Colinus virginianus

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

The Northern Bobwhite uses brushy habitat , such as abandoned fields . Variability in the habitat is also preferred for this species, using pine, hedgerows and shrub habitat during different parts of its life cycle.

Vegetation: arid lowland scrubs, second-growth scrub, arid lowland scrubs, northern temperate grasslands • Maximum Elevation: 2,500 meters • Foraging Strata: Terrestrial • Center of Abundance: Lower tropical: lowlands, lower than 500 m.; tropics. • Sensitivity to Disturbancet: Low

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,848 meters (0 to 9,344 feet).[1]

Ecology: List of Habitats : 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 4.4 Grassland - Temperate 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest

Biology

Diet

The Northern Bobwhite eat seeds, fruit, plant parts, spiders, and insects. More insects are eaten in the summer, and more seeds and other plant products are eaten in winter.

Reproduction

The breeding season begins in mid-April, peaks in May and June, and extends into September. Found in the grass , the nest is a depression lined with fine grass. The female usually lays 12-16 eggs (range , 6-28). Both adults incubate the eggs for 23-24 days, and care for the precocial young for 6-7 days after they hatch . The young are able to capture food themselves after approximately 7 days. The family group stays together with the covey, a group of 2 or more families of Bobwhite.

• Breeding Habitat : Successional-scrub

• Clutch Size: 12-20
• Length of Incubation : 23-24 days
• Days to Fledge : 6-7
• Number of Broods: 1

Migration

Nonmigratory

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 06-Aug-2005.

Similar Species

Scaled Quail, Gambel's Quail

Members of the genus Colinus

There are approximately 54 species in this genus:

