Melanerpes lewis

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Vegetation: tropical lowland evergreen forest, pine-oak forests, tropical lowland evergreen forest, second-growth forests and woodlands • Maximum Elevation: 1,700 meters • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Medium

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,632 meters (0 to 11,916 feet).Mean = 1,598.080 meters (5,243.045 feet), Standard Deviation = 696.800 based on 2,531 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Ecology:
List of Habitats :1.9Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane

Biology

Diet

Mostly:

Nuts Fruit

Lesser Quantities of: Insects

Reproduction

• Nest Type : Cavity
• Clutch Size: 5-9
• Length of Incubation : 13-14 days
• Days to Fledge : 28-34

Migration

Some migrate

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Melanerpes lewis (Gray, 1849)
2. Melanerpes lewis (Gray, GR) 1849

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: June 24, 1996.

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 27-Dec-2005

Similar Species

Wholly dark plumage sets this woodpecker apart from all others. No other woodpecker in the U.S.A. has wings that are entirely solid in color. This and its distinctive crow-like flaps, which contrast markedly with the undulating flight of other woodpeckers, render it easily identifiable at a great distance.

Members of the genus Melanerpes

There are approximately 74 species in this genus:

M. aurifrons (Animals) · M. aurifrons aurifrons · M. aurifrons canescens · M. aurifrons dubius · M. aurifrons grateloupensis · M. aurifrons hughlandi · M. aurifrons insulanus (Golden-Fronted Woodpecker) · M. aurifrons leei · M. aurifrons pauper · M. aurifrons polygrammus · M. aurifrons santacruzi · M. aurifrons turneffensis · M. aurifrons x · M. cactorum (White-Fronted Woodpecker) · M. candidus (White Woodpecker) · M. carolinensis · M. carolinus (Animals) · M. carolinus carolinus · M. carolinus zebra · M. caymanensis · M. chrysauchen (Golden-Naped Woodpecker) · M. chrysauchen chrysauchen · M. chrysauchen pulcher · M. chrysogenys (Golden-Cheeked Woodpecker) · M. chrysogenys chrysogenys · M. chrysogenys flavinuchus · M. cruentatus (Tellow-Tufted Woodpecker) · M. cruentatus cruentatus · M. cruentatus rubrifrons · M. erythrocephalus (Red-Headed Woodpecker) · M. erythrocephalus caurinus (Red-Headed Woodpecker) · M. erythrocephalus erythrocephalus (Red-Headed Woodpecker) · M. flavifrons (Yellow-Fronted Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus aculeatus · M. formicivorus albeolus · M. formicivorus angustifrons (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus augustifrons · M. formicivorus bairdi (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus flavigula · M. formicivorus formicivorus (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus lineatus (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus martirensis (Acorn Woodpecker) · M. formicivorus striatipectus · M. herminieri (Guadeloupe Woodpecker) · M. hoffmanni · M. hoffmannii (Hoffmann's Woodpecker) · M. hypopolius (Grey-Breasted Woodpecker) · M. lewis (Animals) · M. lewisi · M. portoricensis (Puerto Rican Woodpecker) · M. pucherani (Black-Cheeked Woodpecker) · M. pucherani perileucus · M. pulcher · M. pygmaeus (Yucatan Woodpecker) · M. pygmaeus pygmaeus · M. pygmaeus rubricomus · M. radiolatus (Jamaican Woodpecker) · M. rubricapillus (Red-Crowned Woodpecker) · M. rubricapillus paraguanae · M. rubricapillus rubricapillus · M. rubrifrons · M. santacruzi · M. striatus (Hispaniolan Woodpecker) · M. superciliaris (West Indian Woodpecker) · M. superciliaris caymanensis · M. superciliaris murceus · M. superciliaris superciliaris · M. uroptgialis · M. uropygialis (Animals) · M. uropygialis brewsteri (Gila Woodpecker) · M. uropygialis fuscescens · M. uropygialis uropygialis (Gila Woodpecker) · M. wagleri

Bibliography

• Alsop, Fred J. III. Birds of North America - Eastern Region. First American Edition. Smithsonian Handbooks. DK Publishing, Inc. 2001.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places: For References from A–L. For References from M–Z.
• BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
• BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
• Ehrlich, P., Dobkin, D., and Wheye, D. (1988). The Birders Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds. New York: Simon and Schuster Inc. (info on clutch size, length of incubation, days to fledge and number of broods.)
• Robbins, C.S., Bruun, B., Zim, H.S., (1966). Birds of North America. New York: Western Publishing Company, Inc. (Length and wingspan info.)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2004. Melanerpes lewis. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 17, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
• Hines, J. E., Gregory Gough, J. R. Sauer, et al. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
• Parker III, T.A., D.F. Stotz, and J.W. Fitzpatrick, "Ecological and Distributional Databases for Neotropical Birds," in Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation, by D.F. Stotz, T.A. Parker III, J.W. Fitzpatrick, and D.K. Moskovits (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996). ISBN 0-226-64676-9.
• Sauer, J. R., J. E. Hines, and J. Fallon. 2005. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966 - 2004. Version 2005.2. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Sauer, J. R., S. Schwartz, and B. Hoover. 1996. The Christmas Bird Count Home Page. Version 95.1. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
• Species At Risk Act Public Registry, Government of Canada
• Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:

• Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
• Avian Knowledge Network: Great Backyard Bird Count
• Avian Knowledge Network: Project FeederWatch
• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Royal British Columbia Museum
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
• University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3854081
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-178200 ITS-178196
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13809098
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 178200
• IUCN ID: 47286
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNYF04012
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13036

Footnotes

©2004-2008 the BayScience Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.