Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Creoles and Pidgins, French:
Gwive Blan
Common Names in Czech:
Drozdec Mnohohlas
Common Names in Danish:
Nordlig Spottedrossel
Common Names in Delaware:
T
Common Names in Dutch:
Spotlijster
Common Names in English:
Common Mockingbird, Jamaican mockingbird, Northern Mockingbird
Common Names in Estonian:
Taidur-Pilalind
Common Names in Faroese:
Vongr
Common Names in Finnish:
Taiturimatkija
Common Names in French:
moqueur polyglotte
Common Names in German:
Spottdrossel
Common Names in Haitian Creole French:
Rosiy
Common Names in Icelandic:
Hermifugl
Common Names in Italian:
Mimo poliglotto
Common Names in Japanese:
Maneshitsugumi, マネシツグミ
Common Names in Latin:
Mimus polyglottos
Common Names in Lithuanian:
Daugiabalsis Megd
Common Names in Mayan languages:
X-Col-Col-Chek X-Kok
Common Names in Norwegian:
Sangspottefugl
Common Names in Polish:
Przedrzezniacz P
Common Names in Portuguese:
Tejo-Da-Praia
Common Names in Portuguese (Brazil):
Sabi
Common Names in Slovak:
Drozdec Mnohohlas
Common Names in Spanish:
Centzontle Norte, Centzontle norteño, Centzontle norteño, Sinsonte Com, Sinsonte común
Common Names in Spanish (Cuba):
Sinsonte
Common Names in Spanish (Dominican Republic):
Rossignol
Common Names in Spanish (Mexico):
Centzontle Norte
Common Names in Swedish:
Nordlig H, Nordlig härmtrast
Common Names in Turkish:
Taklit
Description
Physical Description
Adult : Bill: blackish Length : short Body: Underparts: gray-white Upperparts: medium gray Tail: blackish gray with white outer feathers Length: long.
Color:
Light gray above and whitish-gray below. During flight, large white patches are visible on the dark gray wings and white outer tail feathers are conspicuous on the dark gray tail. The bill and legs are dark.
Size/Age/Growth
About 9-10 inches long, with a wingspan of 13 to 15 inches. Adults weigh about 1.7 ounces .
Habitat
The Northern Mockingbird lives in a wide variety of natural and human-modified areas and is common in suburban areas and towns.
Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, arid montane scrubs, arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands, tropical deciduous forests • Maximum Elevation: 3,100 meters • Foraging Strata: Canopy • Center of Abundance: Lower subtropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; subtropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Low
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,793 meters (0 to 12,444 feet).[1]
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.4 Forest - Temperate
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.4 Shrubland - Temperate
- 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 3.7 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
- 14 Artificial/Terrestrial
- 14.4 Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens
- 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest [more info]
Biology
Diet
Mockingbirds eat a wide variety of food items, including insects, berries , earthworms, and occasionally small lizards.
Reproduction
The breeding season
lasts from late February through September. Nests
are built 1-3 m
(3-10 ft
) above ground
in shrubs
and trees
. Males
build the nest cup with twigs
, and females line
the nest with grass
.
The female lays
3 - 5 greenish-blue eggs
heavily marked
with brown
spots and squiggles. The female incubates these for 12 days, and
the young are altricial when they hatch
. Both the male and female
feed
the young, which fledge
after spending 12 days in the nest.
- Breeding Habitat : Urban
- Nest Location: Ground-low nesting
- Nest Type: Open-cup
- Clutch Size: 3-5
- Length of Incubation : 12-13 days
- Days to Fledge: 11-13
- Number of Broods: 2, occasionally 3 or 4
Migration
Northern populations migrate; most are nonmigratory
Behavior
In addition to being well-known for its extensive song repertoire, the Mockingbird is notorious for its conspicuous and aggressive nest defense. Mockingbirds are often seen chasing large birds such as crows and hawks away from their nests. Common predators include hawks, owls, and snakes .
When Mockingbirds sing, they mimic the songs of other birds, animals, and even machinery. Several different songs are sung consecutively, and each song is usually repeated twice before switching to a different song.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Aves
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
)
- Gauthier, 1986
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
)
- Pycraft, 1900
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
)
- Sibley et al., 1988
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
- Superfamily:
Muscicapoidea
(
)
- Family:
Mimidae
(
)
- Tribe:
Mimini
(
)
- Genus:
Mimus
(
)
- Boie, 1826
- Specific name:
polyglottos
- (Linnaeus) 1758
- Form: ; Name Status: Accepted Name .
