Overview
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Endangered |
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Common Names
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Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Dutch:
Kraagluiaard
Common Names in English:
Brazilian Three-Toed Sloth, Maned Sloth, Maned Three-Toed Sloth
Description
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Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial
Ecology: This largely arboreal
species is found in tropical
coastal forest
, most typically in areas with an annual
precipitation
of at least 1,200 mm.
It can be found in secondary forest habitats, and animals have been recorded from forest fragments as small as 50 ha, although the long-term persistence
of populations at these sites is unknown. It is possible that the species is not found in semi-deciduous forest. It is a strict
folivore that has a relatively small number of food plants
. Animals descend from trees
once a week to urinate, defecate
or move to another tree. The females give birth to one young annually; there is no information available about age of sexual maturity.
List of Habitats
: 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
Biology
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Diet
Taxonomy
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- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
()
- Goodrich, 1930
- Class:
Mammalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Mammals
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
()
- (Rowe, 1988) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
()
- (Wible Et Al., 1995) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
()
- Mckenna, 1975
- Legion:
Cladotheria
()
- Mckenna, 1975
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
()
- Mckenna, 1975
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
()
- (Mckenna, 1975) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Supercohort:
Theria
()
- (Parker & Haswell, 1897) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Cohort:
Placentalia
()
- (Owen, 1837) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Magnorder:
Xenarthra
()
- (Cope, 1889) M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Order:
Pilosa
()
- (Flower, 1883) Mckenna, 1975
- Suborder:
Folivora
()
- Delsuc Et Al., 2001
- Infraorder:
Megatheria
()
- M.c. Mckenna & S.k. Bell, 1997
- Superfamily:
Bradypodoidea
()
- (Gray, 1821) Simpson, 1931
- Family:
Bradypodidae
()
- (Gray, 1821) C.l. Bonaparte, 1831:22
- Genus:
Bradypus
()
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Specific name:
torquatus
- Illiger, 1811
- Scientific name: - Bradypus torquatus Illiger, 1811
- Specific name:
torquatus
- Illiger, 1811
- Genus:
Bradypus
(
- Family:
Bradypodidae
(
- Superfamily:
Bradypodoidea
(
- Infraorder:
Megatheria
(
- Suborder:
Folivora
(
- Order:
Pilosa
(
- Magnorder:
Xenarthra
(
- Cohort:
Placentalia
(
- Supercohort:
Theria
(
- Infralegion:
Tribosphenida
(
- Sublegion:
Zatheria
(
- Legion:
Cladotheria
(
- Superlegion:
Trechnotheria
(
- Infraclass:
Holotheria
(
- Subclass:
Theriiformes
(
- Class:
Mammalia
(
- Superclass:
Tetrapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 21-Apr-2004.
Similar Species
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Members of the genus Bradypus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 16 species and subspecies in this genus:
B. crinitus · B. cuculliger · B. didactylus · B. griseus · B. infuscatus · B. pygmaeus · B. sp · B. striatus · B. torquatus (Brazilian Three-Toed Sloth) · B. tridactylus (Pale-Throated Three-Toed Sloth) · B. ursinus · B. variegatus (Brown-Throated Three-Fingered Sloth) · B. variegatus boliviensis · B. variegatus castaneiceps · B. variegatus ignavus · B. variegatus infuscatus
More Info
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- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
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- A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro: with an account of the native tribes, and observations of the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon Valley / by Alfred Russel Wallace; with a biographical introduction by the editor. London; Ward, Lock, 1889. ENG url p. 314.
- A student's text-book of zoology, by Adam Sedgwick. London, S. Sonnenschein and Co.;1898-1909. ENG url p. 545.
- Alfred L. Gardner: Status: US ESA and IUCN - Endangered
- Anatomische Hefte, München [etc.]J.F. Bergmann. GER url p. 10, p. 129, p. 565.
- Anderson, R.P. and Handley Jr., C.O. 2001. A new species of three-toed sloth (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from Panama, with a review of the genus Bradypus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114: 1–33.
- Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Nicolai, 1835- GER url p. 107.
- Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale. Paris, Centre national de la recherche scientifique [etc.] FRE url p. 36, p. 38, p. 39, p. 42, p. 43, p. 44, p. 45, p. 52.
- Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
- Beitr©Þge zur Naturgeschichte von Brasilien / von Maximilian, Prinzen zu Wied. Weimar: Im Verlage des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, 1825-1833. GER url p. 1272.
- Bibliographia zoologica. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 1896-1934. MUL url p. 186.
