adults.
Habitat
Inhabits lakes and pools and runs of medium to large rivers . Most common in clear water over sand or gravel .
Biome: Marine .
Biology
Diet
Moves to the surface at dusk to feed on microcrustaceans, midge larvae, and algae; descends to deeper waters at daybreak[1].
Reproduction
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Science at Virginia Tech (VT-FIW, 2001) states that "in anadromous populations, females mature a year later than males. A. pseudoharengus matures between the ages of 3 and 5. The fecundity of oceanic female is 48,000 - 360,000 eggs . Landlocked fish mature between 1 and 3 years of age and their fecundity is between 13,200 and 49,200 eggs. Spawning occurs from March to May in tidal freshwater streams and ponds . After spawning, adults return to the sea . Inland populations spawn from April to August in the shallow areas of lakes and streams. Adults pair during spawning and swim in spirals to the surface. The eggs of A. pseudoharengus are non-adhesive and sink to the bottom of calm, still waters ." Spawning occurs at night.
Behavior
Predators:
Preyed upon by birds (gulls, terns, mergansers, cormorants) and fishes [1].
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
)
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
)
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
)
- Order:
Cypriniformes
(
)
- Family:
Cyprinidae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Leuciscinae
(
)
- Genus:
Notropis
(
)
- Rafinesque, 1818
- Specific name:
atherinoides
- Rafinesque, 1818
- Form:
.
- Scientific name: - the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Service
- Form:
.
- Specific name:
atherinoides
- Rafinesque, 1818
- Genus:
Notropis
(
- Subfamily:
Leuciscinae
(
- Family:
Cyprinidae
(
- Order:
Cypriniformes
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Alburnellus jaculus Cope • Alburnus acutus Lapham • Alburnus dilectus Girard • Alburnus lepidulus Girard • Alburnus nitidus Kirtland • Alburnus oligaspis Cope • Alburnus rubellus (Non Agassiz • Leuciscus copii Günther • Minulus dinemus Rafinesque • Notropis atherinoides caddonis Meek • Notropis louisianae Evermann
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: Data
last modified by FishBase 17-May-1994
Similar Species
Fish Name Mouth Body Pigmentation Other Distinguishing Features Similarity Index Comments Bigmouth Shiner Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Tan back, silver sides, cream belly. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore, giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side Mouth length greater than eye diameter; usually 8 anal fin rays, occasionally 7 or 9 Very similar Unless otherwise noted, all species typically have 8 anal rays, 8 dorsal rays, 41 or fewer lateral line scales (less than 2 times as tall as wide), a silvery peritoneum with an intestine shorter than the total length, a mouth length less than eye diameter, and an infraorbital canl on the head that is complete (extends behind and under eye). Brassy Minnow Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Silvery, golden, or brassy cast, but without distinctive dark pigmentation of scale margins or lateral-line pores Black peritoneum, long gut with intestine 3.8-4.1 X TL; dorsal fin tip rounded; eye diameter greater than length from corner of mouth to snout tip Very similar See 1st row. Channel Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays; lateral-line scales 2-3 times as tall as wide Very similar See 1st row. Also see note under Distinguishing Characteristics in Attribute Details! Emerald Shiner Terminal, oblique Back blue-green to iridescent in life, silvery on sides, cream on belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Diffuse posterior lateral stripe in preserved fish. 10-12 (usually 11) anal fin rays N/A See 1st row. Ghost Shiner Terminal, slightly oblique Silvery and pale. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; pigment also on posterior top of head. No other dark pigment on body Infraorbital sensory canal on head largely absent Very similar See 1st row. Mimic Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays; lateral-line scales 3 times as tall as wide Very similar See 1st row. Also see note under Distinguishing Characteristics in Attribute Details! Mississippi Silvery Minnow Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Silvery cast, but without distinctive dark pigmentation of scale margins or lateral-line pores Black peritoneum, long gut with intestine 5.4-5.8 X TL; dorsal fin tip pointed; eye diameter less than length from corner of mouth to snout tip. Usually 8, occasionally 9, anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Pallid Shiner Slightly subterminal, nearly horizontal Dark lateral stripe sometimes present, extending on to snout. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no other pigment on body Usually 8, occasionally 9, anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Pugnose Minnow Superior, strongly oblique to nearly vertical Dark lateral stripe sometimes present. Lightly pigmented area above lateral line and dorsal scales moderately outlined in pigment 9 dorsal fin rays; 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Redfin Shiner Terminal, oblique Dark gray or blackish on back grading to silvery and cream on sides and belly; diffuse broad dark lateral stripe in some preserved specimens. Dark diffuse spot at anterior base of dorsal fin. 41-48 lateral-line scales; 10-12 (usually 11) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. River Shiner Terminal, slightly oblique Tan to silvery on back and sides, cream on belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Mid dorsal stripe continuous around dorsal fin; sometimes faint 7 (rarely 8) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Rosyface/Carmine Shiner Terminal, oblique Dark olive back, silver sides, cream belly. Head and body red in breeers. Dorsal scales lightly to moderately outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores 9-11 (usually 10) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Sand Shiner Terminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 7 (rarely 8) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Spottail Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan/olive back, silver sides, cream belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Dark spot at base of caudal fin 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row.
