Mustela nivalis

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,037 meters (0 to 9,964 feet).[1]

Ecology: Weasels tolerate a wide range of habitats , including forests , farmlands and cultivated fields , grassy fields and meadows, riparian woodlands, hedgerows, alpine meadows and forests, scrub , steppe and semi-deserts, prairies, and coastal dunes (Sheffield and King, 1994; Pulliainen, 1999). This species occurs from sea level to at least 3,860 m. It forms dens in crevices among tree roots , in hollow logs , or in abandoned burrows of other species. This species is a specialist diurnal predator of small mammals (especially rodents), although it will also occasionally feed on birds’ eggs , lizards, frogs , salamanders, fish, worms, and carrion (Sheffield and King, 1994). Food may be stored for the winter (Danzig, 1992). Habitat selection is usually determined by local distribution of rodents. Foraging individuals avoid open spaces, where they are most vulnerable to predation by raptors (Sheffield and King, 1994). They prefer dense, rank grassland where microtines (voles and lemmings) are abundant (McDonald pers. comm. ).[2].

List of Habitats:

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.1     Forest - Boreal   
  
•     1.2     Forest - Subarctic   
  
•     1.4     Forest - Temperate   
  
•     3     Shrubland   
  
•     3.3     Shrubland - Boreal   
  
•     3.4     Shrubland - Temperate   
  
•     4     Grassland   
  
•     4.2     Grassland - Subarctic   
  
•     4.4     Grassland - Temperate   
  
•     4.5     Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     5     Wetlands (inland)   
  
•     5.3     Wetlands (inland) - Shrub Dominated Wetlands   
  
•     6     Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks)   
  
•     13     Marine Coastal/Supratidal   
  
•     13.3     Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Sand Dunes   
  
•     14     Artificial/Terrestrial   
  
•     14.1     Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land   
  
•     14.2     Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland   
  
•     14.4     Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens   
  
•     14.5     Artificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-2007

The North American population sometimes is treated as a separate species, Mustela rixosa (Wozencraft 2005).[2].

Similar Species

Members of the genus Mustela

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 41 species and subspecies in this genus:

M. africana (Tropical Weasel) · M. altaica (Altai Weasel) · M. erminea (Short-Tailed Weasel) · M. erminea anguinae (Vancouver Island Ermine) · M. erminea celenda (Prince of Wales Island Ermine) · M. erminea erminea (Short-Tailed Weasel) · M. erminea haidarum (Queen Charlotte Islands Ermine) · M. erminea kadiacensis (Ermine) · M. erminea seclusa (Ermine) · M. eversmanii (Steppe Polecat) · M. eversmannii (Steppe Polecat) · M. felipei (Colombian Weasel) · M. felipeide la (Colombian Weasel) · M. frenata (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata altifrontalis (Washington Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata frenata (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata latriostra (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata longicauda (Prairie Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata olivacea (Southeastern Weasel) · M. frenata peninsulae (Long-Tailed Florida Weasel) · M. frenata primulina (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. itatsi (Japanese Weasel) · M. kathiah (Yellow-Bellied Weasel) · M. kathiah kathiah (Yellow-Bellied Weasel) · M. lutreola (Mink) · M. lutreolina (Indonesian Mountain Weasel) · M. macrodon (And Polecats) · M. nigripes (Black-Footed Ferret) · M. nivalis (Least Weasel) · M. nudipes (Malay Weasel) · M. putorius (European Ferret) · M. putorius furo (Domestic Ferret) · M. sibirica (Siberian Weasel) · M. sibirica sibirica (Siberian Weasel) · M. strigidorsa (Stripe-Backed Weasel) · M. subpalmata (Egyptian Weasel) · M. vison (American Mink) · M. vison halilimnetes (Gulf Salt Marsh Mink) · M. vison lutensis (Florida Mink) · M. vison macrodon (Sea Mink) · M. vulgaris (Black Spotted Smooth Hound)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Tikhonov, A., Cavallini, P., Maran, T., Kranz, A., Herrero, J., Giannatos, G., Stubbe, M., Conroy, J., Kryštufek, B., Abramov, A., Wozencraft, C., Reid, F. & McDonald, R. 2008. Mustela nivalis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 02February2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Mammal Research Institute PAS, Mammal Collection
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
• Michigan State University Museum, Vertebrate specimens
• Museum of Texas Tech University
• , Mammal specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum, Mammal specimens
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Mammal Collection
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Biological Records Centre - Mammal records from Britain from the Atlas of Mammals
• , with some subsequent records
• University of Navarra, Museum of Zoology, Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 105666
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-727300
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 1043097
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180554
• IUCN ID: 224735
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMAJF02020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 7818

Footnotes

1. Mean = 201.300 meters (660.433 feet), Standard Deviation = 303.740 based on 9,651 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. Tikhonov, A., Cavallini, P., Maran, T., Kranz, A., Herrero, J., Giannatos, G., Stubbe, M., Conroy, J., Kryštufek, B., Abramov, A., Wozencraft, C., Reid, F. & McDonald, R. 2008. Mustela nivalis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.