Mustela frenata

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

A long, thin body helps this weasel pursue small rodents into burrows or through fences. Its brown coat may change to white in winter.

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,653 meters (0 to 15,266 feet).[1]

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 28-Oct-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Mustela

There are approximately 187 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

M. (Putorius) putorius · M. africana (Tropical Weasel) · M. africana africana · M. africana stolzmanni · M. allegheniensis · M. altaica (Mountain Weasel) · M. altaica raddei · M. altaica temon · M. americana · M. americanus · M. arizonensis · M. aureoventris · M. barbara · M. brasiliensis · M. buwaldi · M. canadensis · M. canigula · M. cicognanii · M. cicognanii cicognanii · M. erminea (Short-Tailed Weasel) · M. erminea aestiva · M. erminea alascensis · M. erminea anguinae (Vancouver Island Ermine) · M. erminea arctica · M. erminea bangsi · M. erminea celenda (Prince of Wales Island Ermine) · M. erminea cicognanii · M. erminea cicognanni · M. erminea cocognanii · M. erminea erminea (Short-Tailed Weasel) · M. erminea fallenda · M. erminea ferghanae · M. erminea gulosa · M. erminea haidarum (Queen Charlotte Islands Ermine) · M. erminea hibernica · M. erminea initis · M. erminea invicta · M. erminea kadiacensis (Kodiak Island Ermine) · M. erminea minima · M. erminea muricus · M. erminea nippon · M. erminea olympica · M. erminea polaris · M. erminea richardsonii · M. erminea salva · M. erminea seclusa (Suemez Island Ermine) · M. erminea semplei · M. erminea stabilis · M. erminea streatori · M. erminea transbaikalica · M. erminia cicognanii · M. eversmanii · M. eversmanii hungarica · M. eversmanni · M. eversmannii (Steppe Polecat) · M. eversmannii amurensis · M. eversmanni pallidus · M. felipei (Colombian Weasel) · M. felipeide la (Colombian Weasel) · M. foina · M. frenata (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata agilis · M. frenata alleni · M. frenata altifrontalis (Washington Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata arthuri · M. frenata boliviensis · M. frenata costaricensis · M. frenata effera · M. frenata frenata (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata goldmani · M. frenata inyoensis · M. frenata latirostra · M. frenata latriostra (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata leucoparia · M. frenata longicauda (Prairie Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata longicuda · M. frenata macrophonius · M. frenata munda · M. frenata neomexicana · M. frenata neomexicanus · M. frenata nevadensis · M. frenata nicaraguae · M. frenata nigriauris · M. frenata novaboracensis · M. frenata noveboracensis · M. frenata occisor · M. frenata olivacea (Southeastern Weasel) · M. frenata oregonensis · M. frenata oribasus · M. frenata panamensis · M. frenata peninsulae (Long-Tailed Florida Weasel) · M. frenata perda · M. frenata perotae · M. frenata primulina (Long-Tailed Weasel) · M. frenata pulchra · M. frenata spadix · M. frenata tropicalis · M. frenata washingtoni · M. frenata xanthogenys · M. furo