Members of the genus Notropis
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 144 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
N. rubescens (Gulf of Mexico Fringed Sole) · N. aguirrepequenoi (Soto La Marina Shiner) · N. albeolus (White Shiner) · N. albizonatus (Palezone Shiner) · N. alborus (Whitemouth Shiner) · N. altipinnis (Highfin Shiner) · N. altipinnis altipinnis (Highfin Shiner) · N. amabilis (Texas Shiner) · N. amecae (Ameca Shiner) · N. ammophilus (Orangefin Shiner) · N. amnis (Pallid Shiner) · N. amoenus (Comely Shiner) · N. amplamala (Longjaw Minnow) · N. anogenus (Pugnose Shiner) · N. ardens (Rosefin Shiner) · N. ariommus (Popeye Shiner) · N. asperifrons (Burrhead Shiner?74 Names of Fishes) · N. atherinoides (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. atherinoides atherinoides (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. atherinoides dilectus (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. athernoides (Ricardo's Squeaker) · N. atrapiculus (Smalleye Shiner) · N. atrocaudalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. aulidion (Durango Shiner) · N. baileyi (Rough Shiner) · N. bairdi (Red River Shiner) · N. bairdi buccula (Smalleye Shiner) · N. bifrenatus (Bridle Shiner) · N. blennius (River Shiner) · N. boops (Bigeye Shiner) · N. boucardi (Balsas Shiner) · N. braytoni (Tamaulipas Shiner) · N. buccatus (Silverjaw Minnow) · N. buccula (Smalleye Shiner) · N. buchanani (Ghost Shiner) · N. caeruleus (Blue Shiner) · N. cahabae (Cahaba Shiner) · N. calientis (Yellow Shiner) · N. callitaenia (Bluestripe Shiner) · N. candidus (Silverside Shiner) · N. cardinalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. cayuga atrocaudalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. chalybaeus (Ironcolor Shiner) · N. chihuahua (Chihuahua Shiner) · N. chiliticus (Redlip Rubberlip) · N. chlorocephalus (Greenhead Shiner) · N. chrosomus (Rainbow Shiner) · N. coccogenis (Warpaint Shiner) · N. cumingii (Atoyac Chub) · N. cummingsae (Dusky Shiner) · N. dorsalis (Bigmouth Shiner) · N. edwardraneyi (Fluvial Shiner) · N. euryzonus (Broadnose Worm Eel) · N. formosus (Beautiful Shiner) · N. fumeus (Ribbon Shiner) · N. galacturus (Whitetail Shiner) · N. gibbsi (Tallapoosa Shiner) · N. girardi (Arkansas River Shiner) · N. greenei (Wedgespot Shiner) · N. harperi (Redeye Shiner) · N. heterodon (Blackchin Guitarfish) · N. heterolepis (Blacknose Shiner) · N. heterolepsis (European Pike-Perch) · N. hubbsi (Bluehead Shiner) · N. hudsonius (Spot-Tail Minnow) · N. hudsonius amarus (Shiner) · N. hudsonius hudsonius (Spot-Tail Minnow) · N. hudsonius selene (Shiner) · N. hypselopterus (Sailfin Shiner) · N. hypsilepis (Highscale Shiner) · N. hypsinotus (Highback Chub) · N. imeldae (Sardinita De Rio Verde) · N. jemezanus (Rio Grande Minnow) · N. leedsi (Bannerfin Shiner) · N. leuciodus (Tennessee Shiner) · N. lineapunctatus (Lined Chub) · N. longirostris (Longnose Shiner) · N. ludibundus (Sand Shiner) · N. lutipinnis (Yellowfin Shiner) · N. lutrensis (Red Shiner) · N. lutrensis lutrensis (Red Shiner) · N. maculatus (Taillight Gulper) · N. mekistocholas (Cape Fear Shiner) · N. melanostomus (Blackmouth Shiner) · N. micropteryx (Highland Shiner) · N. moralesi (Sardinita De Tepelmene) · N. nazas (Nazas Shiner) · N. niveus (Whitefin Shiner) · N. nubilus (Roseate Shiner) · N. orca (Phantom Shiner) · N. ortenburgeri (Kiamichi Shiner) · N. oxyrhynchus (Sharpnose Shiner) · N. ozarcanus (Ozark Shiner) · N. percobromus (Carmine Shiner) · N. perpallidus (Colorless Shiner) · N. petersoni (Coastal Shiner) · N. photogenis (Silver Shiner) · N. pilsbryi (Duskystripe Shiner) · N. potteri (Chub Shiner) · N. procne (Swallowtail Shiner)
More Info
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Further Reading
- ... Catalogue of the fishes of New York. By Tarleton H. Bean. .. Albany, University of the state of New York, 1903. url p. 147.
- ... The fishes of Illinois, [Danville, Ill.]Pub. by authority of the State Legislature[1908] url , , , .
- ... The fishes of Illinois, by Stephen Alfred Forbes. .. and Robert Earl Richardson, A.M. [Danville, Ill.]: Pub. by authority of the state Legislature, [1908] url , p. 100, p. 101, p. 151, p. 85.
- ... The genera of fishes. .. A contribution to the stability of scientific nomenclature. By David Starr Jordan. Stanford University, Calif., The University, 1917-1920. url p. 108.
- 1990-1991 annual progress report, long-term Illinois River fish population monitoring program / Richard E. Sparks and K. Douglas Blodgett. Havana, Ill.: Illinois Natural History Survey, River Research Laboratory of the Forbes Biological Station, 1991. url p. 50.
- A biological survey of the Erie-Niagara system. Supplemental to Eighteenth annual report, 1928. Albany, J. B. Lyon company, printers, 1929. url p. 158, p. 175, p. 180, p. 188.
- A biological survey of the Genesee river system. Supplemental to Sixteenth annual report, 1926. Albany, J. B. Lyon company, printers, 1927. url p. 49, p. 50.
- A catalogue of the fishes known to inhabit the waters of North America, north of the Tropic of Cancer, with notes on the species discovered in 1883 and 1884, by David Starr Jordan. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1885. url p. 27.
- A distributional atlas of Upper Mississippi River fishes / [by] Philip W. Smith, Alvin C. Lopinot [and] William L. Pflieger. Urbana: [s. n.]; 1971. url p. 6.
- A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Report presented at the eighty-ninth annual meeting, Clearwater, Fla., Sept. 16-18, 1959. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960. url p. 14.
- A list of the fishes of Pennsylvania / by Henry W. Fowler. Washington, D.C.: Biological Society of Washington, 1919 url p. 61.
- A manual of land and fresh water vertebrate animals of the United States (exclusive of birds) by Henry Sherring Pratt. .. with 184 illustrations. Philadelphia, Blakiston's[c1923] url p. 76.
- A manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States: including the district north and east of the Ozark mountains, south of the Laurentian hills, north of the southern boundary of Virginia, and east of the Missouri river, inclusive of marine species / Chicago:A. C. McClurg, 1916. url .
