Lynx rufus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

swamps , deserts, and mountain ranges

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,180 meters (0 to 10,433 feet).[2]

Ecology: In the US, the bobcat ranges through a wide variety of habitats , including boreal coniferous and mixed forests in the north, bottomland hardwood forest and coastal swamp in the south-east, and desert and scrubland in the south-west. Only large, intensively cultivated areas appear to be unsuitable habitat. Areas with dense understory vegetation and high prey density are most intensively selected by bobcats (Nowell and Jackson 1996). The requisite features of bobcat habitat typically include areas with abundant rabbit and rodent populations, dense cover , and shelters that function as escape cover or den sites (Sunquist and Sunquist 2002). In Mexico, bobcats are found in dry scrub and grassland, as well as tropical dry forest including pine, oak and fir (Monroy-Vilchis and Velazquez 2003, Arzate et al. 2007, C. Lopez-Gonzalez pers. comm. 2007).

Like its close relative Lynx canadensis the bobcat preys primarily on lagomorphs (rabbits), but is much less of a specialist . Rodents are commonly taken, and bobcats are capable of taking larger prey, including young ungulates (Nowell and Jackson 1996, Sunquist and Sunquist 2002).

Home ranges vary with ecological setting , from 6 km for female bobcats in southern California to 325 km for male bobcats in upstate New York. Bobcats in northern and western portions of the United States are consistently larger than those in the south, possibly because the warmer climates provide a less variable prey base (Sunquist and Sunquist 2002). Density estimates include 48/100 km in Texas (Heilbrun et al. 2006); 25/100 km in Arizona (Lawhead 1984); 25-30/100 km in NW Mexico (Moreno et al. in press ); et al. 2007). [3].

List of Habitats:

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.1     Forest - Boreal   
  
•     1.4     Forest - Temperate   
  
•     1.5     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     2     Savanna   
  
•     3     Shrubland   
  
•     3.4     Shrubland - Temperate   
  
•     3.5     Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     3.7     Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude   
  
•     4     Grassland   
  
•     4.4     Grassland - Temperate   
  
•     4.5     Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     8     Desert   
  
•     8.2     Desert - Temperate   
  
•     8.3     Desert - Cold   
[more info]

Biology

Diet

Like other cats, bobcats hunt mostly at night, but may also hunt during the day. They can bound with speed for short distances , but can be overtaken by a rider on horseback. Their diet includes rodents, rabbits, grouse, quail, deer, W.H. Brandenburg domestic poultry, and some insects.[1]

insects, fish, amphibians , reptiles , birds, and mammals. (animals weighing 1.5-12 lbs .)

Reproduction

Bobcats mate from February to September and usually give birth to three kittens 60 days later. Normally one litter is produced by females each year.[1]

Females are able to produce cubs by 1 year of age. Males are fertile 2 years after birth. Both sexes are reproductive for the rest of their existence. The pregnacy lasts for about 2 months. 2-4 cubs per litter. Cubs are born with eyes shut. Cubs nurse for 2 months and then are gradually given meat to eat. 3-5 month old cubs go hunting with their mothers. Breeding season is in February and March.

Behavior

The bobcat is shy and seldom seen. It is a savage fighter when cornered or when taking prey .[1]

Bobcats are great wanderers. They can be found in open valleys, but prefer cliffs and rocky slopes , which provide dens for them. (Ref. 109946)

Predators:

They depend on seclusion more than flight to stay clear of their major predators , humans. Coyotes, and perhaps mountain lions, also prey on bobcats.[1]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Felis rufus Schreber

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-2007

Placed in Lynx according to genetic analysis (Johnson et al. 2006, Eizirik et al. 2008)[3].

Similar Species

Members of the genus Lynx

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 9 species and subspecies in this genus:

L. canadensis (Canadian Lynx) · L. lynx (Eurasian Lynx) · L. lynx lynx (Eurasian Lynx) · L. pardinus (Ischer De Waldheim) · L. rufus (Bay Lynx) · L. rufus californicus (Bobcat) · L. rufus escuinapae (Mexican Bobcat) · L. rufus floridanus (Bobcat) · L. rufus rufus (Bobcat)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• Cat Specialist Group 2002. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• Cat Specialist Group 2002. Lynx rufus. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. and lt;www.iucnredlist.org and gt;. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Clark, M. A. WhoZoo.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Kelly, M., Caso, A. & Lopez Gonzalez, C. 2008. Lynx rufus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 01February2012.
• New Mexico Wildlife. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Version of April 24, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:

• Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics
• Burke Museum: Mammal Specimens
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de la Sierra Volcánica Transversal de México (UAM-I)
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Colección de Mamíferos de Nuevo León, México (UANL)
• Field Museum: Mammal specimens
• GBIF-Sweden: Mammals (NRM)
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science: Mammal specimens
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• Michigan State University Museum: Vertebrate specimens
• Museum of Texas Tech University (TTU): Mammal specimens
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum: Mammal specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History: Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Mammal Collection
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: University of Alaska Museum Mammal Collection
• University of Alaska Museum of the North: University of New Mexico Museum of Southwestern Biology Mammal Collection
• University of Colorado Museum: Zoological specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-180583
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180582
• IUCN ID: 220767
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMAJH03020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 178461

Footnotes

1. New Mexico Wildlife. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Version of April 24, 2009. [back]
2. Mean = 609.670 meters (2,000.230 feet), Standard Deviation = 788.670 based on 184 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
3. Kelly, M., Caso, A. & Lopez Gonzalez, C. 2008. Lynx rufus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.