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Further Reading

• A catalogue of the collection of mammals in the Field Columbian Museum. Chicago: Field Columbian Museum, 1907. ENG url p. 453, p. 629.
• A check list of mammals of the North American continent, the West Indies and the neighboring seas. Chicago, 1905. ENG url p. 431, p. 431, p. 637, p. 637.
• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. ENG url p. 4.
• An Arctic ecosystem: the coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska / edited by Jerry Brown [et al.]. Stroudsburg, Pa.: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross: c1980. ENG url p. 369.
• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 700.
• Annals and magazine of natural history: including zoology, botany and geology London. url p. 309.
• Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Nicolai, 1835- GER url p. 286, p. 287, p. 52, p. 98.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] ENG url p. 10, p. 105, p. 22, p. 23, p. 26, p. 41, p. 50, p. 58, p. 58, p. 59.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 1203, p. 123, p. 370, p. 617, p. 70, p. 71, p. 734, p. 735, p. 737, p. 738, p. 739, p. 75, p. 827, p. 844, p. 877, p. 882, p. 99.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 183, p. 415.
• Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. Andover: Intercept. ENG url p. 79, p. 80.
• Catalogue of carnivorous, pachydermatous and edentate Mammalia in the Museum / by J.E. Gray London, 1869. ENG url p. 92.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. ENG url p. 1001.
• Catalogue of the bones of mammalia in the collection of the British Museum / [compiled by Edward Gerrard]. London: printed by Taylor and Francis, by order of the Trustees, 1862 ENG url p. 94.
• Compendium der Helminthologie. Ein Verzeichniss der bekannten Helminthen, die frei oder in thierischen Körpern leben, geordnet nach ihren Wohnthieren, unter Angabe der Organe, in denen sie gefunden sind, und mit Beifügung der Litte von O. von Linstow. Hannover: Hahn'sche Buchhandlung, 1878. GER url p. 16.
• Ectoparasites of Panama. Rupert L. Wenzel [and] Vernon J. Tipton, editors. Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1966. ENG url p. 183, p. 212, p. 270, p. 311, p. 742, p. 789, p. 821.
• Entomological news. [Philadelphia]American Entomological Society, 1925- ENG url p. 137, p. 25.
• Evolution of neotropical cricetine rodents (Muridae) with special reference to the phyllotine group. [Chicago]Chicago Natural History Museum, 1962. ENG url p. 46.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. ENG url p. 108.
• Fleas of eastern United States, by Irving Fox Ames, Ia., The Iowa State College Press, 1940. ENG url p. 37.
• Fur-bearing animals: a monograph of North American Mustelidae, in which an account of the wolverene, the martens or sables, the ermine, the mink and various other kinds of weasels, several species of skunks, the badger, t By Elliott Coues. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1877. ENG url p. 142.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. ENG url p. 134, p. 141, p. 173, p. 184, p. 24.
• Handbook of mammals of Kansas / by E. Raymond Hall. Lawrence, Kansas: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1955. ENG url p. 200, p. 201, p. 301, p. 302.
• Mammals of America; technical editor, H. E. Anthony artists, Carl Rungius, Belmore Browne, George A. King New York, The University Society, inc.[c1917] ENG url p. 125.
• Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. Lawrence, University of Kansas, 1946-1996. ENG url p. 14, p. 14, p. 50, p. 53, p. 59, p. 78.
• Name that animal; a guide to the identification of the common land and fresh-water animals of the United States, with special reference to the area east of the Rockies. With drawings by Olive Driver. [Northampton? Mass., 1950] ENG url p. 501, p. 502.
• Naturalist (Morris) London. url p. 90.
• Occasional papers of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas: The University, 1971-1994. ENG url p. 10, p. 17, p. 22, p. 32, p. 37, p. 7.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia] ENG url p. 95.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 261, p. 452, p. 597, p. 615.
• Protozoan parasites of domestic animals and of man. Minneapolis, Burgess Pub. Co.[1961] ENG url p. 396.
• Readings in mammalogy: selected from the original literature and introduced with comments / by J. Knox Jones, Jr. and Sydney Anderson. [Lawrence]Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1970. ENG url p. 234, p. 245, p. 247, p. 353.
• Report on the progress and condition of the U.S. National Museum for the year ending June 30 / Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum. Washington: G.P.O., 1907-1951. ENG url p. 157.
• Sex and internal secretions. Contributors: A. Albert [and others] Foreword by George W. Corner. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1961. ENG url p. 1608, p. 882.
• Small Carnivore Specialist Group. For more information, see the Specialist Group website
