Hirundo rustica

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, pastures and agricultural lands, northern temperate grasslands, arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub • Maximum Elevation: 2,700 meters • Foraging Strata: Aerial • Center of Abundance: Upper subtropical: higher slopes, 500-1,600 m.; subtropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Low

Ecology: List of Habitats : 4.4 Grassland - Temperate 14.1 Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land 14.2 Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest

Biology

Diet

Exclusively: Insects

Reproduction

Nests from mid-April to late June in buildings and under bridges .

• Nest Location: Mid-story/canopy nesting
• Nest Type: Open-cup
• Clutch Size: 4-5
• Length of Incubation : 13-17 days
• Days to Fledge : 18-23
• Number of Broods: 2

Migration

Migratory

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001.

Similar Species

Cliff Swallow, Cave Swallow

Members of the genus Hirundo

There are approximately 145 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

H. abyssinica (Lesser Striped-Swallow) · H. abyssinica bannermani · H. abyssinica puella · H. abyssinica unitatis · H. aethiopica (Ethiopian Swallow) · H. aethiopica aethiopica (Ethiopian Swallow) · H. albicollis · H. albigularis (White-Throated Swallow) · H. albiventris · H. andecola (Andean Swallow) · H. angolensis (Angola Swallow) · H. angolensis arcticincta · H. apus · H. arcticincta · H. ariel (Fairy Martin) · H. atrocaerulea (Blue Swallow) · H. brevirostris · H. cahirica · H. caudacuta · H. christyi · H. cincta · H. concolor (Dusky Crag-Martin) · H. cucullata (Greater Striped-Swallow) · H. daurica (Red-Rumped Swallow) · H. daurica daurica (Red-Rumped Swallow) · H. daurica emini · H. daurica erythropygia · H. daurica gephyra · H. daurica hyperythra · H. daurica japonica · H. daurica melanocrissus · H. daurica nipalensis · H. daurica rufula · H. dimidiata (Pearl-Breasted Swallow) · H. dimidiata dimidiata (Pearl-Breasted Swallow) · H. dimidiata marwitzi · H. domicella · H. domicola (Hill Swallow) · H. emini · H. erythogaster · H. erythropygia · H. esculenta · H. euchrysea · H. filifera · H. fluvicola (Streak-Throated Swallow) · H. francica · H. francisca · H. fuliginosa (Dusky Cliff Swallow) · H. fuligula (African Rock Swallow) · H. fuligula fusciventris · H. fuligula pusilla · H. fuligula rufigula · H. fulva (Cave Swallow) · H. fulva cavicola · H. fulva fulva (Cave Swallow) · H. fulva pallida · H. fulva pelodoma · H. fuscicapilla · H. gordoni · H. griseopyga (Gray-Rumped Swallow) · H. griseopyga griseopyga · H. griseopyga melbina · H. hyperythra · H. inornata · H. javanica · H. jewan · H. klecho · H. leucosoma (Pied-Winged Swallow) · H. lucida (Red-Chested Swallow) · H. lucida lucida (Red-Chested Swallow) · H. lucida rothschildi · H. lunifrons · H. megaensis (White-Tailed Swallow) · H. melanocrissa · H. melanocrissus · H. melba · H. minuta · H. monteiri · H. neoxena (Welcome Swallow) · H. neoxena carteri · H. neoxena neoxena (Welcome Swallow) · H. neumanni · H. nigricans (Tree Martin) · H. nigricans nigricans (Tree Martin) · H. nigrita (White-Throated Blue Swallow) · H. nigrorufa (Black-And-Rufous Swallow) · H. nipalensis · H. obsoleta (Pale Crag-Martin) · H. pacifica · H. paludicola · H. perdita (Red Sea Cliff-Swallow) · H. preussi (Preuss' Cliff Swallow) · H. pristoptera · H. puella · H. puella unitatis · H. pyrrhonota (Rocky Mountain Swallow) · H. pyrrhonota pyrrhonota (Rocky Mountain Swallow) · H. pyrrhonota tachina · H. riparia · H. rufigula (Red-Throated Cliff Swallow)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. ENG url p. 14.
• A dictionary of birds, by Alfred Newton, assisted by Hans Gadow, with contributions from Richard Lydekker Charles S. Roy and Robert W. Shufeldt London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. ENG url p. 559, p. 599, p. 926.
• A hand-book to the birds of Great Britain. By R. Bowdler Sharpe London, E. Lloyd, Limited, 1896-1897. ENG url p. 331, p. 332.
• A hand-list of British birds, with an account of the distribution of each species in the British Isles and abroad. By Ernst Hartert, F. C. R. Jourdain, N. F. Ticehurst and H. F. Withersby. London, Witherby, 1912. ENG url p. 93.
• A hand-list of genera and species of birds of the Indian empire, by E. C. Stuart Baker Bombay, Printed by order of the committee of the Bombay natural history society[1923] ENG url p. 108.
• A history of British birds / by William Yarrell, V.P.L.S., F.Z.S. London: John van Voorst, 1871-1885. ENG url p. 340, p. 347.
• A history of British birds, indigenous and migratory: including their organization, habits, and relations; remarks on classification and nomenclature; an account of the principal organs of birds, and observations relative to practical ornithology By W London, Printed for Scott, Webster, and Geary, 1837-1852 ENG url p. 354, p. 478, p. 554, p. 558, p. 560, p. 562, p. 564, p. 566, p. 568, p. 570, p. 572, p. 661, p. 757, p. 762.
• A history of birds, by W. P. Pycraft, with an introd. by Ray Lankester. London, Methuen and Co.[1910] ENG url p. 105.
• A manual of Philippine birds / by Richard C. McGregor. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1909. ENG url p. 426, p. 733.
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Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed September 05, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 02, 2007:

• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, North West Territories and Nunavut Bird Checklist, Canada
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Royal British Columbia Museum
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
• New Brunswick Museum, NBM birds
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Western Palearctic migrants in continental Africa

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3848501
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-178451
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13542211
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 178448
• IUCN ID: 52163
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABPAU09030
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13093

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