Caranx crysos (Black Jack, Blue Runner, Bluestripe Jack, Boca Abou, Crevalle, Golden Jack, Green Jack, Hardnose, Hardtail, Hardtailed Jack, Horse Mackerel, Jack, Mackerel, Runner, White Back Cavalli, Yara Yag, Yaru Boca Abau, Yellow Mackerel, Yellow Tail Cavalli)

Overview

Family : Jacks and pompanos ; A schooling species generally not far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Juveniles often found in association with floating Sargassum (Ref. 5217). Feeds on fishes , shrimps, and other invertebrates . Spawns offshore from January through August (Ref. 26938). Excellent food fish (Ref. 9626); marketed fresh, frozen (Ref. 5521), and salted. Often used for bait (Ref. 26938).

Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Arabic:

ﻲﻟﺎﻳﺮﺒﻣﺃ ﻭﺭﻭﺎﺻ, Bagha, ﻲﻟﺎﻳﺮﺒﻣﺃ ﻭﺭﻭﺎﺻ, Sawro Imbriali

Common Names in Catalan:

Sorell Del Sud, Sorella Del Sud

Common Names in Creole, Fren:

Kaw�ng Tizye

Common Names in Creole, French:

Kaw�ng Tizye, Kawãng Tizye

Common Names in Creole, Port:

Bonito, Enforcado

Common Names in Creole, Portuguese:

Bonito, Enforcado

Common Names in Creoles and Pidgins,:

Bonito, Enforcado, Kawãng Tizye

Common Names in Danish:

Blå Løber, Bl� L�ber, Hestemakrel

Common Names in English:

Atún, Black Jack, Blue Runner, Bluestripe Jack, Boca Abou, Bonito, Crevalle, Golden Jack, Green Jack, Guïra, Hardnose, Hardtail, Hardtailed Jack, Horse Mackerel, Jack, Mackerel, Pompano, Runner, White Back Cavalli, Yara Yag, Yaru Boca Abau, Yellow Mackerel, Yellow Tail Cavalli

Common Names in Fon:

Kpankpan

Common Names in Fon GBE:

Kpankpan

Common Names in French:

Caran, Carangue, Carangue Bonite, Carangue Coubali, Carangue Cuisinière, Carangue Cuisini�re, Carangue Dorée, Carangue Dor�e, Carangue Grasse, Carangue Macoque, Carangue Tête Ronde, Carangue T�te Ronde, Crevaille, Jurel

Common Names in Greek:

Κοκάλι, Σούρος, Τραχούρι, Κοκάλι, Σούρος, Τραχούρι, Koc�li, Kocáli, Kokali, Trachouri

Common Names in Greek, Modern (1453):

Τραχούρι, Kocáli, Kokali, Trachouri

Common Names in Hebrew:

Tarakhon, Tsninit Atlantit

Common Names in Italian:

Carangidi, Carango Mediterraneo

Common Names in Japanese:

Hiraaji, Kurokaiwari

Common Names in Maltese:

Sawrella Imperjali, Sawrella Imperjali Denbha Iswed

Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:

金鰺, 金鰺, 金鲹

Common Names in Norwegian:

Taggmakrell

Common Names in Polish:

Karanks Kryzos

Common Names in Portuguese:

Írio De Serra, Cachorreta, Carangídeos, Carang�deos, Carapau, Cavaca, Cavaco, Chumberga, Encharéu, Enchar�u, Enforcado, Enxareu-Azul, Garajuba, Garajuba-Preta, Graçainha, Gra�ainha, Guaraçu, Guara�u, Guarajuba, Guarassuma, Guaraxuma, Guaricema, �rio De Serra, Manezinho, Solteira, Taguara, Xaralete, Xaréu, Xaréu Amarelo, Xaréu Branco, Xaréu-Azul, Xaréu-Dourado, Xaréu-Pequeno, Xaréu-Xixá, Xarelete, Xar�u, Xar�u Amarelo, Xar�u Branco, Xar�u-Azul, Xar�u-Dourado, Xareu-Gacesse, Xar�u-Pequeno, Xar�u-Xix�, Xerelete, Xererete, Xixarro, Xixarro-Pintado, Xumberga

Common Names in Serbian:

Trnobokan

Common Names in Spanish:

Atún, At�n, Cachorreta, Cojinúa, Cojinúa Azul, Cojinúa Negra, Cojinúa Prieta, Cojinoa, Cojinoa Negra, Cojin�a, Cojin�a Azul, Cojin�a Negra, Cojin�a Prieta, Cojinuda, Cojinuda Negra, Crevallé, Crevall�, Guïra, Gu�ra, Jurel, Jurel Azul, Jurel Trompa De Hierro, Madregal, Medregal, Palometa

Common Names in Susu:

Kawrè Kanki, Kawr� Kanki

Common Names in Swedish:

Blålöpare, Bl�l�pare, Pompano, Taggmakrill

Common Names in Turkish:

