Leuciscus cephalus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Occurs in creeks and fast flowing rivers , occasionally in lakes (Ref. 30578). Enters brackish water in the eastern Baltic.

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,911 meters (0 to 9,551 feet).[1]

Biology

Diet

Feeds on algae, bits of vegetation and various seeds that have fallen into the water[2]. Also feeds on worms, mollusks, crustaceans, and various insect larvae; large chub eat considerable numbers of small fish, such as chub, eels, dace, roach, gudgeon and minnows ; also frogs , crayfish, voles and young water birds[3].

Reproduction

Pale yellow eggs are found attached to gravel , weed and stones in flowing water [4].

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Cyprinus albula Nardo • Cyprinus capito Scopoli • Cyprinus cephalus • Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus • Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 • Cyprinus chub Bonnaterre • Cyprinus kietaibeli Reisinger • Cyprinus kittaibeli Reisinger • Cyprinus lugdunensis Walbaum • Cyprinus orthonotus Hermann • Cyprinus rufus Vallot • Cyprinus salmoneus Gronow • Leucalburnus kosswigi Karaman • Leuciscus albiensis Valenciennes • Leuciscus albus Bonaparte • Leuciscus brutius Costa • Leuciscus cabeda pamvoticus Stephanidis • Leuciscus cabeda Risso • Leuciscus cavedanus Bonaparte • Leuciscus cephalus • Leuciscus cephalus albus Bonaparte • Leuciscus cephalus cabeda Risso • Leuciscus cephalus cephalus (Linnaeus • Leuciscus cephalus macedonicus Karaman • Leuciscus cephalus moreoticus Stephanidis • Leuciscus cephalus orientalis Barach • Leuciscus cephalus orientalis Nordmann • Leuciscus cephalus prespensis Fowler • Leuciscus cephalus ruffoi Bianco & Recchia • Leuciscus cephalus vardarensis (Karaman • Leuciscus cephalus wjatkensis Lukasch • Leuciscus chub pictava De La Pylaie • Leuciscus cii Richardson • Leuciscus fellowesii Günther • Leuciscus frigidus Valenciennes • Leuciscus latifrons Nilsson • Leuciscus nothulus Bonaparte • Leuciscus orientalis Nordmann • Leuciscus orientalis pursakensis Hanko • Leuciscus pamvoticus Stephanidis • Leuciscus peloponensis Valenciennes • Leuciscus peloponnensis Valenciennes • Leuciscus peloponnesis Valenciennes • Leuciscus rissoi Schinz • Leuciscus ruffoi Bianco & Recchia • Leuciscus squalius Valenciennes • Leuciscus squalus Bonaparte • Leuciscus svallize zrmanjae Vladykov and Petit • Squalius agdamicus Kamensky • Squalius berak Heckel • Squalius cephalopsis Heckel • Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus • Squalius cephalus athurensis Roule & Cardaillac De Saint-Paul • Squalius cephalus cavedanus Karaman • Squalius cephalus vardarensis Karaman • Squalius clathratus Blanchard • Squalius meridionalis Blanchard • Squalius meunier Heckel • Squalius orientalis Heckel • Squalius pareti Bonaparte • Squalius turcicus De Filippi • Squalius turcicus platycephala Kamenskii • Squalus tyberinus Bonaparte

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 08-Aug-1994

Similar Species

Members of the genus Leuciscus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 67 species and subspecies in this genus:

L. acinaces (Silver Razorbelly Minnow) · L. albidus (Italian Bleak) · L. alburnoides (Calandino) · L. argyrotaenia (Silver Rasbora) · L. baicalensis (Siberian Dace) · L. bambusa (Yellowcheek) · Esomus thermoicos (South Indian Flying Barb) · L. bearnensis (Bearn Beaked Dace) · L. belangeri (Manipur Osteobrama) · L. bergi (Issyk-Kul Dace) · L. bibie (Lake Turkana Sardine) · L. borysthenicus (Dneiper Carp) · L. burdigalensis (Beaked Dace) · L. carolitertii (Bordallo) · L. cavedanus (Cauveri Rasbora) · L. cephalus (Mediterranean Chub) · L. cephalus cavadanus (Chub) · L. cephalus pirenaicus (Chub) · L. cephalus pyraenaicus (Chub) · L. curriculus (Barbel Chub) · L. danilewskii (Don Dace) · L. dusonensis (Yellow Tail Rasbora) · L. einthovenii (Blue Line Rasbora) · L. filamentosus (Indian Tiger Barb) · L. frigidus (Black Sea Roach) · L. gatensis (River-Carp Baril) · L. genei (South European Nase) · L. hakuensis (Big-Scaled Redfin) · L. hypselopterus (Sailfin Shiner) · L. idella (Pa Kin Gnia) · L. idus (Silver Orfe) · L. idus idus (Silver Orfe) · L. jouyi (Iridescent Rasbora) · L. lateristriatus (Sidestrap Rasbora) · L. lehmanni (Zeravshan Dace) · L. leptosoma (Copper-Striped Rasbora) · L. leuciscus (Eurasian Dace) · L. leuciscus baicalensis (Siberian Dace) · L. lutrensis (Red Shiner) · L. macrochirus (Long Pectoral-Fin Minnow) · L. melettina (Veli Lake Carplet) · L. melettinus (Sacramento Blackfish) · L. merzbacheri (Zhungarian Ide) · L. molitorella (White Lady Carp) · L. molitrix (Chinese Schemer) · L. niloticus (Nile Minnow) · L. nobilis (Big Head Carp) · L. oxygastroides (Glass Barb) · L. oxyrrhis (Long-Snout Dace) · L. parvus (Topmouth Gudgeon) · L. piceus (Black Chinese Roach) · L. platypus (Freshwater Minnow) · L. pygmaeus (American Mud-Minnow) · L. rutilus (Roach Minnow) · L. sandkhol (Sandkhol Carp) · L. sardinella (Sardinella Razorbelly Minnow) · L. schmidti (Schmidt's Dace) · L. souffia (Stroemling) · L. spurius (Syr-Darya Dace) · L. storerianus (Silver Chub) · L. stymphalicus (Dáska) · L. temminckii (Dark Chub) · L. thynnoides (Pa Keum) · L. tincella (Spottail Chub) · L. uncirostris (Amur Three-Lips) · L. waleckii (Amur Ide) · L. zambezensis (Manchurian Gudgeon)

