Ectopistes migratorius

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Extinct

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Ecology: It was a nomadic species, breeding and foraging in vast flocks millions of birds strong . It exploited seasonally available crops of beechmast, acorns and chestnuts; scouting for food sources and infomation sharing was likely to have required flocks of a certain critical size , below which survival would be compromised. Birds nested in April or May in vast colonies typically 16 by 5 km in size.

[1].

List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.4     Forest - Temperate   
[more info]

Biology

Reproduction

The breeding season for this bird was probably from April extending until July. The breeding habitat was forested areas. The Passenger Pigeon was mostly a colonial nesting species, with up to 100 nests in an individual nest tree grouped into a colony spanning up to hundreds of square miles . The nest was a platform nest made from twigs . Usually, the female laid one egg that was incubated by both adults for about 13 days. Apparently the male did most of the incubating during midday (from about 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. ). The adults would care for the altricial young for about two weeks, after which the chick was left to fend for itself.

Migration

These birds were highly social, collecting into large flocks for migration. Some flocks were recorded to have been a mile wide and around 300 miles long, darkening the sky for days as they passed through an area. A single flock has been estimated to have had up to 2 billion birds. During migration, groups of Passenger Pigeons gathered in an area to roost for the evening.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus, 1766)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 26-May-2005

Similar Species

The most similar species is probably the Mourning Dove. The Mourning Dove is smaller, lacks the reddish breast, and has a dark spot on each side of the neck.

Members of the genus Ectopistes

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species and subspecies in this genus:

E. migratoria (Passenger Pigeon) · E. migratorius (Red-Breasted Pigeon)

More Info

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• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

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• A biological investigation of the Hudson Bay region. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1902. url , .
• A book of birds. 1908 London, Sidney Appleton, 1908. url p. 140.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds with notes on the distribution of the species / by Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B.: J. McMillan, 1887. url , p. 53.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds, By Montague Chamberlain. Saint John, N.B., J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url p. 132, p. 132, p. 53, p. 53.
• A catalogue of Canadian birds: with notes on the distribution of the species / Saint John, N.B.: J. & A. McMillan, 1887. url , .
• A catalogue of the birds of Indiana / by Amos W. Butler. S.l.: s.n., 1891? url p. 43, p. 43.
• A catalogue of the birds of the Virginias / by Wm. C. Rives. Newport, R.I.: Printed for the Society by T.T. Pitman, 1890. url p. 59, p. 96.
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• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 11.
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• The birds of Connecticut, Hartford, Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1913. url , , , , .
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• The birds of Ontario; being a concise account of every species of bird known to have been found in Ontario with a description of their nests and eggs and instructions for collecting birds and preparing and preserving skins By Thomas McIlwraith. London, T. F. Unwin, 1894. url p. 182.
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• The birds of Washington; a complete, scientific and popular account of the 372 species of birds found in the state, by William Leon Dawson, assisted by John Hooper Bowles. Illustrated by more than 300 original half-tones of birds in life, nests, eggs, and favorite haunts, from photographs by the author and others, Seattle: The Occidental Pub. Co., 1909. url p. 981.
• The birds of Wyoming / By Wilbur C. Knight. Laramie, Wyo.: Wyoming Experiment Station, 1902. url p. 111, p. 367.
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• The birds of the British Isles and their eggs. by T.A. Coward; with 213 accurately coloured illustrations by Archibald Thorburn and others, reproduced from Lord Lilford's work Coloured figures of the birds of the British Islands, and 69 photograp London; F. Warne, 1920. url p. 367.
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• The birds of the West Indies. Including all speciesknown to occur in the Bahama Islands, the Greater Antilles, the Caymans, and the Lesser Antilles, excepting the islands of Tobago and Trinidad. By Charles B. Cory. Boston, Estes & Lauriat, 1889. url p. 214.
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• The naturalist of the Saint Croix. Memoir of George A. Boardman. A selection from his correspondence and published writings, notices of friends and contemporaries, with his list of the birds of Maine and New Brunswick. By Samuel Lane Boardman... Bangor, Priv. print., 1903. url p. 309, p. 309.
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• The passenger pigeon in Pennsylvania, its remarkable history, habits and extinction, with interesting side lights on the folk and forest lore of the Alleghenian region of the old Keystone state, by John C. French, with chapters by Samuel N. Rhoads, Dr. B. H. Warren, Henry W. Shoemaker, Charles H. Eldon, James V. Bennett, John H. Chatham, and others. Altoona, Pa., Altoona tribune company, 1919. url p. 7.
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Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2008. Ectopistes migratorius. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 13, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 13, 2008:

• Avian Knowledge Network: eBird
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Bird Collection
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• New Brunswick Museum: NBM birds
• Royal Ontario Museum: Bird specimens
• UCLA-Dickey Bird Collection (UCLA-Dickey): Bird specimens
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-177132
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14578582
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 177132
• IUCN ID: 206575
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNPB05010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 278

Footnotes

1. BirdLife International 2008. Ectopistes migratorius. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.