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Boloria eunomia

(Bog Fritillary)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Bog Fritillary, Ocellate Bog Fritillary

Description

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Family Nymphalidae

'The Nymphalidae are members of the Superfamily Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Distributed worldwide, butterflies of this family are especially rich in the tropics. They are highly variable, and there are more species in this family than in any other. Adults vary in size from small to large, and their front legs are reduced, unable to be used for walking. Wing shape is also highly variable: some species have irregular margins (anglewings and commas), and others have long taillike projections (daggerwings). Browns, oranges, yellows, and blacks are frequent colors, while iridescent colors such as purples and blues are rare. Adults of some groups are the longest-lived butterflies, surviving 6-11 months. Adult feeding behavior depends on the species, where some groups primarily seek flower nectar while others only feed on sap flows , rotting fruit, dung, or animal carcasses. Males exhibit perching and patrolling behaviors when seeking mates. Egg-laying varies widely, as some species lay eggs in clustsers, others in columns, and others singly. Caterpillar appearance and behavior vary widely. Brushfoots overwinter as larvae or adults.

'[1]

Subfamily Heliconiinae

Longwings are members of the Family Nymphalidae. They are richest in the tropics, but several genera are prominent in the Northern Hermisphere, including the fritillaries or silverspots and the lesser fritillaries. The adults of several species are distasteful, and many other species mimic the distasteful butterflies of this subfamily . Adults are long-lived, with some as long as six months. Males patrol in search of females. The adults of genus Heliconius are unique in that they intentionally collect pollen in their proboscis and then absorb its proteins.[2]

Physical Description

Species Boloria eunomia

Upperside orange-brown to tan with dark markings. Underside of hindwing orange with light nonmetallic bands ; postmedian row spots are white bordered with black. (ref. 105875)

Color:

Upperside orange-brown to tan with dark markings. Underside of hindwing orange with light nonmetallic bands ; postmedian row spots are white bordered with black.

Size/Age/Growth

Wing span : 1 1/4 - 1 3/4 inches (3.2 - 4.5 cm).

Habitat

Bogs , moist tundra , willow seeps .

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,925 meters (0 to 12,877 feet).[3]

Biology

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Diet

Caterpillar hosts: Willow (Salix), alpine smartweed (Polygonum viviparum), and violets (Viola). Adult food: Nectar from flowers including Labrador tea and goldenrod.

Reproduction

Males patrol in wet areas for females. Eggs are laid in groups of 2-4 under host plant leaves, which the caterpillars eat. Third- and fourth-stage caterpillars overwinter .

Behavior

Flight: One brood from June-August.

Taxonomy

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Similar Species

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Members of the genus Boloria

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 54 species and subspecies in this genus:

B. acrocnema (Uncompahgre Fritillary Butterfly) · B. alaskensis (Mountain Fritillary) · B. alberta (Alberta Fritillary) · B. aquilonaris (Cranberry Fritillary) · B. astarte (Astarte Fritillary) · B. astarte astarte (Astarte Fritillary) · B. astarte distincta (Astarte Fritillary) · B. bellona (Meadow Fritillary) · B. bellona bellona (Meadow Fritillary) · B. bellona jenistae (Meadow Fritillary) · B. bellona toddi (Meadow Fritillary) · B. chariclea (Arctic Fritillary) · B. chariclea arctica (Artic Fritillary) · B. chariclea butleri (Butler's Fritillary) · B. chariclea grandis (Artic Fritillary) · B. chariclea montinus (White Mountain Fritillary) · B. chariclea rainieri (Tacoma Arctic Fritillary) · B. epithore (Pacific Fritillary) · B. epithore chermocki (Chermock's Meadow Fritillary) · B. eunomia (Bog Fritillary) · B. eunomia dawsoni (Bog Fritillary) · B. eunomia denali (Bog Fritillary) · B. eunomia triclaris (Triclaris Fritillary) · B. eunomia ursadentis (Bog Fritillary) · B. freija (Freija Fritillary) · B. freija freija (Freija Fritillary) · B. freija tarquinius (Northern Fritillary) · B. frigga (Frigga Fritillary) · B. frigga saga (Saga Fritillary) · B. improba (Dingy Fritillary) · B. improba acrocnema (Uncompahgre Fritillary) · B. improba harryi (Dingy Arctic Fritillary) · B. kriemhild (Relict Fritillary) · B. montinus (Purplish Fritillary) · B. montinus grandis (Purplish Fritillary) · B. napaea (Mountain Fritillary) · B. natazhati (Cryptic Fritillary) · B. natazhati bankslandia (Natazhati Fritillary) · B. natazhati nabokovi (Natazhati Fritillary) · B. natazhati natazhati (Natazhati Fritillary) · B. pales (Shepherd's Fritillary) · B. pales pales (Shepherd's Fritillary) · B. polaris (Polaris Fritillary) · B. selene (Silver-Bordered Fritillary) · B. selene atrocostalis (Dark-Bordered Fritillary) · B. selene myrina (Myrina Fritillary) · B. selene nebraskensis (Nebraska Fritillary) · B. selene sabulocollis (Kohler's Fritillary) · B. selene selene (Small Pearl-Bordered Fritillary) · B. selene terraenova (Silver Bordered Fritillary) · B. selene terraenovae (Silver-Bordered Fritillary) · B. selene tollandensis (Tolland Fritillary) · B. selenis (Small Pearl-Bordered Fritillary) · B. titania boisduvalii (Purple Lesser Fritillary)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=18&sci=Nymphalidae&com=Brush-footed Butterflies [back]
  2. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Freija&search=Search [back]
  3. Mean = 462.750 meters (1,518.209 feet), Standard Deviation = 595.620 based on 833 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/14/2012