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Further Reading

• A bibliography of fishes, by Bashford Dean. .. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1916-1923. url p. 107, p. 267, p. 267, p. 446, p. 446, p. 674.
• A book on angling; being a complete treatise on the art of angling in every branch, by Francis Francis, ed. with an introduction by Sir Herbert Maxwell, bt., containing numerous plates in colour and other illustrations. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1920. url p. 27, p. 27.
• A guide to the study of fishes, New York, H. Holt, 1905. url , , .
• A guide to the study of fishes, by David Starr Jordan. .. New York, H. Holt and Company, 1905. url , p. 163, p. 168, p. 47, p. xiii.
• A handbook of the vertebrate fauna of Yorkshire: being a catalogue of British mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes / by Wm. Eagle Clarke, and Wm. Denison Roebuck. London: Reeve, 1881. url p. 123.
• A handbook to the vertebrate fauna of north Wales. London, Witherby & Co., 1919. url p. 93.
• A history of British animals: exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, mollusca, and radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigeno by John Fleming. Edinburgh: Printed for Bell & Bradfute; 1828. url p. 187.
• A history of British fishes / by William Yarrell. ..; illustrated by nearly 400 woodcuts. .. London: John Van Voorst. .., 1836. url p. 358.
• A history of Scandinavian fishes / by B. Fries, C. U. Ekström and C. Sundevall; with coloured plates by W. von Wright and text illustrations. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt & söner, 1892-1895. url , p. 769.
• A history of the fishes of the British Islands. LondonGroombridge[1867] url p. 78.
• A student's text-book of zoology / by Adam Sedgwick. London: S. Sonnenschein and co.; 1898-1909. url p. 219.
• A student's text-book of zoology, by Adam Sedgwick. .. London, Macmillan Co., 1898-1909. url p. 219.
• A survey and record of Woolwich and West Kent containing descriptions and records, brought up-to-date, of geology, botany, zoology, archaeology and industries of the district, with a brief photographic commentary, in commemoration of the 12th Ann General editors, C.H. Grinling, T.A. Ingram [and] B.C. Polkinghorne. Woolwich: Labour Representation Print. Co., 1909. url p. 257.
• A synopsis of the fishes of North America / by David Humphreys Storer. Cambridge: Metcalf, 1846. url p. 158.
• A treatise on zoology / edited by E. Ray Lankester. London: A. & C. Black, 1900-1909. url p. 266, p. 342.
• A treatise on zoology London, A. and C. Black, 1900-1909 url p. 266, p. 342.
• A treatise on zoology. London, Adam and Charles Black, 1900-1909 url p. 266, p. 342.
• Alphabet of angling, for the use of beginners. By James Rennie. .. London, H.G. Bohn, 1849. url , p. 105.
• Alphabet of scientific angling for the use of beginners / by James Rennie. London: William Orr, 1833. url p. 137, p. 137.
• An angler's paradise and how to obtain it. Scarborough, The Angler, 1898. url .
• An illustrated dictionary of scientific terms. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, pref. 1878. url p. 77.
• Animate creation; popular edition of "Our living world" a natural history, by the Rev. J. G. Wood. Revised and adapted to American zoology, by Joseph B. Holder. .. New York, S. Hess[c1885] url p. 287.
• Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. New-York: 1824-1876. url p. 327.
• British and Irish Salmonidæ / by Francis Day. London [etc.]Williams and Norgate, 1887. url p. 292.
• British fish and fisheries. London, The Religous Tract Society[1850] url p. 101.
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• British fresh-water fishes / by the Right Hon. Sir Herbert Maxwell; with twelve coloured plates including twenty-two figures from photographs. London: Hutchinson, 1904. url p. 310.
• British fresh-water fishes, by the Right Hon. Sir Herbert Maxwell, bart.. .. With twelve coloured plates including twenty-two figures from photographs. London, Hutchinson & Co., 1904. url p. 133, p. 312.
• British reptiles, amphibians, and fresh-water fishes / by W. Percival Westell; illustrated by Doris Meyer. [London]: Chapman & Dodd, [192-?] url p. 91.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1909 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 256.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 283, p. 49, p. 6.
• Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. Washington, The Commission, Govt. Print. Off. url p. 483, p. 80.
• Camallanata of animals and man and diseases caused by them = Kamallanaty zhivotnykh i cheloveka i vyzyvaemye ime zabolevaniya / V. M. Ivashkin, A. A. Sobolev, and L. A. Khromova; translated from Russian [by Hilary Hardin]. Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 1977. url p. 28, p. 293.
