Overview
|
Endangered |
|
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Dutch:
Ethiopische wolf
Common Names in English:
Ethiopian wolf, Simian Jackal, Simien fox, Simien jackal
Common Names in French:
Loup D'Abyssinie
Common Names in Spanish:
Lobo Etiope
Description
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [1].
Ecology:
A very localized endemic species, confined to isolated pockets
of
Afroalpine grasslands and heathlands where they prey
on Afroalpine
rodents. Suitable habitats
extend from above treeline at about 3,200
m
up to 4,500 m, with some wolves present in montane
grasslands at
3,000 m.
However, subsistence agriculture extends up to 3,5003,800
m in many areas, restricting wolves to higher ranges
(Marino 2003a).
Rainfall at high altitude
varies between 1,000 and 2,000 mm/year,
with one pronounced dry period from December to February/March.
Wolves utilize all Afroalpine habitats, but prefer open areas with
short herbaceous and grassland communities where rodents are most
abundant, along flat or gently sloping areas with deep soils and
poor drainage
in parts. Prime
habitats in the Bale Mountains are
characterized by short herbs (Alchemilla
spp.
) and grasses and low vegetation cover
, a community maintained
in continuous succession
as a result of molerat (Tachyoryctes
macrocephalus) burrowing activity. Other good habitats include
tussock
grasslands (Festuca
spp., Agrostis spp.), high-altitude
scrubs
dominated by Helichrysum
spp. and short grasslands in shallow soils. In northern parts of
the range, plant communities characterized by a matrix
of 'guassa'
tussock grasses (Festuca
spp.), 'cherenfi' bushes (Euryops
pinifolius) and giant lobelias (Lobelia
rhynchopetalum) sustain high rodent abundance
and are preferred
by wolves. Ericaceous
moorlands (Erica
and Phillipia spp.) at 3,2003,600
m are of marginal
value, with open moorlands having patches of herbs
and grasses which are relatively good habitat.
[1].
List of Habitats:
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.7 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
- 4 Grassland
- 4.7 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
- 5 Wetlands (inland)
- 5.11 Wetlands (inland) - Alpine Wetlands (includes temporary waters from snowmelt)
- 6 Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks) [more info]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
)
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
)
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
)
- Cuvier, 1812
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
)
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
)
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Mammalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
)
- (Rowe, 1988) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
)
- (Wible et al., 1995) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
)
- McKenna, 1975
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
)
- McKenna, 1975
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
)
- McKenna, 1975
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
)
- (McKenna, 1975) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
)
- (Parker & Haswell, 1897) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
)
- (Owen, 1837) M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
)
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
)
- (McKenna, 1975) McKenna, in Stucky & McKenna, in Benton, ed., 1993
- Grandorder:
Ferae
(
)
- (Linnaeus, 1758) McKenna, 1975
- Order:
Carnivora
(
)
- Bowdich, 1821
- Suborder:
Caniformia
(
)
- Kretzoi, 1943
- Infraorder:
Cynoidea
(
)
- Flower, 1869
- Series:
servation Press (
)
- Scientific name: - Canis simensis R?ppell, 1840 Rppell, 1840
- Series:
servation Press (
- Infraorder:
Cynoidea
(
- Suborder:
Caniformia
(
- Order:
Carnivora
(
- Grandorder:
Ferae
(
- Superorder:
Preptotheria
(
- Magnorder:
Epitheria
(
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
- Class:
Mammalia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-2007
Similar Species
Members of the genus Canis
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 30 species and subspecies in this genus:
C. adustus (Side-Striped Jackal) · C. adustus adustus (Side-Striped Jackal) · C. aureus (Asiatic Jackal) · C. aureus aureus (Golden Jackal) · C. latrans (American Jackal) · C. latrans clepticus (Coyote) · C. latrans latrans (Coyote) · C. lupis baileyi (Mexican Wolf) · C. lupus (Domestic Dog (Feral)) · C. lupus arctos (Arctic Wolf) · C. lupus baileyi (Mexican Gray Wolf) · C. lupus beothucus (Newfoundland Wolf) · C. lupus dingo (Dingo) · C. lupus familiaris (Dingo) · C. lupus hodophilax (Japanese Wolf) · C. lupus irremotus (Northern Rocky Mountains Wolf) · C. lupus ligoni (Alexander Archipelago Wolf) · C. lupus lupus (Domestic Dog) · C. lupus lycaon (Eastern Wolf) · C. lupus minor (Austro-Hungarian Wolf) · C. lupus mogollonensis (Southwestern Wolf) · C. lupus nubilus (Southern Gray Wolf) · C. lupus occidentalis (Northern Gray Wolf) · C. lupus pallipes (Gray Wolf) · C. lupus tundrorum (Gray Wolf) · C. lupus youngi (Southern Rocky Mountains Wolf) · C. mesomelas (Silver-Backed Jackal) · C. microtis (Indus River Dolphin) · C. rufus (Red Wolf) · C. simensis (Ethiopian Wolf)
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1993 url p. 15.
