Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Hangul, Shou
Common Names in Dutch:
Edelhert
Common Names in English:
American Elk, Elk, European Red Deer, Maral, Red Deer, Wapiti, Wapiti Or Elk
Common Names in French:
Cerf Elaphe, Wapiti
Common Names in German:
Edelhirsch, Rothirsch
Common Names in Russian:
Олень благородный (красный)
Common Names in Spanish:
Ciervo Colorado, Ciervo Común, Ciervo Comn
Description
Physical Description
Species Cervus elaphus
Male American Elk sport large antlers. A rack of antlers can weight 30 pounds and measure 5' across, and require special neck muscles to support them. Large antlers suggest good health -- important information for a female selecting a mate.
Size/Age/Growth
American Elk stand 4-5' tall at the shoulder , and weight 500-1,000 pounds .
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,248 meters (0 to 10,656 feet).[1]
Ecology:
List of Habitats
:1.4Forest - Temperate
1.5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
1.6Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
1.9Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
3.4Shrubland - Temperate
3.8Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation
4.4Grassland - Temperate
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Mammalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Mammals
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
)
- (Rowe, 1988) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
)
- (Wible Et Al., 1995) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
)
- (Parker & Haswell, 1897) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
)
- (Owen, 1837) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) Mckenna, in Stucky & Mckenna, in Benton, Ed., 1993
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
(
)
- (C. Linnaeus, 1766) Mckenna, 1975
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
(
)
- Mckenna, 1975
- Order:
Artiodactyla
(
)
- Owen, 1848
- Even-Toed Ungulates
- Suborder:
Ruminantia
(
)
- Scopoli, 1777
- Suborder:
Ruminantia
(
- Order:
Artiodactyla
(
- Mirorder:
Eparctocyona
(
- Grandorder:
Ungulata
(
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
- Class:
Mammalia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 22-Apr-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Cervus
There are approximately 159 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
C. (Rusa) philippinus · C. acoronatus · C. affinis · C. albirostris (White-Lipped Deer) · C. alces · C. alfredi (Philippine Spotted Deer) · C. astylodon · C. australis · C. axis · C. axis axis · C. axis major · C. bactrianus · C. belgrandi · C. bezoarticus · C. brachyceros · C. brevitrabalis · C. brookei · C. camelopardalis · C. canadensis · C. canadensis canadensis · C. canadensis manitobensis · C. canadensis nelsoni · C. capreolus (Red Deer) · C. cervus · C. cervus elaphus (European Red Deer) · C. cusanus · C. dama · C. dama dama · C. dama mesopotamica · C. dicranios · C. dicranius · C. dicranocerus · C. dimorphe · C. duvauceli · C. duvaucelii (Barasingha) · C. duvaucelii branderi (Upland Barasingha) · C. duvaucelii duvaucelii (Barasingha) · C. duvaucelii ranjitsinhi · C. duvauceli branderi · C. duvauceli duvauceli · C. dybowskii · C. elaphas · C. elaphoides · C. elaphus (European Red Deer) · C. elaphus affinis (Wapiti Or Elk) · C. elaphus alashanicus (Alashan Wapiti) · C. elaphus asiaticus · C. elaphus atlanticus · C. elaphus bactrianus (Bactrian Deer) · C. elaphus barbarus (Wapiti Or Elk) · C. elaphus canadensis (American Wapiti) · C. elaphus corsicanus (Corsican Red Deer) · C. elaphus elaphus (European Red Deer) · C. elaphus hanglu (Kashmir Red Deer) · C. elaphus hippelaphus · C. elaphus hispanicus · C. elaphus kansuensis · C. elaphus macneilli (Macneill's Red Deer) · C. elaphus maral · C. elaphus merriami (Merriam's Elk) · C. elaphus nannodes (Wapiti Or Elk) · C. elaphus nelsoni (Rocky Mountain Elk) · C. elaphus roosevelti (Roosevelt Elk) · C. elaphus scoticus · C. elaphus sibiricus · C. elaphus songaricus · C. elaphus wallichi (Shou) · C. elaphus x · C. elaphus xanthopygus · C. elaphus yarkandensis (Yarkand Deer) · C. eldi · C. eldii (Eld's Brow-Antlered Deer) · C. eldii eldii (Manipur Brow-Antlered Deer) · C. eldii siamensis (Thailand Brow-Antlered Deer) · C. eldii thamin (Burmese Brow-Antlered Deer) · C. eldi eldi · C. eldi siamensis · C. eldi thamin · C. elephas · C. elephus · C. ertborni · C. eustephanus · C. falconeri · C. giganteus · C. grayi · C. hippelaphus · C. hortulorum · C. humilis · C. javanicus · C. kazusensis · C. kuhlii · C. leucurus · C. lydekkeri · C. maral · C. maral fossilis · C. mariannus (Philippine Brown Deer) · C. mariannus mariannus · C. mariannus nigricans · C. marianus · C. matheroni
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Further Reading
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- A study of the mammals of Iran: resulting from the Street Expedition of 1962-63 [by] Douglas M. Lay. [Chicago]Field Museum of Natural History, 1967. ENG url p. 224, p. 276, p. 75.
- A survey of the mammals of Afghanistan, resulting from the 1965 Street Expedition (excluding bats) [by] Jerry D. Hassinger. [Chicago]Field Museum of Natural History, 1973. ENG url p. 163, p. 164, p. x.
- A text-book of zoology, by the late T. Jeffery Parker and William A. Haswell London, Macmillian and co., limited, 1921. ENG url p. 520, p. 525, p. 527.
- Abhandlungen der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Nrnberg. Nrnberg: Conrad Geiger, 1852- GER url p. 138, p. 146, p. 314, p. 71, p. 75.
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Deer Specialist Group 1996. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 20, 2008.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 11, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 24 providers.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:
- Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Mammal specimens
- Marine Science Institute, UCSB, Paleobiology Database
- Michigan State University Museum, Vertebrate specimens
- Museum of Texas Tech University
- , Mammal specimens
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- OZCAM
- Provider, Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
- Royal Ontario Museum, Mammal specimens
- Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Mammal Collection
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Biological Records Centre - Mammal records from Britain from the Atlas of Mammals
- , with some subsequent records
- University of Navarra, Museum of Zoology, Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5692947
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-202406
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13784881
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 180695
- IUCN ID: 41785
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AMALC01010
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 178537
Footnotes
- Mean = 300.320 meters (985.302 feet), Standard Deviation = 517.090 based on 1,784 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
