Eudocimus ruber

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Subtropical and tropical coasts and beaches near mangrove swamps, keys , muddy estuaries, and tidal flats .

Vegetation: freshwater marshes, freshwater lakes and ponds, tropical lowland evergreen forest, mangrove forests • Foraging Strata: Water • Center of Abundance: Lower tropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; tropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Medium

Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of -24 meters (-78 feet).[1]

Ecology: List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.7     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level   
  
•     5     Wetlands (inland)   
  
•     5.4     Wetlands (inland) - Bogs , Marshes, Swamps , Fens , Peatlands   
  
•     5.5     Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)   
[more info]

Biology

Diet

Small crabs, insects, fish, mollucks, snails, worms, frogs , and green algae.

Reproduction

Ibises nest in large breeding colonies. Both parents cooperate in building the nest -- a loose pile of sticks -- and in caring for the young birds. .

The female ibis lays two or three dull green eggs streaked with brown. After 23 days of incubation , the young hatchling is able to leave the nest.

The young are first featherless, and then a dark brownish color, which slowly changes to the red of their parents as they age.

Migration

Nonmigratory

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Eudocimus ruber (Linnaeus) • Eudocimus ruber (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Similar Species

Roseate Spoonbill, White Ibis

Members of the genus Eudocimus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species and subspecies in this genus:

E. albus (American White Ibis) · E. ruber (Scarlet Ibis)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A Directory of Neotropical Wetlands. IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 137, p. 146, p. 191, p. 193, p. 194, p. 195, p. 196, p. 198, p. 199, p. 246, p. 247, p. 248, p. 249, p. 258, p. 260, p. 261, p. 279, p. 282, p. 283, p. 284, p. 285, p. 286, p. 287, p. 288, p. 289, p. 290, p. 292, p. 293, p. 294, p. 295, p. 298, p. 299, p. 524, p. 526, p. 60, p. 61, p. 617, p. 635, p. 640, p. 66, p. 67, p. 672, p. 78, p. 79, p. 81, p. 83.
• A List of birds' eggs in the collection of Mr. William Stoate, Wembdon, Bridgewater. [188-?] url p. 98.
• A catalogue of the collection of birds formed by the late Hugh Edwin Strickland. Cambridge, Univ. Press, 1882. url p. 526.
• A contribution to the ornithology of the Orinoco region, by George K. Cherrie. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Pub. for the Brooklyn museum, 1916. url p. 362.
• A dictionary of birds, London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. url p. 456.
• A dictionary of birds, by Alfred Newton, assisted by Hans Gadow, with contributions from Richard Lydekker. .. Charles S. Roy. .. and Robert W. Shufeldt. .. London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. url p. 456, p. 456.
• A history of birds / London: Methuen & Co., [1910] url .
• A naturalist in Brazil; the record of a year's observation of her flora, her fauna, and her people, by Konrad Guenther. .. translated by Bernard Miall. .. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1931. url p. 386.
• A student's text-book of zoology / by Adam Sedgwick. London: S. Sonnenschein and co.; 1898-1909. url p. 461.
• A student's text-book of zoology, by Adam Sedgwick. .. London, Macmillan Co., 1898-1909. url p. 461.
• Annotated CITES Appendices and Reservations CITES url p. 62.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 119, p. 136, p. 145, p. 148, p. 148, p. 153, p. 165.
• Biologia centrali-americana: Aves / [London: R.H. Porter], 1879-1904. url , .
• Bird behaviour psychical and physiological, New York, Dodd, Mead and Company[1919] url .
• Bird notes. Brighton: Foreign Bird Club: 1902-1925. url p. 293.
• Birds / by A.H. Evans. London: Macmillan, 1899 (1909 printing). url p. 100, p. 603.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 181, p. 37, p. 43, p. 8.
• Bulletin / Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1971. url p. 100.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 209.
• Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories / Department of the Interior. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1874- url p. 916.
• Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands in Field Museum of Natural History. Charles E. Hellmayr, Boardman Conover. 13 1948 Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1948. url p. 263.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 267, p. 39, p. 41, p. 42.
• Check-list of North American birds. [Ithaca, N.Y.]1957. url p. 56.
• Check-list of North American birds: the species of birds of North America from the Arctic through Panama, including the West Indies and Hawaiian Islands / prepared by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Orni Lawrence, Kan.: American Ornithologists' Union, 1983. url p. 55, p. 800.
• Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-1987. url p. 255.
• Checklist of CITES Species CITES, WCMC url p. 135, p. 147, p. 166, p. 218, p. 51.
• Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 108, p. 124, p. 148, p. 214.
• Checklist of birds listed in the CITES appendices and in EC Regulation 338/97 JNCC url p. 232, p. 241, p. 252, p. 253, p. 9.
• Coral Reefs of the World. url p. 366.
• Directory of Wetlands of International Importance. IUCN url p. 575, p. 745, p. 766.
• Global Biodiversity: status of the Earth's living resources WCMC url p. 324.
• IUCN Directory of Neotropical Protected Areas IUCN url p. 100, p. 207, p. 326, p. 327, p. 331, p. 392, p. 69.
• Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url p. 166, p. 171, p. 206, p. 317, p. 431, p. 538.
• List of the vertebrated animals now or lately living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London, Printed for the Society, 1896. url p. 427.
• Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. 12 1884 Cambridge [Mass.]: The Museum, 1876-1940. url p. 87, p. 87.
• Nature. London, Macmillan. url p. 18, p. 258, p. 260, p. 362, p. 446, p. 627.
• Nomenclature of North American birds chiefly contained in the United States National Museum. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1881. url , .
• Ornithological bibliography. [Washington: Geological Survey [etc.], 1878-1880. url p. 916.
• Ornithological gazetteer of Brazil / Raymond A. Paynter, Jr. and Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. Cambridge, Mass.: Obtainable from Bird Dept., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1991. url p. 694, p. 699, p. 726.
• Ornithological gazetteer of the Guianas / Lorain Stephens and Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. Cambridge, Mass.: Obtainable from Bird Dept., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1985. url p. 108, p. 118.
• Our living world; an artistic edition of the Rev. J. G. Wood's Natural history of animate creation. New York: S. Hess, [1885] url p. 657.
• Our search for a wilderness: an account of two ornithological expeditions to Venezuela and to British Guiana. New York: Holt, 1910. url p. 390.
• Our search for a wilderness; an account of two ornithological expeditions to Venezuela and to British Guiana, London, Constable, 1910. url .
• Papers presented to the World's congress on ornithology; Chicago, C. H. Sergel company, 1896. url .
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 61.
• Proceedings of the International Ornithological Congress. [Canberra, etc.]Australian Academy of Science [etc.] url p. 279.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 198.
• Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London: Academic Press, [etc.], 1833-1965. url , , p. 1007, p. 1048, p. 1048, p. 1058, p. 191, p. 478, p. 485, p. 509, p. 510, p. 510, p. 672, p. 676, p. 711, p. 722, p. 729.
• Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and financial report of the Executive Committee of the Board of Regents for the year ending June 30. .. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1933-1965. url p. 119, p. 136, p. 145, p. 148, p. 148, p. 153, p. 165.
• Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Washington, A. O. P. Nicholson, printer [etc.]1855-60. url .
• Revised list of the vertebrated animals now or lately living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. Supplement containing additions received in 1872, 1873, and 1874. London, For the Society, 1875. url p. 40.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 22 1882 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 217.
• Smithsonian year. 1965 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965-1976. url p. 175.
• Special scientific report--wildlife / U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service, 1949- url p. 13, p. 9, p. 9.
• The Auk. Washington, D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union, etc., 1884- url p. 337, p. 388.
• The Avicultural magazine. Ascot, Berkshire, etc.: Avicultural Society, etc. url p. 216, p. 326, p. 36.
• The Cambridge natural history / edited by S. F. Harmer and A. E. Shipley. London: Macmillan and Co.; 1895-1909. url p. 100.
• The Cambridge natural history, London, Macmillan and Co., Limited;1895-1909 url , .
• The Cambridge natural history, ed. by S.F. Harmer. .. and A.E. Shipley. .. London, Macmillan and co., limited;1895-1909 url p. 100, p. 603, p. 603.
• The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: the Americas IUCN url p. 145.
• The Coues check list of North American birds [Elliott Coues]. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1882. url .
• The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Bombay: The Society, url p. 262.
• The Marine Mammal Commission compendium of selected treaties, international agreements, and other relevant documents on marine resources, wildlife, and the environment / compiled by Richard L. Wallace. Washington, D.C.: The Commission; 1994 url p. 626.
• The birds of British Guiana: based on the collection of Frederick Vavasour McConnell. .. / London: Bernard Quaritch. .., 1916-1921. url p. 165.
• The birds of Cerro de la Neblina, Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela / David E. Willard. .. [et al.]. 65 1991 [Chicago, Ill.]: Field Museum of Natural History, c1991. url fig. 9 , p. 11, p. 65.
• The history of the collections contained in the natural history departments of the British Museum. by R. Bowdler Sharpe. London, 1906. url p. 103, p. 398.
• The non-passerine Pleistocene avifauna of the Talara Tar Seeps, northwestern Peru / Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1979. url p. 32.
• The oologists' hand-book: 1885 catalogue of American birds' eggs, and oological supplies, with prices at which they may be obtained of / Frank H. Lattin. Rochester (N.Y.): John P. Smith, Printer, 1885. url p. 44.
• The structure and classification of birds, London, Longmans, Green, and co., 1898. url , .
• The world's birds a simple and popular classification of the birds of the world, by Frank Finn. With over 50 illustrations from photographs (mostly taken from living specimens) and outline figures in the text. London, Hutchinson & co., 1908. url p. 68, p. 68.
• Timehri. Demerara: "Argosy" url p. 54, p. 9.
• University of California publications in zoology. Berkeley: University Press, 1906- url p. 277, p. 521.
• Wagler's Six ornithological memoirs from the 'Isis.' Edited by P.L. Sclater. London[Printed by Taylor and Francis]1884. url p. 129.
• World Checklist of Threatened Birds Joint Nature Conservation Committee url p. 13, p. 255.
• World Mangrove Atlas International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems url p. 116, p. 174.
• Zoologica; scientific contributions of the New York Zoological Society. New York. url p. 421, p. 76.
• Zoologist. London.1843-1916 url , p. 224.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2009. Eudocimus ruber. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 01February2012.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 09, 2007:

• Avian Knowledge Network, eBird
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• Senckenberg, Collection Aves
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
• , Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8885
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-174931
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13836143
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 174931
• IUCN ID: 208630
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 152976

Footnotes

1. Standard Deviation = 128.980 based on 38 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.