Istavritbozmasi Baligi, İstavritbozması Balığı

Common Names in Unknown:

Japon Noir

Common Names in Wayuu:

Veiyu

Common Names in Wolof:

Cafang

Description

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Family Carangidae

Chiefly marine ; rarely brackish . Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Body generally compressed , although body shape extremely variable from very deep to fusiform . Most species with only small cycloid scales . Scales along lateral line often modified into spiny scutes . Detached finlets , as many as nine, sometimes found behind dorsal and anal fins. Large juveniles and adults with 2 dorsal fins. Anterior dorsal fin with 3-9 spines; the second having 1 spine and usually 18-37 soft rays . Anal spines usually 3, the first 2 separate from the rest; soft rays usually 15-31. Widely forked caudal fin . Caudal peduncle slender. Pelvic fins lacking in Parona signata. Vertebrae 24-27 (modally 24). Fast swimming predators of the waters above the reef and in the open sea . Some root in sand for invertebrates and fishes . One of the most important families of tropical marine fishes; fished commercially and for recreation.The family Carangidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Perciformes. It contains 33 genera and 140 species. It may be found in Marine and Brackish environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is carangiform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be active . Members of this family have been dated back to the lower Eocene epoch of the Tertiary period. Etymology of this family name : French, carangue = name of fish given in Caribe.1836

Physical Description

Species Caranx crysos

Males are commonly 40 cm (Total Length) in length when caught/marketed, but may be as large as 70 cm (Total Length).

Size/Age/Growth

May live as long as 11 years in the wild, 5 years in captivity.

Habitat

May be found at depths of 0 to 100 meters.

Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -5,383 meters (0 to -17,661 feet).Mean = -1,079.370 meters (-3,541.240 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,572.600 based on 293 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Biome: Saltwater . Reef-associated .

Biology

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Sound types : weak scrapes & loud grunts . Sound organ: pharyngeal teeth & swim bladder. Sonic mechanism: not specified but probably stridulation of teeth amplified by swim bladder.

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom: Animalia () - Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
  - Subkingdom: Bilateria () - (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
    - Branch: Deuterostomia () - Grobben, 1908
      - Infrakingdom: Chordonia () - (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
        Phylum: Chordata () - Bateson, 1885 - Chordates
        Subphylum: Vertebrata () - Cuvier, 1812 - Vertebrates
        Infraphylum: Gnathostomata () - Auct. - Jawed Vertebrates
        Superclass: Osteichthyes () - Huxley, 1880 - Bony Fishes
        Class: Actinopterygii () - Huxley, 1880 - Ray-Finned Fishes
        Subclass: Actinopterygii () - Ray-Finned Fishes
        Infraclass: Actinopteri ()
        Cohort: Clupeocephala ()
        Superorder: Acanthopterygii ()
        Order: Perciformes () - �
        Suborder: Percoidei () - �
        Family: Carangidae () - Jacks
        Genus: Caranx ()
        Specific name: crysos - (Mitchill, 1815)
        Scientific name: - Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815)

Unambiguous Synonyms

Carangoides crysos (Mitchill, 1815)
Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815)
Caranx fusus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817
Caranx pisquetus Cuvier, 1833
Paratractus crysos (Mitchill, 1815)
Scomber chrysos (Mitchill, 1815)
Scomber crysos Mitchill, 1815
Trachurus squamosus Gronow, 1854

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Caranx

There are approximately 76 species in this genus:

C. sexfasciatus · C. sexfasciatus · Pseudocaranx dentex · C. altissimus · C. bartholomae · C. beani · C. blockii · C. brevis · C. bucculentus (Blue-Spotted Trevally) · C. caballus (Green Jack) · C. caeruleopinnatus · C. calla · C. caninus (Pacific Crevalle Jack) · C. sexfasciatus · C. chrysophryoides · C. chrysos · C. chrysus · C. cibi · Carangoides armatus · Carangoides armatus · C. citula · C. crumenopthalmus · C. crumentophthalmus · C. crysos (Black Jack) · C. ferdan · C. fischeri · C. fisheri · C. fuscus · C. gallus · C. guara · C. heberi (Blacktip Kingfish) · C. heteropygus · C. hippo (Crevalle Jack) · C. hippos (Black Cavalla) · C. hippos caninus · C. hippos hippos · C. hippos tropicus · C. ignobilis (Black Ulua) · C. ignoblis · C. iguobilis · C. ihnobilis · C. impudicus · C. jarra · C. kurra · C. lata · C. latus (Black Jack) · C. lioglossus · C. lugubris (Black Jack) · C. macoveii · Carangoides coeruleopinnatus · C. malem · Hemicaranx bicolor · C. melamphygus · C. melampygus (Black Ulua) · C. melanpygus · C. nigrescens · C. nigripes · C. novaeguineae · C. papuensis (Brassey Trevally) · C. parra · C. parva · C. rastrosus · C. rhonchus (False Scad) · C. sanctae helenae · Decapterus macarellus · C. sansan · C. sansun · C. senegallus (African Jack) · C. sexfaciatus elacate · C. sexfaciatus marginatus · C. sexfascatus · C. sexfasciatus (Big-Eye Trevally) · C. tille (Tille Kingfish) · C. trachurus japonicus · C. trachurus mediterraneus · C. vinctus (Barred Jack)