• Studies in neotropical mammalogy: essays in honor of Philip Hershkovitz / edited by Bruce D. Patterson, Robert M. Timm. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1987. ENG url p. 18, p. 19.
• Systematic results of the study of North American land mammals to the close of the year 1900, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., and James A. G. Rehn. Boston, Society of Natural History, 1901. ENG url p. 225.
• The Great Basin naturalist. Provo, Utah, M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University. ENG url p. 10, p. 127, p. 149, p. 366, p. 438, p. 458, p. 497, p. 522, p. 578, p. 609, p. 68, p. 68, p. 71, p. 72, p. 73, p. 75, p. 76, p. 93, p. 93.
• The University of Kansas science bulletin. [Lawrence]: University of Kansas, 1902-1996. ENG url p. 1376.
• The ecology of Tijuana Estuary, California: a national estuarine research reserve / by Joy B. Zedler, Christopher S. Nordby and Barbara E. Kus. [Washington, D.C.: NOAA Office of Coastal Resource Management, Sanctuaries and Reserves Division], 1992. ENG url p. 28.
• The mammalian egg. Springfield, Ill., Thomas[1961] ENG url p. 175.
• Trematodes of the Pacific Northwest, an annotated catalog [by] Ivan Pratt [and] James E. McCauley. Corvallis, Oregon State University Press[1961] ENG url p. 24.
• University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. Lawrence, University of Kansas. ENG url p. 14, p. 15, p. 155, p. 166, p. 168, p. 169, p. 17, p. 171, p. 172, p. 174, p. 187, p. 189, p. 19, p. 191, p. 191, p. 193, p. 194, p. 195, p. 196, p. 196, p. 197, p. 199, p. 201, p. 202, p. 203, p. 204, p. 205, p. 206, p. 207, p. 209, p. 211, p. 213, p. 215, p. 217, p. 219, p. 221, p. 223, p. 225, p. 227, p. 23, p. 231, p. 232, p. 233, p. 235, p. 237, p. 239, p. 241, p. 243, p. 244, p. 245, p. 246, p. 247, p. 247, p. 249, p. 251, p. 253, p. 255, p. 257, p. 259, p. 26, p. 261, p. 261, p. 262, p. 263, p. 265, p. 267, p. 267, p. 268, p. 268, p. 269, p. 27, p. 270, p. 271, p. 273, p. 275, p. 276, p. 277, p. 279, p. 280, p. 283, p. 285, p. 287, p. 289, p. 29, p. 291, p. 293, p. 295, p. 297, p. 299, p. 30, p. 301, p. 301, p. 303, p. 304, p. 305, p. 307, p. 309, p. 311, p. 313, p. 314, p. 315, p. 316, p. 317, p. 319, p. 321, p. 323, p. 325, p. 327, p. 328, p. 329, p. 33, p. 331, p. 332, p. 333, p. 335, p. 337, p. 338, p. 338, p. 339, p. 34, p. 341, p. 343, p. 347, p. 349, p. 35, p. 351, p. 353, p. 355, p. 357, p. 359, p. 36, p. 361, p. 363, p. 365, p. 367, p. 369, p. 37, p. 371, p. 373, p. 375, p. 377, p. 378, p. 379, p. 38, p. 38, p. 381, p. 383, p. 385, p. 387, p. 389, p. 39, p. 391, p. 393, p. 395, p. 397, p. 397, p. 399, p. 40, p. 401, p. 402, p. 403, p. 404, p. 405, p. 406, p. 407, p. 408, p. 41, p. 410, p. 413, p. 414, p. 415, p. 42, p. 420, p. 422, p. 424, p. 426, p. 428, p. 430, p. 439, p. 44, p. 458, p. 458, p. 46, p. 5, p. 50, p. 51, p. 53, p. 535, p. 536, p. 54, p. 541, p. 57, p. 58, p. 596, p. 6, p. 620, p. 64, p. 640, p. 65, p. 663, p. 689, p. 692, p. 693, p. 694, p. 695, p. 72, p. 73, p. 74, p. 75, p. 77, p. 77, p. 78, p. 79, p. 8, p. 81, p. 82, p. 83, p. 87, p. 9.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. xviii + 1207. ISBN: 1-56098-217-9.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 21, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 13, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 21 providers.
• Mustelid Specialist Group 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 20, 2008.
• Mustelid Specialist Group 1996. Mustela frenata. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 13, 2008:

• Burke Museum: Mammal Specimens
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de la Sierra Volcánica Transversal de México (UAM-I)
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de Nuevo León, México (UANL)
• GBIF-Sweden: Mammals (NRM)
• James R. Slater Museum of Natural History: Terrestrial vertebrates
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science: Mammal specimens
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• Michigan State University Museum: Vertebrate specimens
• Museum of Texas Tech University (TTU): Mammal specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum: Mammal specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Mammal Collection
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: UAM Mammals Specimens
• University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History: Mammal specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2478331
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-180556
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13816863
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180556
• IUCN ID: 41654
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMAJF02030
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 15523

Footnotes

1. Mean = 1,061.540 meters (3,482.743 feet), Standard Deviation = 951.240 based on 380 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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