- A naturalist in the Great Lakes region, by Elliot Rowland Downing. .. Chicago, Ill.: The University of Chicago Press, [c1922] url , , , , p. 172, p. 316.
- A synoptic list of the fishes known to occur within fifty miles of Chicago, by S. E. Meeks and S. F. Hildebrand. Chicago, 1910. url p. 273.
- Adult and juvenile fish populations near the D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant Southeastern Lake Michigan, during preoperational (1973-74) and operational (1975-79) years / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, the University of Michigan, 1985. url p. 8.
- Adult and juvenile fish, ichthyoplankton and benthos populations in the vicinity of the J. H. Campbell Power Plant, eastern Lake Michigan, 1977 / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1978. url p. 250, p. 500, p. 54.
- Adult, Juvenile, and larval fish populations in the vicinity of the James H. Campbell Plant, 1981: with special reference to the effectiveness of wedge-wire intake screens in reducing entrainment and impringement of fish / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1982. url p. 375, p. 78.
- Adult, juvenile and larval fish in the vicinity of the J.H. Campbell Power Plant, eastern Lake Michigan, 1978 / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1979. url p. 333, p. 563, p. 62.
- Adult, juvenile and larval fish populations in the vicinity of the J.H. Campbell Power Plant, eastern Lake Michigan, 1977-1980 / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1981. url p. 354.
- American food and game fishes: A popular account of all the species found in America north of the equator, with keys of ready identification, life histories and methods of capture New York: Doubleday, Page & co., 1902. url .
- American food and game fishes: a popular account of all the species found in America, north of the equator, with keys for ready identification, life histories and methods of capture, by David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann; with photos. from life by A. Radclyffe Dugmore. New York: Doubleday, Page, 1908, c1902. url p. 562.
- An ecological study of southern Wisconsin fishes; the brook silversides (Labidesthes sicculus) and the cisco (Leucichthys artedi) in their relations to the region, Urbana, Ill., The University of Illinois, c1927 url p. 39, p. 59.
- Animal communities in temperate America: as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology / by Victor E. Shelford. .. Chicago, Ill.: Published for the Geographic Society of Chicago by the University of Chicago Press, [c1937] url p. 356.
- Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. New-York: 1824-1876. url p. 342.
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 307, p. 338.
- Annual report / New York State Museum. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, c1904-1920. url p. 147.
- Annual report of the Ohio State Academy of Science. Columbus: The Academy, 1893-1930. url p. 14, p. 56, p. 58.
- Annual report of the Regents / Albany: J.B. Lyon, State Printer, 1890-1903. url p. 29, p. 95.
- Aquatic community classification and ecosystem diversity in Montana's Missouri River watershed / [Helena, Mont.:Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2005. url .
- Aquatic surveys and assessment of the Slim Buttes region of Harding and Butte Co., SD / prepared for the Montana and South Dakota TNC field offices by David M. Stagliano. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2006. url , .
- Assessment and requirements of sauger and walleye populations in the lower Yellowstone River and it's [sic] tributaries / by Russell F. Penkal. [Helena?]: Dept. of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, [1992] url p. 7.
- Bibliography and catalogue of the fossil vertebrata of North America, by Oliver Perry Hay. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1902. url p. 396.
- Biological series. TorontoUniversity Press [etc.]1898-1956. url p. 36, p. 65.
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- Bulletin / The Geographic Society of Chicago. Chicago, Ill.: Published for the Society by the University of Chicago Press, url .
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- Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1971- url , p. 146, p. 75, p. 76, p. 77, p. 79, p. 80, p. 81, p. 82.
- Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories / Department of the Interior. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1874- url p. 422.
- Check list of the fishes of the Dominion of Canada and Newfoundland. Ottawa, Printed by C. H. Parmelee, 1913. url , .
- Check list of the vertebrates of Ontario and catalogue of specimens in the Biological Section of the Provincial Museum. by C.W. Nash. Toronto: L.K. Cameron, 1908. url p. 43.
