Erinaceus europaeus

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Mammal. Hedgehogs threaten native invertebrates , reptiles , amphibians , and ground-nesting birds, and compete with native insectivores.

Common Names

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Prefer dry well drained sites for nests . Hibernates during extended cold weather (e.g. winter, or when mean ground temperatures reach 10-11 degrees C). Males emerge from, and enter hibernation earlier than females. New Zealand lacks natural predators such as large owls, badgers and foxes and has milder winters than Europe, which contributes to a longer breeding season and better yearly survival.

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,303 meters (0 to 4,275 feet).[1]

Biome: agricultural areas, coastland, disturbed areas, natural forest , range/grasslands, scrub/shrublands, urban areas, wetlands

Ecology:
List of Habitats :3.4Shrubland - Temperate 3.5Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 4.4Grassland - Temperate

Biology

Reproduction

Placental . Sexual. In New Zealand, they have one, possibly two litters per year where climate allows (usually just one litter in Europe). Each litter has 4 or 5 young. Sexually mature by about 9 months old, but may not breed until after first winter (hibernation).

Gestation period of 35 +/- 4 days. At 3-4 weeks old the young first explore outside the nest . At 5-6 weeks old they become fully weaned and independent . Average life expectancy in the wild is about 3-4 years (6-8 years max .).

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 28-Nov-2006

Similar Species

Members of the genus Erinaceus

There are approximately 62 species in this genus:

E. aethiopicus · E. albiventris · E. albiventris albiventris · E. albulus turfanicus · E. algirus · E. algirus algirus · E. algirus vagans · E. amurensis (Amur Hedgehog) · E. amurensis amurensis (Amur Hedgehog) · E. amurensis dealbatus · E. auritus · E. blanfordi · E. brachydactylus · E. collaris · E. concolor (Southern White-Breasted Hedgehog) · E. concolor concolor (Southern White-Breasted Hedgehog) · E. concolor nesiotes · E. concolor rhodius · E. concolor roumanicus · E. concolor transcaucasicus (Eastern European Hedgehog) · E. danubicus · E. dauuricus · E. dealbatus · E. ecaudatus · E. europaeus (Western European Hedgehog) · E. europaeus amurensis · E. europaeus centralrossicus · E. europaeus concolor · E. europaeus consolei · E. europaeus dealbatus · E. europaeus europaeus · E. europaeus hispanicus · E. europaeus italicus · E. europaeus koreensis · E. europaeus occidentalis · E. europaeus roumanicus · E. europeus · E. frontalis · E. frontalis frontalis · E. hanensis · E. holdereri · E. hudsonicus · E. hughi · E. hypomelas · E. jerdoni · E. kreyenbergi · E. libycus · E. megalotis · E. micropus · E. nudiventris · E. pruneri · E. roumanicus (Northern White-Breasted Hedgehog) · E. roumanicus bolkayi · E. roumanicus dissimilis · E. roumanicus nesiotes · E. roumanicus roumanicus · E. samsonowiczi · E. sansaniensis · E. sclateri · E. setosus · E. sibiricus · E. tschifuensis

More Info

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Further Reading

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• yl Jeffries, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
• Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 20, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Mammal specimens
• Museum of Texas Tech University
• , Mammal specimens
• Royal Ontario Museum, Mammal specimens
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Biological Records Centre - Mammal records from Britain from the Atlas of Mammals
• , with some subsequent records

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2479423
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-633540
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14468683
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 633540
• IUCN ID: 29650
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 12724

Footnotes

1. Mean = 226.670 meters (743.668 feet), Standard Deviation = 314.170 based on 12,521 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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