Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Dutch:
Krombekstrandloper
Common Names in English:
Curlew Sandpiper, Pigmy Curlew
Common Names in French:
bécasseau cocorli
Common Names in German:
Sichelstrandläufer
Common Names in Hebrew:
חופית מגלית
Common Names in Italian:
Piovanello
Common Names in Japanese:
サルハマシギ
Common Names in Russian:
Krasnozobik, Краснозобик
Common Names in Spanish:
Correlimos zarapatÌn, Correlimos ZarapitÌn
Common Names in Swedish:
Spovsnäppa
Description
Physical Description
Adult : Bill: Curvature: slightly decurved Shape : slimmer than Dunlin.Adult Breeding Season : Head : mostly chestnut Face : Cheeks: pale grayish, lightly streaked with dusky Bill: black Curvature: slightly decurved Shape: slimmer than Dunlin Neck: mostly chestnut Foreneck: pale grayish, lightly streaked with dusky Throat : white Body: Breast: pale gray with faint dusky mottling Rump : white Underparts: mostly chestnut Upperparts: dark gray-brown Legs : Leg Color: dark gray.Adult Winter: Face: Cheeks: pale grayish, lightly streaked with dusky Bill: black Curvature: slightly decurved Shape: slimmer than Dunlin Neck: Foreneck: pale grayish, lightly streaked with dusky Throat: white Body: Breast: pale gray with faint dusky mottling Rump: white Underparts: mostly white Upperparts: dark gray-brown Legs: Leg Color: dark gray.
Size/Age/Growth
Length : 7 inches
Habitat
Vegetation: saltwater and brackish marshes, coastal sand beaches and mudflats • Sensitivity to Disturbance: Medium
Ecology:
Behaviour This species is a full migrant, moving long distances
by well-travelled routes1, 2. During the autumn
migration adults
precede the juveniles
, with males leaving 3-4 weeks
before the females in early-July, and juveniles following 4-6 weeks
later1. On this southern migration, the species
crosses Europe in July, reaching Africa from mid-July to September1.
The return migration to the breeding grounds
begins late-April to
May, with arrival in the Arctic
beginning in early-June, and breeding
stretching from June to July1. Many 1st-year birds
remain on the wintering
grounds
, and non-breeding adults remain just
south of the breeding grounds in Central Siberia during the summer1.
Nest
density
on the breeding grounds in commonly 1-2 pairs/ha4,
but pairs will sometimes nest as close as 200-300 m1.
The species is gregarious
outside of the breeding season
, occurring
in small parties or larger flocks of up to several hundreds
on the
coast, but usually in smaller numbers inland (although gatherings
of hundreds can occur locally on passage
)3. It
forages
both diurnally and nocturnally1. Habitat
Breeding This species breeds on slightly elevated
areas in
the lowlands of the high Arctic1, 4 especially
on southward-facing slopes4, as well as along the
coast and islands of the Arctic Ocean1. It shows
a preference for open tundra
with marshy
, boggy depressions
and pools1,
2 from melting permafrost
and snow2.
Non-breeding In the winter the species chiefly occurs on coastal
brackish
lagoons
, tidal
mud- and sandflats, estuaries, saltmarshes1,
2, exposed coral
, rocky shores
and tidewrack on sandy beaches3,
and also inland on the muddy edges
of marshes, large rivers
and lakes
(both saline and freshwater
), irrigated land
, flooded areas1,
dams3 and saltpans10. Diet
Breeding On the breeding grounds the diet
of this species
consists mainly of insects, such as the adults, pupae and larva of
Diptera (e.g.
midges, craneflies4) and beetles,
as well as bugs and leeches1. Non-breeding
In the winter its diet consists of polycheate worms, molluscs
, crustaceans
(such as amphipods
, brine shrimps and copepods
), and occasionally
insects and seeds1. Breeding site The nest
is a cup
positioned on the margins
of marshes or pools
, on the slopes
of hummock tundra, or on dry patches in Polygonum tundra1.
[1].