- Commercial fisheries review. [Washington]: National Marine Fisheries Service; [for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.] url p. 14, p. 4, p. 4, p. 9.
- Commissioners' report. Toronto: Printed by Warwick & sons, 1892. url , p. 454.
- Contributions to Canadian biology. Toronto, Biological Board of Canada. url p. 22, p. 27, p. 6.
- Contributions to North American ichthyology. Based primarily on the collections of the United States National Museum. Washington: Govt. print. off., 1877-78. url p. 56, p. 64.
- Current bibliography for aquatic sciences and fisheries. London, Taylor & Francis ltd. url p. 259, p. 291.
- Dean bibliography of fishes. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1971-1973. url p. 120, p. 244, p. 252, p. 290, p. 292, p. 320, p. 366.
- Descriptive catalogue of North American Hepaticae, north of Mexico. by Lucien M. Underwood, PH. D. Peoria, Ill., J. W. Franks & sons, 1884 url p. 514, p. 515, p. 516, p. 518, p. 519, p. 520, p. 521, p. 522, p. 525, p. 526, p. 528, p. 529, p. 532, p. 534, p. 535, p. 536.
- Descriptive list of the fishes of Lorain County, Ohio. Oberlin, Pub. by the college, 1892. url .
- Distribution and origin of life in America, by Robert Francis Scharff New York, Macmillan, 1912 url p. 50.
- Diver assessment of the inshore southeastern Lake Michigan environment near the D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant, 1973-1982 / [Ann Arbor, Mich.]: University of Michigan, [1986?]. url p. 160.
- Environmental inventory and assessment of Navigation Pools 24, 25, and 26, Upper Mississippi and Lower Illinois Rivers: an electrofishing survey of the Illinois River / Richard E. Sparks. [Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Water Resources Center], 1977. url p. 26, p. 86.
- Fauna of New England, 8. List of the pisces, by William C. Kendall. Boston, Printed for the [Boston] Society [of Natural History] from the G. Saltonstall Fund, 1908. url p. 29.
- Field distribution and entrainment of fish larvae and eggs at the Donald C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant, southeastern Lake Michigan, 1980-1982 / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, the University of Michigan, 1985. url p. 30.
- Fish and Wildlife Habitat Changes Resulting from Construction of a Nine-Foot Channel on Pools 24, 25, and 26 of the Mississippi River and the Lower Illinois River, Ft. BelvoirDefense Technical Information CenterAPR 1979. url p. 241, p. 445.
- Fish populations of the wild & scenic Missouri River, Montana / [Helena]: Montana Dept. of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, [1981] url .
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- Illinois birds: Ciconiiformes / Jean W. Graber, Richard R. Graber, Ethelyn L. Kirk. Urbana: State of Illinois, Dept. of Registration and Education, Natural History Survey Division, 1978. url p. 47.
- Inshore Lake Michigan fish populations near the D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant during preoperational years, 1973, 1974 / Ann Arbor, Mich.: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1979. url p. 43, p. 516.
- Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url p. 130, p. 190, p. 56.
- Kankakee River fishes of the Braidwood station aquatic monitoring area, August 1988 / [Champaign], Ill.: Illinois Natural History Survey, Jan. 1989. url p. 22.
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Notes
Contributors
- American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- FishBase. Release date: January 5, 2010
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 04, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 12 providers.
- Heemstra, Phillip C. (from FishBase).
- Lyons, John. WiscFish.org University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin Sea Grant. Provided photos, physical description, and table comparing similar species.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 04, 2008:
- Burke Museum: University of Washington Fish Collection
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
- FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
- GBIF-Sweden: Fishes (NRM)
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Atlantic Reference Centre (OBIS Canada)
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
- Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
- Museum national d'histoire naturelle: Ichtyologie
- Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
- Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Fish Collection
- University of Alberta: University of Alberta Ichthology Collection
- University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection
- University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History: Fish specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 133325
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-30368
- Fishbase Species ID: 2824
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13818222
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 163412
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCJB28120
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 17635
Footnotes
- Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman (1973). Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966. [back]
