Overview
Family : Perches ; Inhabits muddy (sometimes sandy) pools and backwaters of creeks and small to medium rivers , weedy lakes and ponds , and swamps .
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Danish:
Stumpn
Common Names in English:
Bluntnose Darter, Bluntnose
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
鈍吻鏢鱸, 钝吻镖鲈
Description
Physical Description
Species Etheostoma chlorosoma
Body: Mouth
and snout: Mouth terminal to slightly subterminal
, horizontal,
minute teeth on jaws
. No barbels
. Body patterning, color, and scales
:
Back and upper sides tan or olive with dark blotches and speckling;
sides tan to straw with severalW ,Y andX shaped blotches along lateral
line
and often fine SPOTS present on upper sides; belly white. Dorsal
and caudal fin spotted, other fins
lightly pigmented
or clear. 52-58
ctenoid lateral scales. Body shape
and size: Body fusiform
to cylindrical
and elongated; round
to oval
in cross
section
. Typically 35-50 mm
(1.5-2 in) TL
; maximum about 65 mm (2.5 in).
Fins: Tail, dorsal and other fins: Rounded
or square
tail. Dorsal
fin
with 2 lobes
, clearly separated, the first with 8-9 spines and
the second with 9-11 rays. Pelvic fins thoracic
. Adipose fin
absent.
Anal fin with 1 spine and 7-8 rays.
Distinguishing characteristics: The bluntnose darter
can be distinguished
by its lack of a frenum
(i.e.
, no connection between upper lip and
snout; gap
between them continuous), its single anal spine
, and its
light body with darkX ,W , andY markings, by its lack of a modified
scale between the pelvic fins and its single anal spine. See also
similar species information.
Breeding adults
: Males darker than non-breeders, with yellowish submarginal
band
on first dorsal.
Juveniles
: Similar to adults.
Habitat
Sluggish creeks and small to medium rivers of lowlands and level, undissected uplands . In pools and backwaters without noticeable current , where bottom is sand and organic debris . Also in weedy lakes , ponds , oxbows , sloughs , and swamps . Eggs are laid on plants or plant debris (Page 1983).
Biology
Reproduction
Spawns probably in May in Illinois, beginning in April in Kansas (Kuehne and Barbour 1983), early January-late March in eastern Texas (Hubbs 1985). Age sexual maturity and maximum age of breeding females is 1 year (Bart and Page 1992).
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
)
- Huxley, 1880
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
)
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
)
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
)
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
)
- Order:
Perciformes
(
)
-
- Suborder:
Percoidei
(
)
-
- Family:
Percidae
(
)
- Genus:
Etheostoma
(
)
- Rafinesque, 1819
- Specific name:
chlorosoma
- (Hay, 1881)
- Form:
gan drainage in Illinois, USA.
- Scientific name: - Etheostoma chlorosoma (Hay, 1881)
- Form:
gan drainage in Illinois, USA.
- Specific name:
chlorosoma
- (Hay, 1881)
- Genus:
Etheostoma
(
- Family:
Percidae
(
- Suborder:
Percoidei
(
- Order:
Perciformes
(
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Etheostoma chlorosomum (Hay • Vaillantia chlorosoma Hay
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
First described: Haynald ex
Borb s In: Prim. monogr. ros. hung..
526, 1881.
Similar Species
Fish Name Body Length/SL Frenum Snout Stripe Anal Spines/Rays Dorsal Spines/Rays Lateral Scales Similarity Index Bluntnose Darter 14-18% Absent Continuous over snout 1/7-9 8-9/9-11, lobes separate 52-58, N/A Crystal Darter 11-13% Present Continuous over snout 1/15-16 14/14-16, lobes close 9-95, all pored Very similar Iowa Darter 14-18% Present Gap at tip of snout 2/7-9 8-12/10-12, lobes separate 55-65, Very similar Johnny Darter 14-18% Absent Gap at tip of snout 1/7-9 7-9/11-14, lobes close 37-50, all pored Very similar Least Darter 16-20% Present Continuous or gap at tip 1-2/5-6 5-7/9-10, lobes close 32-38, 0-7 pored Very similar Western Sand Darter 11-13% Absent Absent or gap at tip 1/9-12 10-12/9-12, lobes far apart 69-81, all pored Very similar
Members of the genus Etheostoma
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 194 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
