Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Black Carpenter Ant
Common Names in French:
Fourmi Noire Gāte-Bois
Description
Physical Description
Species Camponotus pennsylvanicus
Carpenter ants
do not actually eat or digest wood
, as do the termites, but they can weaken structures by tunneling inside the wooden studs or joists. Their tunnels and galleries are most often found in moist or rotten wood, generally in the vicinity of a leaking water pipe, or roof leak, but can also be found in perfectly dry wood. Small piles of sawdust-like material
can sometimes be seen nearby, where the ants have pushed the chewed wood particles outside the nest
. A qualified pest control agency can usually diagnose an infestation
by careful observation, including listening for the ants' tunneling and communication noises with a stethoscope. The ants produce
a crackling, rustling sound
like the crinkling of cellophane, especially if the colony
has been disturbed
. Cats are frequently able to hear these noises!
Careful note
should be made, also, of the number and frequency of sighting the workers. Many times, carpenter ant strays may come indoors while hunting for food, or might be spotted outside an unaffected dwelling. Workers are known to forage
for food as far as 100 yards
from their nest. Workers are most active
at night (midnight), traveling from their nest to a food source following trails
but no particular trail leading directly to the nest. They do establish chemical (pheromone
) trails.
Size/Age/Growth
Black carpenter ants are probably the largest ants most people in the continental United States ever see. The major workers (sterile females) range upwards of 1/2 inch long, quite a sight, indeed, especially if one suspects a dwelling may be infested. The winged queens, usually only seen when the colony is swarming, can be nearly 1 inch long.
Habitat
Ecology: Carpenter ants
may establish nests
in a number of different locations. It is important to realize that these locations can be either inside or outside the structure. Carpenter ants actually construct two different kinds of nests: parent colonies which, when mature
, contain an egg-laying
queen, brood and 2000 or more worker ants, and satellite
colonies which may have large numbers of worker ants but no queen, eggs
or young larvae. The carpenter ants inside a home
may have originated from the parent colony
or from one or more satellite nests. For example, the ants may be coming from the parent nest located outdoors in a tree
stump
, landscape timber or woodpile, or from one or more satellite nests hidden behind
a wall in the kitchen or bathroom, or perhaps from wood
dampened by a roof leak in the attic.
The extent and potential damage to a home depends on how many nests are actually present within the structure, and how long the infestation
has been active
. Although large carpenter ant colonies are capable of causing structural damage, the damage is not normally as serious as that from termites. In some cases, the damage may be relatively insignificant, but this can only be determined by locating and exposing the nest areaMany times, it will be impossible for the homeowner to locate and / or destroy carpenter ant colonies on their property or inside their homes. Pest control companies (what we used to call
"exterminators" in a simpler time) take different approaches to eliminating the problem. Some companies expend great energy locating specific nesting sites, and treating only that area. Others take more of a shotgun approach, drilling into walls at various locations and injecting insecticides
in hopes of catching any possible nests that may be otherwise missed.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
)
- Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
)
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
)
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
)
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
)
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
)
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
)
- Class:
Insecta
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Insects
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
)
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
)
- Superorder:
Hymenopterida
(
)
- Order:
Hymenoptera
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Suborder:
Apocrita
(
)
- Superfamily:
Vespoidea
(
)
- Family:
Formicidae
(
)
- Genus:
Camponotus
(
)
- Specific name:
pennsylvanicus
- (De Geer, 1773)
- Scientific name: - Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer, 1773)
- Specific name:
pennsylvanicus
- (De Geer, 1773)
- Genus:
Camponotus
(
- Family:
Formicidae
(
- Superfamily:
