Overview
The 'laugh' of the Kookaburra is one of the most enduring sounds of the Australian bush . Kookaburras are usually seen perched high in trees or on tall poles , watching for prey .
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Kookaburra, Laughing Kookaburra
Common Names in French:
Martin-Chasseur Géant
Common Names in German:
Jägerliest
Description
Physical Description
Species Dacelo novaeguineae
Kookaburras, known as the Laughing Jackasses of Australia, are from the family
Kingfishers. Similar to other kingfishers, Kookaburras have a stout and compact
body, short neck, rather long and pointed
bill and short legs
.
Kookaburras are 17 inches in height
, the upper parts dark brown, the wings spotted gray-blue. A white band
separates the head
from the body. There is a dark stripe
through the eye, and the under parts are white. The strong
bill is black.
Habitat
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:1.5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
Biology
Diet
The world's largest kingfisher eats very few fish. It feeds mainly on lizards, snakes , and insects. In the wild, Kookaburras are known to be partial to the young of other birds and snakes, as well as insects and small reptiles .
Reproduction
Kookaburras generally live in pairs or in small groups in open woodland. They incubate their two to four pure white eggs in hollow tree trunks , tree holes, or in excavated termite nests . Both adults incubate for a period of 25 days. The young leave the nest 30 days after hatching , but the parents continue to feed them for another 40 days.
Behavior
The Kookaburra's rolling, laughing call
is one of the best-known sounds
in the animal world. The birds raise a wild chorus of crazy laughter as they go to roost in the treetops at dusk, and again wake everyone within hearing just as dawn breaks
, so regularly that in the hinterlands of Australia they are know as the "bushman's clock."
Australians
value the Kookaburra, not only as an intriguing member
of the strange fauna
, but for its habit of feeding on snakes
and lizards. The Kookaburra seizes snakes behind
the head
and kills them by dropping them from a height
, or else carries them to a perch and batters them senseless with its big bill before swallowing them.
Less welcome is the Kookaburra's fondness for the young of other birds, and its occasional raids on farmyards for ducklings and baby
chicks.
Its famous laugh is a territorial call , sung mostly at dawn and dusk.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Aves
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Birds
- Subclass:
Neornithes
(
)
- Gadow, 1893
- Infraclass:
Neoaves
(
)
- Superorder:
Coraciimorphae
(
)
- Order:
Coraciiformes
(
)
- Forbes, 1884
- Suborder:
Alcedini
(
)
- Infraorder:
Alcedinides
(
)
-
- Parvorder:
Alcedinida
(
)
- Family:
Alcedinidae
(
)
- Genus:
Dacelo
(
)
- Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
- Specific name:
novaeguineae
- (Hermann, 1783)
- Scientific name: - Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783)
- Specific name:
novaeguineae
- (Hermann, 1783)
- Genus:
Dacelo
(
- Family:
Alcedinidae
(
- Parvorder:
Alcedinida
(
- Infraorder:
Alcedinides
(
- Suborder:
Alcedini
(
- Order:
Coraciiformes
(
- Superorder:
Coraciimorphae
(
- Infraclass:
Neoaves
(
- Subclass:
Neornithes
(
- Class:
Aves
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783)
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 12-Jun-2005
Similar Species
Members of the genus Dacelo
There are approximately 16 species in this genus:
D. gaudichaud (Rufous-Bellied Kookaburra) · D. gaudichaudi · D. gigas · D. leachii (Blue-Winged Kookaburra) · D. leachii cervina · D. leachii intermedia · D. leachii leachii · D. leachii occidentalis · D. leachii superflua · D. novaeguineae (Kookaburra) · D. novaeguineae minor · D. novaeguineae novaeguineae · D. pygmaeus · D. tyro (Spangled Kookaburra) · D. tyro archboldi · D. tyro tyro
Bibliography
- Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places: For References from A–L. For References from M–Z.
- BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
- BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Notes
Contributors
- Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage
- BirdLife International 2004. Dacelo novaeguineae. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
- BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 11, 2006.
- Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY USA
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
- Honolulu Zoo
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum: Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
- OZCAM (Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums) Provider: Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3853710
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-554574
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 328974
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 554574
- IUCN ID: 47708
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 151487
