Haemulon sciurus

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Haemulidae

Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Chiefly marine , some brackish , rarely freshwater . Dorsal fin continuous, 9-14 spines, 11-26 soft rays . Anal fin 3 spines, 6-18 soft rays. Small mouth with thick lips . Usually cardiform jaw teeth, with vomer generally toothless. Usually with enlarged chin pores . Branchiostegal rays 7. Vertebrae 26 or 27 (10 or 11 + 16). Adults are typically inactive during day when they shelter near or under ledges; they disperse to feed on benthic invertebrates at night. Pelagic spawners. Juveniles are popular in home aquaria , but adults require a large tank . Maximum length about 60 cm. Important food fishes .The family Haemulidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Perciformes. It contains 17 genera and 150 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish, and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Some members of this family are used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is carangiform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. Etymology of this family name : Greek, haimaleos = bloody

Habitat

Found in small groups over coral and rocky reefs and drop-offs [1]. Juveniles are abundant in Thalassia beds [2].

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -5,207 meters (0 to -17,083 feet).[3]

Biome: Saltwater . Reef-associated .

Biology

Diet

Feeds on crustaceans, bivalves , and occasionally on small fishes .

Sound types : grunts . Sound organ: pharyngeal teeth and swim bladder (similar to Haemulon album).

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Sparus sciurus Shaw, 1803

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Haemulon

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 80 species and subspecies in this genus:

H. aciurus · H. acutum · H. albidum · H. album (Margaret Grunt) · H. arara · H. arcuatum · H. aureolineatum · H. aurolineatum (Yellow-Lined Tomtate) · H. aurolineatus · H. bonariense (Black Grunt) · H. boschmae (Bronzestriped Grunt) · H. brevirostrum · H. canna · H. carbonarium (Black-Tail Grunt) · H. caudimacula · H. caudimaculatum · H. caudomaculatus · H. chromis · H. chrysargyreum (Yellowstripe Grunt) · H. chrysogyreum · H. continuum · H. corvinaeforme · H. dorsale · H. dorsalis · H. elegans · H. flaviguttatum (Yellowspotted Catshark) · H. flavilineatum · H. flavolineatrum · H. flavolineatum (Open-Mouthed Grunt) · H. flavolineatus · H. flavolinsatum · H. formosum · H. fremebundum · H. heterodon · H. jeniguano · H. luteum · H. macrophthalmum · H. macrostoma · H. macrostomum (Fus Stick Grunt) · H. macrostomus · H. macrostonum · H. maculicauda (Spottail Grunt) · H. maculosum · H. margaritiferum · H. mazatlanum · H. melanopterum · H. melanurum (French Margate Fish) · H. microphthalmum · H. modestum · H. mowbrayi · H. multilineatum · H. notatum · H. obtusum · H. parra (Bastard Margaret) · H. parrai · H. plumeiri · H. plumeri · H. plumieri · H. plumierii (Redmouth Grunt) · H. quadrilineatum · H. quinquelineatum · H. rimator · H. santhopternum · H. schranki · H. schrankii · H. sciuris · H. sciurus (Blue Striped Grunt) · H. scudderi · H. scudderii (Majarra Prieta) · H. serratum · H. serrula · H. sexfasciatum (Graybar Grunt) · H. squamipinna · H. steindachneri (Chere-Chere Grunt) · H. striatum (Smallmouthed Tomtate) · H. subarcuatum · H. taeniatum · H. undecimale · H. xanthopterum · H. xantopterum