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- A catalogue of Canadian birds with notes on the distribution of the species / by Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B.: J. McMillan, 1887. url , p. 110.
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- A catalogue of the birds of the Virginias / by Wm. C. Rives. Newport, R.I.: Printed for the Society by T.T. Pitman, 1890. url p. 88, p. 97.
- A catalogue of the flowering plants and higher cryptogams, both native and introduced, found within about thirty miles of Hanover, N. H., including a few cultivated species, to which is appended a list of vertebrate animals of the same region. By Henry Jesup. [Hanover?]Printed for the Author, 1891. url p. 76.
- A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 15.
- A guide to the birds of New England and eastern New York; containing a key for each season and short descriptions of over 250 species, with particular reference to their appearance in the field, by Ralph Huffmann...with four full page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes and nearly 100 cuts in the text. BostonHoughton, Mifflin and company1904 url p. 355, p. 96.
- A history of the birds of Colorado, London, Witherby & Co., 1912. url , .
- A list of the birds of Florida / by Charles B. Cory. Boston: For sale by B. Whidden, 1896. url .
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- A list of the birds of Maryland / F.C. Kirkwood. Baltimore, Md., 1895. url p. 362.
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- Bird homes: The nests, eggs and breeding habits of the land birds breeding in the eastern United States with hints on the rearing and photographing of young birds / New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1903. url .
- Bird homes: the nests, eggs and breeding habits of the land birds breeding in the eastern United States, with hints on the rearing and photographing of young birds / New York: Doubleday & McClure, 1920, c1904. url .
- Bird homes: the nests, eggs, and breeding habits of the land birds breeding in the eastern United States; with hints on the rearing and photographing of young birds / New York: Doubleday, Page, 1905, c1904. url , .
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- Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
- Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
- Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
- Avian Knowledge Network: Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory - Section Survey
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum: Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- Bird Studies Canada: Marsh Monitoring Program - Birds
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 1981-1985
- Bird Studies Canada: Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas 2001-2005
- Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates: Bird Collection
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
- Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
- UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
- University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-178621
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13740505
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 178620
- IUCN ID: 223833
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPBK03010
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 274
- Mean = 398.680 meters (1,308.005 feet), Standard Deviation = 935.230 based on 20,000 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last scrutiny: 24-Jun-1996Similar Species
[ Back to top ]Three species of mimic-thrushes (Mimidae) to compare: Brown Thrasher, Northern Mockingbird, and Gray Catbird. All sound similar, but are easily distinguished. Thrashers generally repeat phrases twice, then move on to the next phrase. Mockingbirds repeat phrases 3-7 times before moving on to the next phrase, while catbirds do not generally repeat phrases.
Bahama Mockingbird, Townsend's SolitaireMembers of the genus Mimus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species and subspecies in this genus:
M. dorsalis (Brown-Backed Mockingbird) · M. gilvus (Graceful Mockingbird) · M. gilvus antelius (Blue-Gray Mockingbird) · M. gilvus gilvus (Tropical Mockingbird) · M. graysoni (Socorro Mockingbird) · M. gundlachii (Spanish Nightingale) · M. gundlachii gundlachii (Spanish Nightingale) · M. longicaudatus (Long-Tailed Mockingbird) · M. longicaudatus longicaudatus (Long-Tailed Mockingbird) · M. macdonaldi (Espanola Mockingbird) · M. melanotis (San Cristobal Mockingbird) · M. parvulus (Galapagos Mockingbird) · M. patagonicus (Patagonian Mockingbird) · M. polyglottos (Jamaican Mockingbird) · M. polyglottos leucopterus (Northern Mockingbird) · M. polyglottos polyglottos (Northern Mockingbird) · M. saturninus (Chalk-Browned Mockingbird) · M. thenca (Chilean Mocking-Bird) · M. trifasciatus (Charles Mockingbird) · M. triurus (White-Banded Mockingbird)
More Info
[ Back to top ]Further Reading
[ Back to top ]Notes
[ Back to top ]Contributors
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 11, 2008:
Identifiers
Footnotes
- Specific name:
polyglottos
- (Linnaeus) 1758
- Genus:
Mimus
(
- Tribe:
Mimini
(
- Family:
Mimidae
(
- Superfamily:
Muscicapoidea
(
- Suborder:
Passeres
(
- Order:
Passeriformes
(
- Superorder:
Passerimorphae
(
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
- Class:
Aves
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