- Brasilische Sethiere: Resultate von Johann Natterer's Reisen in den Jahren 1817 bis 1835 / dargestellt von August von Pelzeln; herausgegeben von der K.K. Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft. Wien: A. Hr; 1883. GER url p. 107.
- Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France. Paris: La Société, FRE url p. 162, p. 163, p. 164, p. 165, p. 166, p. 167, p. 27, p. 29, p. 30, p. 31.
- Catalogue of carnivorous, pachydermatous and edentate Mammalia in the Museum / by J.E. Gray London, 1869. ENG url p. 364.
- Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. ENG url p. 486.
- Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des s©ances de l'Acad©mie des sciences. Paris: publi©s avec le concours du Centre national de la recherche scientifique par MM. les secr©taires perp©tuels: -1965. FRE url p. 637, p. 701, p. 873.
- Die Entstehung der Arten auf Grund von Vererben erwobener Eigenschaften nach den Gesetzen organischen Wachsens: Ein Beitrag zur einheitlichen Auffassung der Lebewelt / von Dr. G. H. Theodor Eimer. Jena: G. Fischer, 1888-1901. GER url p. 138, p. 256.
- Eisenberg, J.F. and Redford, K.H. 1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. The Central Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
- Emmons, L.H. and Feer, F. 1998. Neotropical Rainforest Mammals, Second Edition. A Field Guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
- Gardner, A.L. 1993. Order Xenarthra. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds) Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Second Edition. pp: 63–68. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
- Gardner, A.L. 2005. Order Pilosa. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds) Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third Edition. pp: 100–103. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
- Grundzüge der Zoologie. Zum wissenschaftlichen Gebrauche. Marburg, Elwert, 1880. GER url p. 418.
- Handbuch der zoologie: Nach der zweiten holländischen ausgabe. Leipzig: L. Voss, 1850-56. GER url p. 579.
- IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- Leçons sur la physiologie et l'anatomie comparée de l'homme et des animaux / faites à la Faculté des Sciences de Paris par H. Milne Edwards. Paris: Librairie de Victor Masson, 1857-1881. FRE url p. 544.
- Lehrbuch der zoologie / von Dr. C. Claus. Marburg, N. G. Elwert, 1883. GER url p. 810, p. 811.
- Lehrbuch der zoologie, von Dr. C. Claus. Marburg, N. G. Elwert, 1891. GER url p. 915.
- Magazine of natural history and journal of zoology, botany, mineralogy, geology and meteorology London. url p. 158.
- Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau: wöchentliche Berichte über die Fortschritte auf dem Gesammtgebiete der Naturwissenschaften. Braunschweig: Druck und verlag von Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, 1886- GER url p. 583, p. 636.
- Nowak, R.M. (ed.) 1999. Walkers Mammals of the World. Sixth edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
- Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali. Bologna. url p. 481.
- Revista do Museu Paulista. São Paulo: Museu Paulista, 1895- POR url p. 528.
- Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Wien: K.-K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei in Commission bei Carl Gerold's Sohn, GER url p. 47.
- Species des mammifs bimanes et quadrumanes; suivi d'un mire sur les Oryctpes Paris, J.B. Bailli, 1840. FRE url p. 271.
- Studies in neotropical mammalogy: essays in honor of Philip Hershkovitz / edited by Bruce D. Patterson, Robert M. Timm. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1987. ENG url p. 29, p. 36, p. 45, p. 498, p. 70.
- The ear region in Xenarthrans ( = Edentata: Mammalia). Bryan Patterson -- [et al.]. Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1992. ENG url p. 25.
- Thornback, J. and Jenkins, M. 1982. The IUCN Mammal Red Data Book. Part 1: Threatened mammalian taxa of the Americas and the Australasian zoogeographic region (excluding Cetacea). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
- Wetzel, R.M. 1982. Systematics, distribution, ecology, and conservation of South American edentates. In: M.A. Mares and H.H. Genoways (eds) Mammalian Biology in South America pp: 345–375. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
- Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds) 1993. Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London.
- Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. xviii + 1207. ISBN: 1-56098-217-9.
- Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. url p. 201.
- Zoologischer Anzeiger. Jena, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. GER url p. 567, p. 568, p. 569, p. 573, p. 577, p. 578, p. 720, p. 87.
Notes
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Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Chiarello, A., Lara-Ruiz, P. and members of the Edentate Specialist Group 2006. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
- Chiarello, A., Lara-Ruiz, P. and members of the Edentate Specialist Group 2006. Bradypus torquatus. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 14 January 2007.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2482698
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-624886
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 624886
- IUCN ID: 3036
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Identifier: A02C
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2564