Bibliography

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Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz (1999). Coastal marine fishes of S�o Tom� Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquip�lago. Life and Marine Sciences 17A:65-92.
Anon. (1994). Atlas pesquero de M�xico. Instituto Nacional de la Pesca. 234 p.
Bauchot, M.-L. (1987). Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la p�che. (rev. 1). M�diterran�e et mer Noire. Zone de p�che 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communaut
Berry, F.H. and W.F. Smith-Vaniz (1978). Carangidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. FAO, Rome. [var. pag.]
Bouchon-Navaro, Y. and M. Louis (1986). Les poissons des formations corallienes de la Martinique. Ann. Inst. Oc�anogr., Paris 62(2):251-270.
B�hlke, J.E. and C.C.G. Chaplin (1993). Fishes of the Bahamas and adjacent tropical waters. 2nd edition. University of Texas Press, Austin.
Cervig�n, F. (1993). Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundaci�n Cient�fica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p.
Cervig�n, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. M�rquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez (1992). Fichas FAO de identificaci�n de especies para los fines de la pesca. Gu�a de campo de las especies comerciales ma
Claro, R. (1994). Caracter�sticas generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecolog�a de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanolog�a Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
Claro, Rodolfo, and Lynne R. Parenti / Claro, Rodolfo, Kenyon C. Lindeman, and L. R. Parenti, eds. 2001. Chapter 2: The Marine Ichthyofauna of Cuba. Ecology of the Marine Fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 21-57. ISBN: 1-56098-985-8.
Coupal, L., E. B�dard, C. Peguero and I.S. Durante (1992). Repertorio iction�mici de la Rep�blica Dominicana. F�sc�culo I : Acanthuridae - Carangidae. LIRD.
Dammann, A.E. (1969). Study of the fisheries potential of the Virgin Islands. Special Report. Contribution No. 1. Virgin Islands Ecological Research Station.
Edwards, A. (1990). Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray (1970). Sounds of Western North Atlantic fishes. A reference file of biological underwater sounds. The John Hopkins Press, Baltimor.
Food and Agriculture Organization (1992). FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p.
Goodwin, J.M., IV and A.G. Johnson (1986). Age, growth, and mortality of blue runner, Caranx crysos, from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Northeast Gulf Sci. 8:107-114.
IGFA (2001). Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
International Game Fish Association (1991). World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA.
Klein-MacPhee, Grace / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds. 2002. Jacks: Family Carangidae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 411-427. ISBN: 1-56098-951-3.
Lubbock, R. and A. Edwards. (1981). The fishes of Saint Paul's Rocks. J. Fish Biol. 18:135-157.
Mitchill, S.L. (1815). The fishes of New York, described and arranged. Trans. Lit. Philos. Soc. N.Y. 1:355-492.
Murdy, Edward O., Ray S. Birdsong, and John A. Musick 1997. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. xi + 324. ISBN: 1-56098-638-7.
Nigrelli, R.F. (1959). Longevity of fishes in captivity, with special reference to those kept in the New York Aquarium. p. 212-230. In G.E.W. Wolstehnolmen and M. O'Connor (eds.) Ciba Foundation Colloquium on Ageing: the life span of animals. Vol. 5., Churchill, London.
Ogden, J.C., J.A. Yntema, and I. Clavijo (1975). An annotated list of the fishes of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Spec. Publ. No. 3.
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Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1991. Common and Scientific Names fo Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fifth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 20. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 183. ISBN: 0-913235-70-9.
Sanches, J.G. (1991). Cat�logo dos principais peixes marinhos da Rep�blica de Guin�-Bissau. Publica��es avulsas do I.N.I.P. No. 16. 429 p.
Smith, C.L. (1997). National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.
Smith-Vaniz, W.F. (1986). Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2.
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.C. Qu�ro and M. Desoutter (1990). Carangidae. p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.
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Notes

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Contributors

Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 20, 2007.
FishBase
Froese, R., and D. Pauly. FishBase 2004. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.
Smith-Vaniz, William F. (from FishBase).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:

Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Atlantic Reference Centre (OBIS Canada)
Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: ECNASAP - East Coast North America Strategic Assessment (OBIS Canada)
Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: NODC WOD01 Plankton Database
Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
Museum national d'histoire naturelle: Ichtyologie
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Fish Collection
Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
Senckenberg: Collection Pisces
UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNPE/Coleccion Nacional de Peces
University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3863104
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-23414
Fishbase Species ID: 1933
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13538624
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 168612
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 105844

Caranx crysos

Overview

Common Names

Description

Family Carangidae

Physical Description

Species Caranx crysos

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Caranx

Bibliography

More Info

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Identifiers

Footnotes