- A catalogue of the collection of mammals in the Field Columbian Museum. 1907 8 Chicago: Field Columbian Museum, 1907. url p. 411.
- A sporting trip through Abyssinia: a narrative of a nine months' journey from the plains of the Hawash to the snows of Simien, with a description of the game, from elephant to ibex, and notes on the manners and customs of the natives / by P.H.G. Powell-Cotton. London: Rowland Ward, 1902. url p. 453.
- Album of Abyssinian birds and mammals / From paintings by Louis Agassiz Fuertes. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1930. url .
- Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 489.
- Aus dem reiche der pelze. bd. I: Geschichte des rauchwarenhandels. bd. II: Naturgeschichte der pelztiere. Von Emil Brass. Berlin, Im verlage der Neuen pelzwaren-zeitung[pref. 1911] url , p. 445, p. 445.
- Biodiversity Data Sourcebook. WCMC Biodiversity Series 1 World Conservation Press url p. 61.
- Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: BM(NH) url p. 123, p. 134, p. 136, p. 141, p. 142, p. 148, p. 149, p. 150, p. 154, p. 170, p. 177, p. 247.
- Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 83 1939 Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url p. 192, p. 604.
- Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1971- url p. 144, p. 145, p. 146, p. 152, p. 155.
- Catalogue of carnivorous, pachydermatous, and edentate Mammalia in the British museum. London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 1869. url .
- Catalogue of the bones of mammalia in the collection of the British Museum / [compiled by Edward Gerrard]. London: printed by Taylor and Francis, by order of the Trustees, 1862 url p. 82.
- Checklist of mammals listed in the CITES appendices and in EC Regulation 338/97 JNCC url p. 43.
- Dogs, jackals, wolves, and foxes: a monograph of the Canidae / by St. George Mivart; with woodcuts, and 45 coloured plates drawn from nature by J. G. Keulemans and hand-coloured. London: R.H. Porter, 1890. url , , , , p. 171, p. 18, p. 19.
- Ecologically sensitive sites in Africa / Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, 1993. url p. 1.
- Extinct and vanishing mammals of the Old World. Illus. by Earl L. Poole. New York, American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, 1945. url p. 212.
- Handbook of instructions for collectors, issued by the British Museum (Natural history). With illustrations. London, Printed by order of the Trustees [by Hazell, Watson and Viney, ld.]1906. url p. 12.
- IUCN Directory of Afrotropical Protected Areas IUCN, UNEP url p. 1014, p. 189, p. 195.
- Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals. By T. S. Palmer. .. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1904. url p. 826.
- Indigenous and Traditional Peoples and Protected Areas: principles, guidelines and case studies IUCN url p. 79.
- List of the vertebrated animals living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London: Printed for the Society, 1862. url p. 4.
- North American Quaternary Canis / Ronald M. Nowak. Lawrence, Kans.: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1979. url fig. 55, page 119, p. 66.
- North American fauna. Washington: Fish and Wildlife Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 826.
- The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 285, p. 285, p. 293, p. 293.
- The Marine Mammal Commission compendium of selected treaties, international agreements, and other relevant documents on marine resources, wildlife, and the environment / compiled by Richard L. Wallace. Washington, D.C.: The Commission; 1994 url p. 562.
- The Uganda protectorate; an attempt to give some description of the physical geography, botany, zoology, anthropology, languages and history of the territories under British protection in East Central Africa, between the Cong London, Hutchinson & Co., 1902. url .
- The animals and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology, New York, H. Holt and Company, 1911. url .
- The game animals of Africa, by R. Lydekker. London, R. Ward, limited, 1908. url p. 462.
- The royal natural history / edited by Richard Lydekker; with preface by P.L. Sclater; illustrated with seventy-two coloured plates and sixteen hundred engravings by W. Kuhnert, F. Specht, P.J. Smit, G. Mtzel, A.T. Elwes, J. W London and New York: Frederick Warne & Co., 1893-1896. url p. 502.
- The royal natural history. With pref. by P. L. Sclater. Illustrated with 72 col. plates and 1600 engravings. London, F. Warne, 1893-96. url p. 502.
- The standard natural history / edited by John Sterling Kingsley. Boston: S.E. Cassino, 1884-85. url p. 420.
- The variation of animals and plants under domestication, by Charles Darwin. London, J. Murray, 1893. url p. 34.
- Wild life of the world: a descriptive survey of the geographical distribution of animals / London; F. Warne and co., 1916. url p. 72.
- World Checklist of Threatened Mammals JNCC url p. 67.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Marino, J. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. 2011. Canis simensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:
- GBIF-Sweden: Mammals (NRM)
- Michigan State University Museum: Vertebrate specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-726846
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 621851
- IUCN ID: 197746
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Identifier: A07K
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2860
Footnotes
- Marino, J. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. 2011. Canis simensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]