C. coyolcos · C. cristatus (Crested Bobwhite) · C. cristatus badius · C. cristatus barnesi · C. cristatus bogotensis · C. cristatus cristatus (Crested Bobwhite) · C. cristatus decoratus · C. cristatus horvathi · C. cristatus leucopogon · C. cristatus leucotis · C. cristatus littoralis · C. cristatus mariae · C. cristatus mocquerysi · C. cristatus panamensis · C. cristatus parvicristatus · C. cristatus sonnini · C. godmani · C. graysoni · C. leucopogon (Spot-Bellied Bobwhite) · C. leucopogon dickeyi · C. leucopogon hypoleucus · C. leucopogon incanus · C. leucopogon leucopogon · C. leucopogon leylandi · C. leucopogon sclateri · C. nigrogularis (Black-Throated Bobwhite) · C. nigrogularis caboti · C. nigrogularis nigrogularis (Black-Throated Bobwhite) · C. nigrogularis persiccus · C. nigrogularis segoviensis · C. pectoralis · C. philippinus · C. ridgwayi · C. virginianus (Virginia Partridge) · C. virginianus aridus · C. virginianus atriceps · C. virginianus coyolcos · C. virginianus cubanensis · C. virginianus floridanus (Northern Bobwhite) · C. virginianus godmani · C. virginianus graysoni · C. virginianus harrisoni · C. virginianus insignis · C. virginianus insulanus · C. virginianus maculatus · C. virginianus minor · C. virginianus nigripectus · C. virginianus pectoralis · C. virginianus ridgwayi (Northern Bobwhite) · C. virginianus salvini · C. virginianus taylori (Northern Bobwhite) · C. virginianus texanus (Northern Bobwhite) · C. virginianus thayeri · C. virginianus virginianus (Virginia Partridge)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A bibliography of birds: with special reference to anatomy, behavior, biochemistry --. by Reuben Myron Strong Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1946 UND url p. 125, p. 264, p. 42.
• A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. ENG url p. 9.
• A guide to the birds of New England and eastern New York; containing a key for each season and short descriptions of over 250 species, with particular reference to their appearance in the field, by Ralph Huffmann...with four full page plates by Louis Agas BostonHoughton, Mifflin and company1904. ENG url p. 251, p. 353.
• A history of the birds of Colorado, by William Lutley Sclater.. . London, Witherby and amp; co., 1912. ENG url p. 139.
• A list of the birds of New Hampshire. By Glover M. Allen. Manchester, N.H., Nature Study press, 1903. ENG url p. 209.
• A manual of North American birds. By Robert Ridgway. Illustrated by 464 outline drawings of the generic characters. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1887. ENG url p. 604, p. 607, p. 626.
• A new genus and species of quill mites (Acarina, Syringophilidae) from Colinus virginianus (Galliformes, Phasianidae) with notes on developmental chaetotaxy / John B. Kethley. [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1973. ENG url p. 1, p. 2, p. 4.
• A popular handbook of the birds of the United States and Canada, by Thomas Nuttall. Boston, Little, Brown, 1903. ENG url p. 23, p. 419.
• A popular handbook of the ornithology of eastern North America. By Thomas Nuttall. Boston, Little, Brown, and Company, 1896. ENG url p. 23.
• Abstract of proceedings of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia]Delaware Valley Ornithological Club. ENG url p. 21.
• Animal Ecology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1961. ENG url p. 142.
• Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- ENG url p. 389, p. 551.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. ENG url p. 102, p. 104, p. 150, p. 151, p. 244, p. 430, p. 56, p. 67, p. 92, p. 94, p. 94, p. 97, p. 98.
• Asteroid notes. Northfield, Minn, Goodsell Observatory of Carleton College, 1934-1950. ENG url p. 67.
• Audubon and his journals, by Maria R. Audubon. With zoical and other notes by Elliott Coues. New York, Scribner's Sons, 1897. ENG url p. 533.
• Beneath tropic seas; a record of diving among the coral reefs of Haiti, by William Beebe.. . with sixty illustrations. New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1928. ENG url p. 220.
• Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements.. . and Victor E. Shelford.. . New York, J. Wiley and amp; Sons, inc.;1939. ENG url p. 403.
• Bird homes: the nests, eggs, and breeding habits of the land birds breeding in the eastern United States; with hints on the rearing and photographing of young birds / by A. Radclyffe Dugmore; illustrated with photographs from nature by the author. New York: Doubleday, Page, 1905. ENG url p. 52, p. 73.
• Bird notes. Brighton: Foreign Bird Club: 1902-1925. ENG url p. 89.
• Bird-life: a guide to the study of our common birds / by Frank M. Chapman; illustrated by Ernest Seton Thompson. New York: Appleton, 1900. ENG url p. 190.
• Bird-life; a guide to the study of our common birds, by Frank M. Chapman, with plates and text drawings by Ernest Seton Thompson. New York, D. Appleton and amp; co., 1899. ENG url p. 264.
• Bird-lore. New York, National Association of Audubon Societies. ENG url p. 195, p. 395.
• BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K.
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• Birds of eastern Canada, by P. A. Taverner. Ottawa, J. de L. Tachprinter, 1919. ENG url p. 107, p. 276.
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• College zoology, by Robert W. Hegner. New York, The Macmillan company, 1912. ENG url p. 606.
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• Des hybrides à l'état sauvage. Règne animal. 1. volume. (Classe des oiseaux) par André Suchetet.. . Lille, Impr. Le Bigot frères, 1896. FRE url p. 6.
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• Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. ENG url p. 161, p. 944.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. ENG url p. 26, p. 442.
• Fauna och flora: populr tidskrift fr biologi. Uppsala: Almqvist and amp; Wiksells, 1906-1967; SWE url p. 52.
• Fauna of New England. List of the Araneida. Boston, For Society, 1908. ENG url p. 5.
• First report of the Michigan Academy of Science: covering the time from the organization of the Academy in 1894 to June 30, 1899 / by Walter B. Barrows; prepared under the direction of the Council. Lansing, Mich.: R. Smith, 1900. ENG url p. 166.
• First report of the state zoist: accompanied with Notes on the birds of Minnesota / by P.L. Hatch, Henry F. Nachtrieb, state zoist. Minneapolis: Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota: 1892. ENG url p. 454.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. ENG url p. 18, p. 19, p. 87.
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• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. ENG url p. 216, p. 71.
• Handbook of birds of the western United States, including the great plains, great basin, Pacific slope, and lower Rio Grande valley, by Florence Merriam Bailey, with thirty-three full-page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes, and over six hundred cuts in the Boston, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1904. ENG url p. 115.
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Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 30, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 19 providers.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 30, 2007:

• Avian Knowledge Network, eBird
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Ontario Nest Records
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds
• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility, Royal British Columbia Museum
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• New Brunswick Museum, NBM birds
• Royal Ontario Museum, Bird specimens
• Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara Musem of Natural History
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM, CNAV/Coleccion Nacional de Aves
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
• , Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3854627
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-677605
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14099100
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 175863
• IUCN ID: 54207
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNLC21020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 272

Footnotes

1. Mean = 238.920 meters (783.858 feet), Standard Deviation = 319.830 based on 8,530 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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