List of Habitats
:
- 4 Grassland
- 4.1 Grassland - Tundra
- 5 Wetlands (inland)
- 5.5 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)
- 5.6 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)
- 5.10 Wetlands (inland) - Tundra Wetlands (incl. pools and temporary waters from snowmelt)
- 5.14 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes
- 9 Marine Neritic
- 9.8 Marine Neritic - Coral Reef
- 9.8.1 Outer Reef Channel
- 9.8.2 Back Slope
- 9.8.3 Foreslope (Outer Reef Slope)
- 9.8.4 Lagoon
- 9.8.5 Inter-Reef Soft Substrate
- 9.8.6 Inter-Reef Rubble Substrate
- 9.10 Marine Neritic - Estuaries
- 12 Marine Intertidal
- 12.1 Marine Intertidal - Rocky Shoreline
- 12.2 Marine Intertidal - Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars , Spits , Etc
- 12.3 Marine Intertidal - Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches
- 12.4 Marine Intertidal - Mud Flats and Salt Flats
- 12.6 Marine Intertidal - Tidepools
- 13 Marine Coastal/Supratidal
- 13.4 Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes
- 15 Artificial/Aquatic & Marine
- 15.1 Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)
- 15.4 Artificial/Aquatic - Salt Exploitation Sites
- 15.7 Artificial/Aquatic - Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels )
- 15.8 Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land [more info]
Biology
Reproduction
- Clutch Size: 4
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
()
- Goodrich, 1930
- Subclass:
Avialae
()
- Gauthier, 1986
- Infraclass:
Aves
()
- (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
- Cohort:
Neognathae
()
- Pycraft, 1900
- Superorder:
Charadriimorphae
()
- Huxley, 1867
- Order:
Charadriiformes
()
- Huxley, 1867
- Suborder:
Limicolae
()
- Beddard, 1898
- Infraorder:
Scolopacides
()
- Strauch, 1978
- Parvorder:
Scolopacida
()
- Parvorder:
Scolopacida
(
- Infraorder:
Scolopacides
(
- Suborder:
Limicolae
(
- Order:
Charadriiformes
(
- Superorder:
Charadriimorphae
(
- Cohort:
Neognathae
(
- Infraclass:
Aves
(
- Subclass:
Avialae
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001
Similar Species
In alternate plumage, the reddish-brown plumage is diagnostic. The Dunlin also has a decurved bill but lacks a white rump. Stilt Sandpiper has greenish legs and a thicker bill. Other similar-sized shorebirds lack the decurved bill.
Members of the genus Calidris
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 32 species and subspecies in this genus:
C. acuminata (Siberian Pectoral Sandpiper) · C. alba (Beach Plover) · C. alba alba (Beach Plover) · C. alpina (Black-Bellied Sandpiper) · C. alpina alpina (Dunlin) · C. alpina arctica (Dunlin) · C. alpina pacifica (Dunlin) · C. alpina schinzii (Dunlin) · C. bairdii (BairdÌs Sandpiper) · C. canutus (Red-Breasted Sandpiper) · C. canutus canutus (Red Knot) · C. canutus rufa (Red Knot) · C. ferruginea (Curlew Sandpiper) · C. feruginea (Curlew Sandpiper) · C. fuscicollis (White-Rumped Sandpiper) · C. himantopus (Stilt Sandpiper) · C. maritima (Winter Rock-Bird) · C. maritima maritima (Winter Rock-Bird) · C. mauri (Western Semipalmated Sandpiper) · C. melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper) · C. minuta (Little Stint) · C. minutilla (Least Or Sandpiper) · C. ptilocnemis (Commander Sandpiper) · C. ptilocnemis couesi (Rock Sandpiper) · C. ptilocnemis ptilocnemis (Pribilof Rock Sandpiper) · C. ptilocnemis quarta (Rock Sandpiper) · C. ptilocnemis tschuktschorum (Rock Sandpiper) · C. pusilla (Semi-Palmated Sandpiper) · C. ruficollis (Rufous-Necked Sandpiper) · C. subminuta (Long-Toes Stint) · C. temminckii (TemminckÌs Stint) · C. tenuirostris (Eastern Asiatic Knot)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- A Directory of Neotropical Wetlands. IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 682.
- A checklist of the vertebrate animals of Kansas / George D. Potts, Joseph T. Collins. [Lawrence, Kan.]: Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 1991. url p. 10.
- A general history of birds by John Latham. Winchester [England]: Printed by Jacob and Johnson, for the author, 1822. url .