Vespoidea
(
- Suborder:
Apocrita
(
- Order:
Hymenoptera
(
- Superorder:
Hymenopterida
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Class:
Insecta
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 13-Mar-2001.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Camponotus
There are approximately 1885 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
C. (C.) · C. (C.) quercicola · C. (Colobopsis) truncatus · C. (Myrmentoma) · C. (Myrmobrachys) · C. (Pseudocolobopsis) · C. (Tanaemyrmex) castaneus · C. abditus · C. atriceps · C. abdominalis stercorarius · C. abjectus · C. abrahami · C. abscisus · C. absquatulator · C. abunanus · C. acutirostris · C. acvapimensis · C. adami · C. adenensis · C. aegyptiacus · C. aeneopilosus · C. aeneopilosus aeneopilosus · C. aeneopilosus flavidopubescens · C. aequatorialis · C. aequatorialis aequatorialis · C. aequatorialis kohli · C. aequitas · C. aethiops · C. aethiops aethiops · C. aethiops cachmiriensis · C. aethiops var. concava Dalla Torre, 1893 · C. aethiops escherichi · C. aethiops var. glaber Emery, 1925 · C. aethiops rubicolor · C. aethiops vitiosus · C. afflatus · C. ager · C. agonius · C. aguilerai · C. alacer · C. albicoxis · C. albipes · C. albistramineus · C. alboannulatus · C. alboannulatus alboannulatus · C. alboannulatus montanus · C. alboannulatus nessus · C. albocinctus · C. albosparsus · C. alii · C. alii alii · C. alii auresi · C. alii concolor · C. alii hoggarensis · C. alii laurenti · C. altivagans · C. amamianus · C. amaurus · C. americanus · C. amoris · C. amphidus · C. andrei · C. andrei andrei · C. andrei cholericus · C. andrewsi · C. andrius · C. anguliceps · C. angusticeps · C. angusticollis · C. angusticollis angusticollis · C. angusticollis sanguinolentus · C. anningensis · C. annulatus · C. anthrax · C. apicalis · C. apostolus · C. arabicus · C. arboreus · C. arcuatus · C. arcuatus aesopus · C. arcuatus arcuatus · C. arenatus · C. argus · C. arminius · C. arminius arminius · C. arminius bicontractus · C. armstrongi · C. arnoldinus · C. arrogans · C. aruensis · C. asli · C. ater · C. atlantis · C. atlantis atlantis · C. atlantis atrioris · C. atlantis hesperius · C. atlantis marocanus · C. atlantis nigrovarius · C. atlantis planitae · C. atriceps (Florida Carpenter Ant)
More Info
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Further Reading
- A catalogue of North American Diptera (or two-winged flies) / by J.M. Aldrich. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1905. ENG url p. 338.
- A manual for the study of insects, by John Henry Comstock and Anna Botsford Comstock Ithaca, N.Y., Comstock Publishing Company, 1916 [c1895] ENG url p. 640, p. 682.
- American insects, by Vernon L. Kellogg with many original illustrations by Mary Wellman. New York, H. Holt and Company, 1908. ENG url p. 545, p. 545.
- American spiders and their spinningwork. A natural history of the orbweaving spiders of the United States, with special regard to their industry and habits. By Henry C. McCook. [Philadelphia]author, Academy of natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1889-93. ENG url p. 27, p. 361, p. 471.
- An illustrated descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera or beetles (exclusive of the Rhynchophora) known to occur in Indiana. Indianapolis, Nature Pub. Co.[n.d.] ENG url p. 282.
- Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- ENG url p. 571.
- Annual report / Entomological Society of Ontario. Toronto, The Society. ENG url p. 122, p. 30.
- Annual report of the New Jersey state museum. 1901-12, 1914. Trenton, New Jersey. [etc.]1902-15. ENG url p. 238.
- Ant communities and how they are governed; a study in natural civics, by Henry Christopher McCook illustrated from nature. New YorkHarper and brothers, 1909. ENG url p. 12, p. 192, p. 315.
- Ants; their structure, development and behavior, by William Morton Wheeler New York, Columbia university press, 1910. ENG url p. 10, p. 188, p. 83.
- Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Nicolai, 1835- GER url p. 499.
- Bollettino del Laboratorio di zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola superiore d'agricoltura in Portici. Portici: E. Della Torre, 1907-1927. ITA url p. 244.
- Bollettino della Società entomologica italiana. Genova: Fratelli Pagano - Tipografi Editori, 1869- ITA url p. 224.
- Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, ENG url p. 16, p. 216, p. 367, p. 369.
- Diptera danica: genera and species of flies hitherto found in Denmark / by William Lundbeck. Copenhagen: G.E.C. Gad, 1907-27. DAN url p. 206, p. 85.
- Elementary entomology, by E. Dwight Sanderson and C.F. Jackson. Boston, Ginn and Company[c1912] ENG url p. 364.
