Interesting Facts
Common Names
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Common Names in English:
Hardwicke's Rat Snake
Common Names in German:
Gefleckte Zornnatter
Description
Family Colubridae
The family Colubridae, which includes the kingsnakes (Lampropeltis spp. ), is the largest, most widespread, and diverse family of snakes , with few physical characteristics universal among all species. The family contains 70 percent of the known species of snakes, with more than 1700 species worldwide (Pough et al. 1998). Although some colubrids are dangerously venomous , most are harmless to humans. [1]
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 629 meters (0 to 2,064 feet).[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
()
- Goodrich, 1930
- Subclass:
Diapsida
()
- Infraclass:
Lepidosauromorpha
()
- Superorder:
Lepidosauria
()
-
- Order:
Squamata
()
- Suborder:
Serpentes
()
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
- Superfamily:
Colubroidea
()
- Family:
Colubridae
()
- Colubrids
- Subfamily:
Colubrinae
()
- Genus:
Coluber
()
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Specific name:
ventromaculatus
- GRAY 1834
- Scientific name: - Coluber ventromaculatus GRAY 1834
- Specific name:
ventromaculatus
- GRAY 1834
- Genus:
Coluber
(
- Subfamily:
Colubrinae
(
- Family:
Colubridae
(
- Superfamily:
Colubroidea
(
- Suborder:
Serpentes
(
- Order:
Squamata
(
- Superorder:
Lepidosauria
(
- Infraclass:
Lepidosauromorpha
(
- Subclass:
Diapsida
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Argyrogena ventromaculatus Sharma 2004 • Coluber ventrimaculatus Corkill 1932 • Eremiophis Ventromaculatus ? • Haemorrhois Ventromaculatus • Platyceps ventromaculatus SchÄtti & Monsch 2004
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Coluber
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 33 species and subspecies in this genus:
C. andreanus (Andreas' Racer) · C. bholanathi (Sharma's Racer) · C. brevis (Short Racer) · C. constrictor (Eastern Racer) · C. constrictor anthicus (Buttermilk Racer) · C. constrictor constrictor (Northern Black Racer) · C. constrictor etheridgei (Tan Racer) · C. constrictor flaviventris (Eastern Yellowbelly Racer) · C. constrictor foxii (Blue Racer) · C. constrictor helvigularis (Brown Chin Racer) · C. constrictor latrunculus (Black-Masked Racer) · C. constrictor oaxaca (Mexican Racer) · C. constrictor paludicola (Everglades Racer) · C. constrictor priapus (Southern Black Racer) · C. elegantissimus (Elegant Racer) · C. flagellum (Coachwhip) · C. flagellum flagellum (Eastern Coachwhip) · C. florulentus (Flowered Racer) · C. florulentus florulentus (Flowered Racer) · C. gracilis (Graceful Racer) · C. karelini (Spotted Desert Racer) · C. mentovarius (Neotropical Whip Snake) · C. messanai (Schatti's Racer) · C. mormon mormon (Western Yellow-Bellied Racer) · C. najadum (Ghamcheh Snake) · C. najadum najadum (Ghamcheh Snake) · C. rogersi (Rogers' Racer) · C. sinai (Sinai Racer.) · C. smithi (Smith's Racer) · C. thomasi (Thomas' Semi-Banded Racer) · C. variabilis (Variable Snake) · C. ventromaculatus (Hardwicke's Rat Snake) · C. ventromaculatus ventromaculatus (Hardwicke's Rat Snake)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Asiatic herpetological research. 7 1997 Berkeley, Calif.: Asiatic Herpetological Research Society; c1990- url khan, page 51, fig. 1, page 52, p. 53, figs. 2-5, page 54, fig. 6, page 55, p. 56, p. 57, p. 58.
- Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 65.
- Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. 1970 Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1946-1996. url p. 127.
- Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 140, p. 173, p. 196, p. 312, p. 477, p. 79.
- Reptiles and amphibians from southwestern Asia, by Karl P. Schmidt. 24 1939 Chicago, 1939. url p. 74.
- Reptiles of Marshall Field North Arabian desert expeditions, 1927-1928, by Karl P. Schmidt. 17 1930 Chicago, 1930. url p. 226.
- Reptilia and Batrachia. By George A. Boulenger. London: Taylor and Francis, 1890. url p. 325.
- Sexual size differences in reptiles / by Henry S. Fitch. 1981 Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1981. url p. 68.
- Spixiana. 5 1982 München: Zoologische Staatssammlung München, 1977- url baran , fig. 1, p. 51, p. 54.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- TIGR Reptile Database . Release date: October 2, 2007
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 27, 2008:
- California Academy of Sciences: CAS Herpetology Collection Catalog
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2538038
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Rep-9683
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 617243
Footnotes
- Painter, Charles W., Chuck L. Hayes, and James N. Stuart "Recovery and Conservation of the Gray-Banded Kingsnake. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish. May 1, 2002. [back]
- Mean = 176.000 meters (577.428 feet), Standard Deviation = 247.920 based on 6 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
