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Gymnocephalus cernuus

(Eurasian Ruffe)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Czech:

Je, Ježdík obecný, Ježdík obecný

Common Names in Danish:

Almindelig Hork, Hork

Common Names in Dutch:

Pos

Common Names in English:

Eurasian Ruffe, blacktail, Gärs, Pope, Redfin darter, Ruff, ruffe

Common Names in Estonian:

Kiisk

Common Names in Finnish:

Kiiski

Common Names in French:

Frash, Goujon-perche, Gr, Grémeuille, Grémille, Greuillet, Grimau, Kutt, Perche Goujonni, Perche goujonnière, Roi

Common Names in German:

Gries, Hork, Kaulbarsch, Kauschbarsch, Kugelbarsch, Kuhlbarsch, Kulbersch, Kulberschke, Kutt, Kütteberschi, Pfaffenlaus, Posch, Rauiegel, Rotzbarb, Rotzbarsch, Rötzert, Rotzkater, Rotzwolf, Schlickerbarsch, Schnotterbarsch, Schnotterboars, Schroll, Steuerbarsch, Stuhrt, Stune, Stur, Sturbarsch, Tork

Common Names in Italian:

Acerina

Common Names in Latvian:

Kisis

Common Names in Lithuanian:

Pug

Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:

梅花鱸, 梅花鲈

Common Names in Norwegian:

Hork

Common Names in Polish:

Jazgarz

Common Names in Romanian:

Ghibort

Common Names in Rumanian:

Balos, Firizar, Ghelmes, Ghibort, Mos

Common Names in Russian:

Yersh obyknovennyi, обыкновенный ерш

Common Names in Slovak:

Hrebenacka Obycajn, Hrebenacka obycajná

Common Names in Spanish:

Acerina

Common Names in Swedish:

Gärs

Common Names in Ukrainian:

Yorsz zvychainyi

Description

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Physical Description

Species Gymnocephalus cernuus

Body: Mouth and snout: Mouth terminal to slightly subterminal and oblique , with minute teeth on the jaws . No barbels . Body patterning, color, and scales : Tan, olive, silvery or gray, with irregular dark spots or small blotches or mottling, mainly dorsally , often faint. Belly cream or white. Dorsal and tail fins spotted, other fins clear or whitish. 34-40 ctenoid lateral scales. Body shape and size: Body fusiform , laterally compressed and deep; oval in cross section . Typically 100-150 mm (4-6 in) TL ; maximum in Wisconsin about 225 mm (9 in).

Fins: Tail, dorsal and other fins: Forked tail. Dorsal fin with 2 lobes , attached by a membrane , the first with 11-18 spines and the second with 1 spine and 11-16 rays. Pelvic fins thoracic ; first ray elongated into filament . Adipose fin absent. Anal fin with 2 spines and 5-8 rays.

Distinguishing characteristics: The ruffe can be distinguished by its long dorsal fin with two distinct lobes, its lack of an adipose fin , its thoracic pelvic fins, its spotted or mottled flanks, its spotted first dorsal fin, and its 5-10 spines on the preopercle. See also similar species information.

Breeding adults : Similar to non-breeders.

Juveniles : Similar to adults, but less deep-bodied (photos).

Habitat

Inhabits lakes , quiet pools and margins of streams . Prefers deep water with deposits of sand and gravel [1].

Biome: Marine .

Biology

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Diet

The membranous external walls of the head canals of this species provide high directional sensitivity; can feed at night in the dark using the lateral line system ; feeds on zooplankton , chironomids , oligochaetes and amphipods [2].

Reproduction

White to yellow eggs in sticky strands are found on rocks and weed in shallow water[3].

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Acerina cernua (Linnaeus • Acerina cernua essipovi Burmakin • Acerina czekanowskii Dybowski • Acerina fischeri Eichwald • Acerina vulgaris Cuvier • Cernua fluviatilis Fleming • Gymnocephalus cernua • Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus • Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus, 1758) • Gymnocephalus cernua Linnaeus • Gymnocephalus cernus • Gymnocephalus cernus (Linnaeus • Gymnocephalus cernus (Linnaeus, 1758) • Gymnocephalus cernuus • Holocentrus post Lacepède • Perca cernua • Perca cernua Linnaeus • Perca cernua Linnaeus, 1758

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 15-Apr-1994

Similar Species

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Fish Name Dorsal Fin Adipose Fin Position of Pelvic Fin Body Pattern Similarity Index Ruffe Long with two connected lobes Present Thoraic Spotted or mottled flanks on yellowish-green background N/A Trout-perch Short with one lobe Present Abdominal Spotted/blotched on silvery-olive background Moderately similar Yellow Perch Long with two distinct lobes Absent Thoraic Dark vertical bars on yellowish-green background Moderately similar

Members of the genus Gymnocephalus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 7 species and subspecies in this genus:

G. acerina (Donets Ruffe) · G. acerinus (Don Ersh) · G. baloni (Balon´s Ruffe) · G. cernua (Redfin Darter) · G. cernuus (Eurasian Ruffe) · G. schraetser (Striped Ruffe) · G. schraetzer (Naked Characin)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Vostradovsky, J. (1973). Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. [back]
  2. Collette, B.B., M.A. Ali, K.E.F. Hokanson, M. Nagiec, S.A. Smirnov, J.E.,Thorpe, A.H. Weatherly and J. Willemsen (1977). Biology of the percids. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34(10):1891-1899. [back]
  3. Pinder, A.C. (2001). Keys to larval and juvenile stages of coarse fishes from fresh waters in the British Isles. Freshwater Biological Association. The Ferry House, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, UK. Scientific Publication No. 60. 136 p. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012