- Elementary studies in insect life, by Samuel J. Hunter. Topeka, Kan., Crane and company, 1902. ENG url p. 334.
- Entomological news, and proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia[Entomological Rooms of the Academy of Natural Sciences] ENG url p. 180, p. 206, p. 220, p. 334, p. 382.
- Entomological news. [Philadelphia]American Entomological Society, 1925- ENG url p. 24, p. 34.
- Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. ENG url p. 258, p. 52, p. 667.
- Fauna of New England. Boston, Printed for the [Boston] Society [of Natural History] from the Gurdon Saltonstall Fund, 1904-25. ENG url p. 23.
- Guide to the insects of Connecticut, prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton Hartford, Printed for The State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1911-27. ENG url p. 578, p. 7.
- Handbuch der vergleichenden Physiologie / bearb. von E. Babák [et al.]. Jena: Fischer, 1910-24. GER url p. 481.
- Insects injurious to the household and annoying to man, by Glenn W. Herrick. New York, The Macmillan company, 1914. ENG url p. 464.
- Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft = Bulletin de la Société entomologique suisse. Schauffhausen, Switzerland: [s.n.], GER url p. 271.
- On the Coleoptera known to occur in Indiana. Indianapolis, W.B. Burford, contractor for state printing, 1910. ENG url p. 282.
- Order Coleoptera / [John Bernhard Smith?] [Trenton?: New Jersey State Museum, 1909?] ENG url p. 238.
- Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia] ENG url p. 269, p. 296, p. 304, p. 348, p. 39, p. 641, p. 642, p. 868.
- Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. [Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington] ENG url p. 100, p. 242, p. 243, p. 244, p. 245, p. 246, p. 273.
- Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 335, p. 413, p. 443.
- Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, Washington Academy of Sciences. ENG url p. 556.
- Report of the State Entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co.; University of the State of New York, 1882- ENG url p. 13.
- Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. ENG url p. 267, p. 302.
- Tenants of an old farm; leaves from the note-book of a naturalist. By Henry C. McCook New York, Fords, Howard and Hulbert, 1885 [1884] ENG url p. 458.
- The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, ENG url p. 13, p. 174, p. 233, p. 240, p. 320, p. 323, p. 324, p. 360.
- The Cambridge natural history, ed. by S.F. Harmer and A.E. Shipley [London, The Macmillan, Company, 1895-1909] ENG url p. 606.
- The Canadian entomologist. Ottawa [etc.]Entomological Society of Canada [etc.] ENG url p. 366.
- The Journal of animal behavior. Albany, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Co., [1911-1917?] ENG url p. 404, p. 73.
- The Nature-study review: devoted to all phases of nature-study in elementary schools. Lancaster, Pa.: [M.A. Bigelow], 1905- ENG url p. 240, p. 244.
- The Review of applied entomology. [Farnham Royal, Eng., etc.: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, etc.] ENG url p. 116, p. 254, p. 326, p. 547, p. 562, p. 580, p. 625, p. 627.
- The faunal connections between Europe and North America. New York, Wiley[1957] ENG url p. 87.
- The insect book; a popular account of the bees, wasps, ants, grasshoppers, flies and other North American insects exclusive of the butterflies, moths and beetles, with full life histories, tables and bibliographies, by Leland O. Howard. Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Doran and company, 1937. ENG url p. 147, p. 419, p. 48.
- The ruffed grouse, its life story, ecology and management, by Frank C. Edminster. New York, The Macmillan company, 1947. ENG url p. 166.
- Transactions of the American Entomological Society. Philadelphia: The Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences, 1890- ENG url p. 74.
- Vergleichende Anatomie des Nervensystems. Haarlem, De Erven F. Bohn, 1920-1921. GER url p. 359.
- Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 1849- GER url p. 425.
- Zoologische Jahrbücher. Jena [Germany]: G. Fischer, GER url p. 351, p. 554.
- Zoologischer Anzeiger. Jena, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. GER url p. 497, p. 56, p. 92.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 4 providers.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 01, 2008:
- California Academy of Sciences, AntWeb Collection Catalog
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Illinois Natural History Survey
- Ohio State University Insect Collection, Insects
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2730201
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-154198
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13726567
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 154198
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 444491