More Info

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Further Reading

• A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Report presented at the eighty-ninth annual meeting, Clearwater, Fla., Sept. 16-18, 1959. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960. ENG url p. 31.
• Acero, A.P. (1985). Zoogeographical implications of the distribution of selected families of Caribbean coral reef fishes. Proc. of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti, Vol. 5.
• Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions. [Reports] Los Angeles, University of Southern California Press. ENG url p. 382, p. 534.
• Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- ENG url p. 65.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. ENG url p. 487, p. 489.
• Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended Washington: G.P.O., 1914- ENG url p. 330.
• B and amp;ouml;hlke, J.E. and C.C.G. Chaplin (1993). Fishes of the Bahamas and adjacent tropical waters. 2nd edition. University of Texas Press, Austin.
• Bardach, J. E. (1959). The summer standing crop of fish on a shallow Bermuda Reef. Limnol. Oceanogr. 4:77-85.
• Bouchon-Navaro, Y. and M. Louis (1986). Les poissons des formations corallienes de la Martinique. Ann. Inst. Oc and amp;eacute;anogr., Paris 62(2):251-270.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 498.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 199.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- ENG url p. 308, p. 46, p. 85.
• Cervig and amp;oacute;n, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. M and amp;aacute;rquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez (1992). Fichas FAO de identificaci and amp;oacute;n de especies para los fines de la pesca. Gu and amp;iacute;a de campo de las especies comerciales ma
• Claro, R. (1994). Caracter and amp;iacute;sticas generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecolog and amp;iacute;a de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanolog and amp;iacute;a Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
• Claro, Rodolfo, and Lynne R. Parenti / Claro, Rodolfo, Kenyon C. Lindeman, and L. R. Parenti, eds. 2001. Chapter 2: The Marine Ichthyofauna of Cuba. Ecology of the Marine Fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 21-57. ISBN: 1-56098-985-8.
• Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman (1978). Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome.
• FAO (1969). Report to the government of St. Kitts, Nevis and Anguilla on exploratory and experimental fishing around Saint Kitts and Nevis Rep. FAO (TA 2272) 28 p.
• Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray (1970). Sounds of Western North Atlantic fishes. A reference file of biological underwater sounds. The John Hopkins Press, Baltimor.
• Fishery bulletin / U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service: ENG url p. 514.
• Fishery bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, The Service, U.S. Govt Print. Off. ENG url p. 338, p. 339, p. 340, p. 342, p. 355, p. 357.
• Fishery leaflet / United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service, ENG url p. 74.
• Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1962). The fishes of the British Guiana continental shelf, Atlantic coast of South America, with notes on their natural history. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 44(301):667-700.
• NOAA technical report NMFS SSRF. Seattle, Wash.: National Marine Fisheries Service; ENG url p. 10.
• Our living oceans: report on the status of U.S. living marine resources, 1999. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, [1999] ENG url p. 290.
• Our living oceans: the first annual report on the status of U.S. living marine resources. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1991. ENG url p. 118.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia] ENG url p. 109, p. 330, p. 98.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 126, p. 135, p. 301, p. 316, p. 351, p. 42, p. 551, p. 584.
• Report of the Commissioner - United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Washington, The Commission; U.S. Govt. Print. Off. ENG url p. 384, p. 878.
• Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986). A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.
• Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands / New York Academy of Sciences. New York, N.Y.: The Academy, 1919- url p. 167, p. 325.
• Smith, C.L. (1997). National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.
• Special scientific report. Seattle, National Marine Fisheries Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1971. ENG url p. 11.
• Systematic catalogue of the fishes of Tortugas, Florids with observations on color, habits, and local distribution by William H. Longley Edited and completed by Smauel F. Hildebrand Washington, D.C.1941 ENG url p. 116, p. 124, p. 125, p. 13, p. 133, p. 14, p. 15, p. 18, p. 226.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, ENG url p. 360.
• The marine fishes of Panama. by Seth E. Meek and Samuel F. Hildebrand; Wilfred H. Osgood, editor Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1925 ENG url p. 533.
• The nucleic acids: chemistry and biology. Edited by Erwin Chargaff [and] J.D. Davidson. New York, Academic Press, 1955-1960. ENG url p. 167.
• The underwater guide to marine life [by] Carleton Ray and Elgin Ciampi. New York, Barnes[1956] ENG url p. 241.
• Tulane studies in zoology and botany. New Orleans: Tulane University, [1968- ENG url p. 124, p. 138, p. 140, p. 150, p. 152, p. 153, p. 156, p. 170.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 8, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed May 31, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Paxton, John (from FishBase).
• Williams, Jeffrey T. (from FishBase).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:

• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
• FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Museum national d'histoire naturelle: Ichtyologie
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Fish Collection
• Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
• Senckenberg: Collection Pisces
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNPE/Coleccion Nacional de Peces

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2493420
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-23529
• Fishbase Species ID: 1141
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 169069
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 112034

Footnotes

1. Lieske, E. and R. Myers (1994). Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. [back]
2. Cervig�n, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. M�rquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez (1992). Fichas FAO de identificaci�n de especies para los fines de la pesca. Gu�a de campo de las especies comerciales ma [back]
3. Mean = -1,515.790 meters (-4,973.064 feet), Standard Deviation = 3,030.820 based on 24 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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