- A guide to the birds of Nepal Christopher Helm (Publishers) Ltd. url p. 149, p. 46.
- Beached marine birds and mammals of the North American West Coast: a manual for their census and identification / by David G. Ainley. .. [et al.] Pt. Reyes Bird Observatory; with drawings by Helen C. Strong; performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team, Office of Biological Services, Fish and Wildlife Service [Washington, D.C.]: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., [1980] url p. 139, p. 191.
- Birds in Kansas / Max C. Thompson & Charles Ely. 1 Lawrence, Kan.: University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History: c1989- url p. 258, p. xiii.
- Birds of the Chukchi Peninsula and Wrangel Island = (Ptitsy Chukotskogo poluostrova i ostrova Vrangelya) / L.A. Portenko; translated from Russian [by P.M. Rao]. New Delhi: Published for the Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., by Amerind Pub. Co., 1981- url .
- Bulletin / Peabody Museum of Natural History. 1972 New Haven: Peabody Museum of Natural History, url p. 139.
- California fish and game. [San Francisco, etc.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Fish and Game. url p. 123.
- Check-list of North American birds: the species of birds of North America from the Arctic through Panama, including the West Indies and Hawaiian Islands / prepared by the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature of the American Orni Lawrence, Kan.: American Ornithologists' Union, 1983. url p. 200.
- Coastal Sensitivity Overview of the Strait of Malacca. Compiled for International Maritime Organisation (IMO) IMO url , , , , .
- Directory of Wetlands of International Importance. IUCN url p. 375, p. 390, p. 397, p. 425, p. 597, p. 608, p. 76.
- IUCN Directory of Afrotropical Protected Areas IUCN, UNEP url p. 1013, p. 277, p. 394.
- IUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas IUCN url p. 124.
- Impacts of Climate Change on Wildlife RSPB url p. 22, p. 24.
- Journal of ethnobiology. 21 2001 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 141.
- Madagascar: an environmental profile IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 176.
- Mangroves of East Africa. UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series 13 UNEP-WCMC url p. 17.
- Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 13 1984 San Diego, Calif.: The Society, 1931-1989. url p. 249, p. 49, p. 80.
- P.D. Skaar's Montana bird distribution / revised by the Montana Bird Distribution Committee. [Helena, MT]:Montana Natural Heritage Program, 1996 url p. 46.
- Patterns in biodiversity in Arctic birds. WCMC Biodiversity Bulletin No. 3 WCMC url p. 10, p. 13.
- Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 107 1948 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 55.
- Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 15.
- The Australian zoologist. Sydney, Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales url p. 33, p. 36.
- The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 235.
- The Marine Mammal Commission compendium of selected treaties, international agreements, and other relevant documents on marine resources, wildlife, and the environment / compiled by Richard L. Wallace. Washington, D.C.: The Commission; 1994 url p. 3128, p. 689.
- The birds of southeastern Madagascar / Steven M. Goodman. .. [et al.]. 87 1997 [Chicago, Ill.]: Field Museum of Natural History, c1997. url p. 39.
- University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. 3 1951 Lawrence, University of Kansas. url p. 153.
- Water Birds on the Edge: first circumpolar assessment of climate chage impact of Arctic breeding water birds. WCMC Biodiversity Series 11 UNEP-WCMC url , , p. 18, p. 19, p. 3, p. 4, p. 8.
Notes
Contributors
- BirdLife International 2009. Calidris ferruginea. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 26, 2007:
- Avian Knowledge Network, eBird
- BeBIF Provider, Royal Museum of Central Africa - Albertian Rift Birds
- Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Bird Collection
- European Environment Agency, EUNIS
- GBIF-Sweden, Bird Ringing Centre in Sweden
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Bay of Fundy Species List
- Institute of Nature Conservation PAS, National System of Proetcted Areas
- Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
- OZCAM
- Provider, Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
- Senckenberg, Collection Aves
- The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Western Palearctic migrants in continental Africa
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- , Bird specimens
- Upper Silesian Museum, Bytom, Upper Silesian Museum, Bird Observations
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-176660
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2481685
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 176660
- IUCN ID: 197015
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: ABNNF11180
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 13697
Footnotes
- BirdLife International 2009. Calidris ferruginea. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]