E. acuticeps (Sharphead Darter) · E. aquali (Coppercheek Darter) · E. artesiae (Redspot Darter) · E. asprigene (Mud Darter) · E. atripinne (Cumberland Snubnose Darter) · E. australe (Dardo De Conchos) · E. baileyi (Emerald Clingfish) · E. barbouri (Teardrop Butterflyfish) · E. barrenense (Splendid Darter) · E. basilare (Corrugated Darter) · E. bellator (Warrior Darter) · E. bellum (Orangefin Characin) · E. bison (Buffalo Darter) · E. blennioides (Greenside Darter) · E. blennioides blennioides (Greenside Darter) · E. blennioides gutselli (Tuckasegee Darter) · E. blennioides newmani (Greenside Darter) · E. blennioides pholidotum (Greenside Darter) · E. blennius (Blenny Darter) · E. blennius blennius (Blenny Darter) · E. boschungi (Slackwater Darter) · E. brevirostrum (Holiday Darter) · E. burri (Brook Darter) · E. caerulea (Rainbow Darter) · E. caeruleum (Rainbow Darter) · E. caeruleum caeruleum (Rainbow Darter) · E. camurum (Bluebreast Darter) · E. cervus (Chickasaw Darter) · E. chermocki (Vermilion Darter) · E. chienense (Relict Darter) · E. chlorobranchium (Greenfin Darter?names of Fishes 133) · E. chlorosoma (Bluntnose Darter) · E. chlorosomum (Bluntnose Darter) · E. chuckwachatte (Lipstick Darter) · E. cinerea (Ashy Darter) · E. cinereum (Ashy Darter) · E. collettei (Creole Darter) · E. collis (Carolina Darter) · E. colorosum (Coastal Darter) · E. coosae (Coosa Darter) · E. corona (Crown Darter) · E. cragini (Arkansas Darter) · E. crossopterum (Fringe-Lipped Worm Eel) · E. cymatotaenia (Bluestripe Darter) · E. davisoni (Choctawhatchee Darter) · E. denoncourti (Golden Darter) · E. denoncourtivan (Golden Darter) · E. derivativum (Stone Darter) · E. ditrema (Coldwater Darter) · E. douglasi (Tuskaloosa Darter) · E. duryi (Blackside Snubnose Darter) · E. edwini (Brown Damsel) · E. erythrozonum (Meramec Saddled Darter) · E. etheostoma (Scaly Goby) · E. etnieri (Cherry Darter) · E. etowahae (Etowah Darter) · E. euzonum (Arkansas Saddled Darter) · E. euzonum erizonum (Current Saddled Darter) · E. euzonum euzonum (Arkansas Saddled Darter) · E. exile (Yellowbelly) · E. flabellare (Fantail Darter) · E. flabellare flabellare (Fantail Darter) · E. flabellaris (Fantail Darter) · E. flavum (Saffron Darter) · E. fonticola (Fountain Darter) · E. forbesi (Barrens Darter) · E. fragi (Strawberry Darter) · E. fricksia (Savannah Darter) · E. fricksium (Savannah Darter) · E. fusiforme (Swamp Darter) · E. fusiforme barratti (Swamp Darter) · E. fusiforme fusiforme (Swamp Darter) · E. gracile (Slough Darter) · E. grahami (Rio De La Plata Onesided Livebearer) · E. gutselli (Tuckasegee Darter) · E. histrio (Harlequin Darter?134 Names of Fishes) · E. hopkinsi (Christmas Darter) · E. hopkinsi binotatum (Christmas Darter) · E. hopkinsi hopkinsi (Christmas Darter) · E. inscriptum (Turquiose Cichlid) · E. jessiae (Blueside Darter) · E. jordani (Greenbreast Darter) · E. juliae (Yoke Darter) · E. kanawhae (Kanawha Darter) · E. kantuckeense (Highfinned Parrotfish) · E. kennicotti (Stripetail Darter) · E. lachneri (Tombigbee Darter) · E. lawrencei (Headwater Darter) · E. lepidum (Greenstripe Rockfish) · E. longimana (Longfin Darter) · E. longimanum (Longfin Darter) · E. lugoi (Tufa Darter) · E. luteovinctum (Redband Darter) · E. luteovinctumin (Redband Darter) · E. lynceum (Brighteye Darter) · E. macrocephalum (Longhead Darter) · E. maculata (Spotted Darter) · E. maculatum (Spotted Darter) · E. mariae (Pinewoods Darter) · E. meadiae (Bluespar Darter)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- A reexamination of the phylogenetic relationships of the sand darters (Teleostei: Percidae) / by Kate A. Shaw, Andrew M. Simons, and E.O. Wiley. 1999 [Lawrence, Kan.]: Natural History Museum, The University of Kansas, [1999] url p. 4.
- Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science. Lexington, KY: The Academy, 1998- url p. 160, p. 76, p. 80.
- Occasional papers / Tulane University, Museum of Natural History. 1994 [Belle Chasse, La.]: The Museum, 1977- url p. 2, p. 20.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- FishBase. Release date: January 5, 2010
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- Lyons, John. WiscFish.org University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin Sea Grant. Provided photos, physical description, and table comparing similar species.
- NatureServe. 2005. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 4.6. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available http://www.natureserve.org/explorer. (Accessed: December 25, 2005 ).
- Parin, Nikolay V. (from FishBase).
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:
- Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
- FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
- University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection
- University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History: Fish specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 6174950
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-154709
- Fishbase Species ID: 3408
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 168365
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCQC02120
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 178913
