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Notropis atherinoides

(Common emerald shiner)

Overview

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Family : Minnows or carps .

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Czech:

Jelecek Aterinovit, Jeleček aterinovitý

Common Names in English:

Common emerald shiner, Emerald Parrotfish, emerald shiner, Lake emerald shiner, Lake shiner, Shiner

Common Names in Finnish:

Sädehohtaja

Common Names in French:

méné émeraude, Méné émeraude

Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:

銀側美洲鱥, 银侧美洲鱥

Description

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Physical Description

Species Notropis atherinoides

Body: Mouth and snout: Terminal and oblique , without any teeth. No barbels . Snout rounded. Body patterning, color, and scales : Solid color: back blue-green to iridescent olive; flanks silver; belly cream or white. Preserved specimens may have a broad but diffuse lateral stripe posteriorly. Dorsal scales lightly to moderately outlined in dark pigment. Fins with little pigment. 36-41 cycloid lateral line scales, rounded in shape . Body shape and size: Body generally fusiform to slightly laterally compressed , oval in cross section . Typically 35-85 mm (1.5-3.5 in) TL ; maximum about 125 mm (5 in).

Fins: Tail, dorsal and other fins: Forked tail. Single dorsal fin with 8 rays and no spines. Pelvic fins abdominal . No adipose fin . Anal fin with 10-12 rays (usually 11) and no spines.

Distinguishing characteristics: The emerald shiner can be distinguished by its round lateral-line scales, 10-12 anal fin rays, by its lack of barbels and its terminal mouth , and by its pre-dorsal scales, which are similar in size and spacing to the flank scales. See also similar species information.

Breeding adults : Males have minute tubercles on pectoral fin.

Juveniles : Similar to adults.

Habitat

Inhabits lakes and pools and runs of medium to large rivers . Most common in clear water over sand or gravel .

Biome: Marine .

Biology

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Diet

Moves to the surface at dusk to feed on microcrustaceans, midge larvae, and algae; descends to deeper waters at daybreak[1].

Reproduction

Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Science at Virginia Tech (VT-FIW, 2001) states that "in anadromous populations, females mature a year later than males. A. pseudoharengus matures between the ages of 3 and 5. The fecundity of oceanic female is 48,000 - 360,000 eggs . Landlocked fish mature between 1 and 3 years of age and their fecundity is between 13,200 and 49,200 eggs. Spawning occurs from March to May in tidal freshwater streams and ponds . After spawning, adults return to the sea . Inland populations spawn from April to August in the shallow areas of lakes and streams. Adults pair during spawning and swim in spirals to the surface. The eggs of A. pseudoharengus are non-adhesive and sink to the bottom of calm, still waters ." Spawning occurs at night.

Behavior

Forms schools[1].

Predators:

Preyed upon by birds (gulls, terns, mergansers, cormorants) and fishes [1].

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Alburnellus jaculus Cope • Alburnus acutus Lapham • Alburnus dilectus Girard • Alburnus lepidulus Girard • Alburnus nitidus Kirtland • Alburnus oligaspis Cope • Alburnus rubellus (Non Agassiz • Leuciscus copii Günther • Minulus dinemus Rafinesque • Notropis atherinoides caddonis Meek • Notropis louisianae Evermann

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 17-May-1994

Similar Species

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Fish Name Mouth Body Pigmentation Other Distinguishing Features Similarity Index Comments Bigmouth Shiner Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Tan back, silver sides, cream belly. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore, giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side Mouth length greater than eye diameter; usually 8 anal fin rays, occasionally 7 or 9 Very similar Unless otherwise noted, all species typically have 8 anal rays, 8 dorsal rays, 41 or fewer lateral line scales (less than 2 times as tall as wide), a silvery peritoneum with an intestine shorter than the total length, a mouth length less than eye diameter, and an infraorbital canl on the head that is complete (extends behind and under eye). Brassy Minnow Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Silvery, golden, or brassy cast, but without distinctive dark pigmentation of scale margins or lateral-line pores Black peritoneum, long gut with intestine 3.8-4.1 X TL; dorsal fin tip rounded; eye diameter greater than length from corner of mouth to snout tip Very similar See 1st row. Channel Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays; lateral-line scales 2-3 times as tall as wide Very similar See 1st row. Also see note under Distinguishing Characteristics in Attribute Details! Emerald Shiner Terminal, oblique Back blue-green to iridescent in life, silvery on sides, cream on belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Diffuse posterior lateral stripe in preserved fish. 10-12 (usually 11) anal fin rays N/A See 1st row. Ghost Shiner Terminal, slightly oblique Silvery and pale. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; pigment also on posterior top of head. No other dark pigment on body Infraorbital sensory canal on head largely absent Very similar See 1st row. Mimic Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays; lateral-line scales 3 times as tall as wide Very similar See 1st row. Also see note under Distinguishing Characteristics in Attribute Details! Mississippi Silvery Minnow Slightly subterminal, slightly oblique Silvery cast, but without distinctive dark pigmentation of scale margins or lateral-line pores Black peritoneum, long gut with intestine 5.4-5.8 X TL; dorsal fin tip pointed; eye diameter less than length from corner of mouth to snout tip. Usually 8, occasionally 9, anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Pallid Shiner Slightly subterminal, nearly horizontal Dark lateral stripe sometimes present, extending on to snout. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no other pigment on body Usually 8, occasionally 9, anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Pugnose Minnow Superior, strongly oblique to nearly vertical Dark lateral stripe sometimes present. Lightly pigmented area above lateral line and dorsal scales moderately outlined in pigment 9 dorsal fin rays; 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Redfin Shiner Terminal, oblique Dark gray or blackish on back grading to silvery and cream on sides and belly; diffuse broad dark lateral stripe in some preserved specimens. Dark diffuse spot at anterior base of dorsal fin. 41-48 lateral-line scales; 10-12 (usually 11) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. River Shiner Terminal, slightly oblique Tan to silvery on back and sides, cream on belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Mid dorsal stripe continuous around dorsal fin; sometimes faint 7 (rarely 8) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Rosyface/Carmine Shiner Terminal, oblique Dark olive back, silver sides, cream belly. Head and body red in breeers. Dorsal scales lightly to moderately outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores 9-11 (usually 10) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Sand Shiner Terminal, oblique Tan to silver body. Dorsal scales strongly outlined with dark pigment. Dark pigment blotch above and below each lateral-line pore giving "mouse tracks" appearance along side 7 (rarely 8) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row. Spottail Shiner Terminal to slightly subterminal, oblique Tan/olive back, silver sides, cream belly. Dorsal scales lightly outlined with pigment; little or no pigment on flank scales or lateral pores. Dark spot at base of caudal fin 8 (rarely 7) anal fin rays Very similar See 1st row.