• Cassell's natural history. Ed. by P. Martin Duncan. .. London [etc]Cassell & Company, Limited, 1891-96. url p. 130, p. 402.
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• Catalogue of the fishes in the. .. Museum / by A. Günther 1868. url p. 220, p. 221, p. 223.
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• Commercial fisheries review. [Washington]: National Marine Fisheries Service; [for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.] url p. 116, p. 117.
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• Dean bibliography of fishes. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1971-1973. url p. 111, p. 119, p. 150, p. 179, p. 236, p. 239, p. 240, p. 244, p. 267, p. 291, p. 302, p. 318, p. 365, p. 426, p. 445, p. 477, p. 482, p. 489, p. 502, p. 508, p. 55, p. 551, p. 556, p. 558, p. 560, p. 569, p. 570, p. 571, p. 577, p. 612, p. 615, p. 616, p. 623, p. 626, p. 631, p. 633, p. 634, p. 642, p. 664, p. 677, p. 699, p. 727, p. 741, p. 749, p. 88.
• Descriptive catalogue of the fishes of Nova Scotia Halifax, N.S.: A. Grant, 1866. url .
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• Fishes, New York, H. Holt and Company, 1907. url , .
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• Fly-fishing and fly-making for trout, etc. By J. Harrington Keene. With plates of the actual material for making flies of every variety. New York, O. Judd co., 1887. url p. 36.
• Fresh-water aquaria: their construction, arrangement, and management, with full information as to the best water-plants and live stock to be kept, how and where to obtain them, and how to keep them in health, London, L.U. Gill[pref. 1890] url , .
• Geological magazine. London [etc.]Cambridge University Press. url p. 113, p. 114.
• Guide to the Gallery of Fishes [London]: BM(NH), 1908 url p. 107.
• Handbook to the natural history of Cambridgeshire, ed. by J.E. Marr. .. and A.E. Shipley. .. Cambridge, University press, 1904. url p. 111.
• History of British animals / by John Fleming. Edinburgh: Bell & Bradfute; 1828. url p. 187.
• Hydrobiologische studien über ostalpenseen. Stuttgart, Erwin Nägele, 1923. url p. 502.
• Illinois biological monographs. Urbana, Univ. of Illinois Press. url p. 128.
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• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. url p. 511.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• FishBase 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 02, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 12 providers.
• Paxton, John (from FishBase).
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1996. Leuciscus cephalus. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.redlist.org . Downloaded on 30 January 2005.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 02, 2008:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen: Biologiezentrum Linz
• European Environment Agency: EUNIS
• Finnish Museum of Natural History: Hatikka Observation Data Gateway
• FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• GBIF-Spain: Museu de Ciències Naturals, Zoologia, Barcelona: MCNC-Cord
• GBIF-Sweden: Fishes (NRM)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Taxonomic Information Sytem for the Belgian coastal area
• Institute of Nature Conservation PAS: National System of Proetcted Areas
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• NLBIF: Limnodata
• Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
• Senckenberg: Collection Pisces
• UK National Biodiversity Network: Biological Records Centre - Database for the Atlas of Freshwater Fishes
• University of Navarra, Museum of Zoology: Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 130772
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-25149
• Fishbase Species ID: 4482
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 163581
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 5185

Footnotes

1. Mean = 28.730 meters (94.259 feet), Standard Deviation = 45.710 based on 129,497 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. Vostradovsky, J. (1973). Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. [back]
3. Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell (1992). Freshwater fishes of the British Isles. HarperCollins Publishers, London.368 p. [back]
4. Pinder, A.C. (2001). Keys to larval and juvenile stages of coarse fishes from fresh waters in the British Isles. Freshwater Biological Association. The Ferry House, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, UK. Scientific Publication No. 60. 136 p. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.