Members of the genus Notropis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 144 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

N. rubescens (Gulf of Mexico Fringed Sole) · N. aguirrepequenoi (Soto La Marina Shiner) · N. albeolus (White Shiner) · N. albizonatus (Palezone Shiner) · N. alborus (Whitemouth Shiner) · N. altipinnis (Highfin Shiner) · N. altipinnis altipinnis (Highfin Shiner) · N. amabilis (Texas Shiner) · N. amecae (Ameca Shiner) · N. ammophilus (Orangefin Shiner) · N. amnis (Pallid Shiner) · N. amoenus (Comely Shiner) · N. amplamala (Longjaw Minnow) · N. anogenus (Pugnose Shiner) · N. ardens (Rosefin Shiner) · N. ariommus (Popeye Shiner) · N. asperifrons (Burrhead Shiner?74 Names of Fishes) · N. atherinoides (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. atherinoides atherinoides (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. atherinoides dilectus (Common Emerald Shiner) · N. athernoides (Ricardo's Squeaker) · N. atrapiculus (Smalleye Shiner) · N. atrocaudalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. aulidion (Durango Shiner) · N. baileyi (Rough Shiner) · N. bairdi (Red River Shiner) · N. bairdi buccula (Smalleye Shiner) · N. bifrenatus (Bridle Shiner) · N. blennius (River Shiner) · N. boops (Bigeye Shiner) · N. boucardi (Balsas Shiner) · N. braytoni (Tamaulipas Shiner) · N. buccatus (Silverjaw Minnow) · N. buccula (Smalleye Shiner) · N. buchanani (Ghost Shiner) · N. caeruleus (Blue Shiner) · N. cahabae (Cahaba Shiner) · N. calientis (Yellow Shiner) · N. callitaenia (Bluestripe Shiner) · N. candidus (Silverside Shiner) · N. cardinalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. cayuga atrocaudalis (Blackspot Shiner) · N. chalybaeus (Ironcolor Shiner) · N. chihuahua (Chihuahua Shiner) · N. chiliticus (Redlip Rubberlip) · N. chlorocephalus (Greenhead Shiner) · N. chrosomus (Rainbow Shiner) · N. coccogenis (Warpaint Shiner) · N. cumingii (Atoyac Chub) · N. cummingsae (Dusky Shiner) · N. dorsalis (Bigmouth Shiner) · N. edwardraneyi (Fluvial Shiner) · N. euryzonus (Broadnose Worm Eel) · N. formosus (Beautiful Shiner) · N. fumeus (Ribbon Shiner) · N. galacturus (Whitetail Shiner) · N. gibbsi (Tallapoosa Shiner) · N. girardi (Arkansas River Shiner) · N. greenei (Wedgespot Shiner) · N. harperi (Redeye Shiner) · N. heterodon (Blackchin Guitarfish) · N. heterolepis (Blacknose Shiner) · N. heterolepsis (European Pike-Perch) · N. hubbsi (Bluehead Shiner) · N. hudsonius (Spot-Tail Minnow) · N. hudsonius amarus (Shiner) · N. hudsonius hudsonius (Spot-Tail Minnow) · N. hudsonius selene (Shiner) · N. hypselopterus (Sailfin Shiner) · N. hypsilepis (Highscale Shiner) · N. hypsinotus (Highback Chub) · N. imeldae (Sardinita De Rio Verde) · N. jemezanus (Rio Grande Minnow) · N. leedsi (Bannerfin Shiner) · N. leuciodus (Tennessee Shiner) · N. lineapunctatus (Lined Chub) · N. longirostris (Longnose Shiner) · N. ludibundus (Sand Shiner) · N. lutipinnis (Yellowfin Shiner) · N. lutrensis (Red Shiner) · N. lutrensis lutrensis (Red Shiner) · N. maculatus (Taillight Gulper) · N. mekistocholas (Cape Fear Shiner) · N. melanostomus (Blackmouth Shiner) · N. micropteryx (Highland Shiner) · N. moralesi (Sardinita De Tepelmene) · N. nazas (Nazas Shiner) · N. niveus (Whitefin Shiner) · N. nubilus (Roseate Shiner) · N. orca (Phantom Shiner) · N. ortenburgeri (Kiamichi Shiner) · N. oxyrhynchus (Sharpnose Shiner) · N. ozarcanus (Ozark Shiner) · N. percobromus (Carmine Shiner) · N. perpallidus (Colorless Shiner) · N. petersoni (Coastal Shiner) · N. photogenis (Silver Shiner) · N. pilsbryi (Duskystripe Shiner) · N. potteri (Chub Shiner) · N. procne (Swallowtail Shiner)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 04, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman (1973). Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966. [back]
Last Revised: 7/14/2012