Aplodinotus grunniens

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

L-shaped otoliths are collected as 'lucky stones'[1].

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Sciaenidae

Drums or croakers are distributed in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. Dorsal fin long, having a deep notch between the spinous and soft-rayed parts, but the parts rarely separate. Spinous part with 6-13 spines; the soft-rayed part with 1 spine and usually 20-35 soft rays . Anal fin having 1 or 2 usually weak spines; soft rays 6-13. Lateral line reaching end of caudal fin. Slightly emarginate to rounded caudal fin. Opercle with the upper bony edge forked . Gill opening with a bony flap above it. Some species with 1 barbel or a patch of small barbels on chin. Large cavernous canals in head . Snout and lower jaw with conspicuous pores . Vomer and palatine toothless. Swim bladder usually having many branches and used as a resonating chamber. Exceptionally large otoliths. Vertebrae 24-29. Bottom dwelling carnivores , feeding on benthic invertebrates and small fishes . Juveniles are popular aquarium fishes, but difficult to maintain.The family Sciaenidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Perciformes. It contains 70 genera and 270 species. It may be found in Marine , Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Some members of this family are used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is labriform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Miocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 60° n to 40° s and 125° w to 154° e. Etymology of this family name : Greek, skiaina = a kind of fish

Physical Description

Habitat

Occurs in bottoms of medium to large rivers and lakes .

Biome: Fresh water . Demersal .

Biology

Diet

Feeds on mollusks, benthic crustaceans, and insects.

Known to produce sound .

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Aplidonotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819
2. Corvina richardsoni Cuvier, 1830
3. Corvina richardsonii Cuvier, 1830
4. Sciaena grisea Lesueur, 1821
5. Sciaena oscula Lesueur, 1821

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Synonym: Sciaena grisea. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: July 07, 2000.

Family : Drums or croakers .

Similar Species

Fish Name Tail Shape Head Profile Pelvic Fins Similarity Index Freshwater Drum Rounded/square/triangular Steep 1st ray elongated into a filament N/A White Perch Forked Rounded No filament Moderately similar

Members of the genus Aplodinotus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 3 species and subspecies in this genus:

A. gruniens · A. grunniens (Freshwater Dogfish) · A. grunnieus

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A biological survey of the Genesee river system. Supplemental to Sixteenth annual report, 1926. Albany, J. B. Lyon company, printers, 1927. ENG url p. 65.
• A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Report presented at the eighty-ninth annual meeting, Clearwater, Fla., Sept. 16-18, 1959. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1960. ENG url p. 31.
• A list of the fishes of Pennsylvania / by Henry W. Fowler. [Washington, D.C.: Biological Society of Washington, 1919] ENG url p. 71.
• A manual of land and fresh water vertebrate animals of the United States (exclusive of birds) by Henry Sherring Pratt Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., inc.[c1935] ENG url p. 130.
• A synoptic list of the fishes known to occur within fifty miles of Chicago, by S. E. Meeks and S. F. Hildebrand. Chicago, 1910. ENG url p. 335.
• Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions. [Reports] Los Angeles, University of Southern California Press. ENG url p. 52.
• American food and game fishes. A popular account of all the species found in America north of the equator, with keys for ready identification, life histories and methods of capture, . by David Starr Jordan...and Barton Warren Evermann...illustrated with co Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & Co., 1908. ENG url p. 467, p. 548.
• American food and game fishes: a popular account of all the species found in America north of the Equator, with keys for ready identification, life histories and methods of capture / by David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann; illustrated with col New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1902. ENG url p. 467.
• An ecological study of southern Wisconsin fishes; the brook silversides (Labidesthes sicculus) and the cisco (Leucichthys artedi) in their relations to the region, with 16 plates and 27 tables, by Alvin Robert Cahn. [Urbana, Ill., The University of Illinois, c1927] ENG url p. 149, p. 59.
• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 199.
• Animal Ecology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1961. ENG url p. 454.
• Animal communities in temperate America: as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology / by Victor E. Shelford Chicago, Ill.: Published for the Geographic Society of Chicago by the University of Chicago Press, [c1937] ENG url p. 355.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. ENG url p. 34.
• Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended Washington: G.P.O., 1914- ENG url p. 1060, p. 1061, p. 194, p. 198, p. 227, p. 25, p. 276, p. 327, p. 34, p. 345, p. 351, p. 352, p. 367, p. 432, p. 44, p. 458, p. 492, p. 53, p. 533, p. 535, p. 544, p. 552, p. 557, p. 617, p. 630, p. 686, p. 7, p. 8, p. 8, p. 9.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada.
• Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements and Victor E. Shelford New York, J. Wiley & Sons, inc.;1939. ENG url p. 300, p. 306.
• Breviora. Cambridge, Mass., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. ENG url p. 16.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 1484.
• Bulletin / University of Montana. Missoula: University of Montana, 1901-1910. ENG url p. 5.
• Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bloomington, Ill.: The Laboratory, ENG url p. 136, p. 511, p. 512, p. 513, p. 516, p. 517, p. 519, p. 524, p. 531.
• Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. Washington, The Commission, Govt. Print. Off. ENG url p. 120, p. 156, p. 333, p. 335, p. 77, p. 90.
• Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of tropical and south temperate America / by C.H. Eigenmann. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1910. ENG url p. 467.
• Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Gulf of Mexico estuaries / project team, David M. Nelson (editor) [et al.]. Rockville, Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, [1992]-[1997] ENG url p. 35.
• Ecological animal geography; an authorized, rewritten edition based on Tiergeographie auf ockologischer grundlage / by Richard Hesse prepared by W. C. Allee and Karl P. Schmidt New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1937. ENG url p. 130, p. 559.
• Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, USA. 2905. ISBN: 0-940228-47-5.
• Field book of giant fishes, by J. R. Norman and F. C. Fraser. With 8 plates in full color and over 100 drawings by W. P. C. Tenison. New York, G. P. Putnam[1949] ENG url p. 132, p. 350.
• Fishery bulletin / U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, D.C.: The Service: ENG url p. 197, p. 930.
• Fishery bulletin of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, The Service, U.S. Govt Print. Off. ENG url p. 266, p. 415, p. 490, p. 687, p. 688, p. 9.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. ENG url p. 104, p. 16, p. 17, p. 4, p. 53, p. 7, p. 8.
• Fishes in Kansas / Frank B. Cross, Joseph T. Collins; foreword by John E. Hayes, Jr. Lawrence: University of Kansas Natural History Museum, 1995. ENG url p. 244, p. 307.
• Frimodt, C. (1995). Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p.
• How to collect shells, a symposium. Marinette, Wis.]1961. ENG url p. 42.
• Hugg, D.O. (1996). MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA.
• IGFA (2001). Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
• Illinois biological monographs. Urbana, Univ. of Illinois Press. ENG url p. 339.
• Index to volume I, numbers 1 to 17. Chicago: Field Columbian Museum, 1900. ENG url p. 315.
• International Game Fish Association (1991). World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA.
• International review of the science and practice of agriculture. Rome: International Institute of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Intelligence and Plant Diseases, 1916-1926. ENG url p. 1807.
• Journal of shellfish research. [S.l.: National Shellfisheries Association, 1981- url p. 1362, p. 197, p. 371.
• Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Cincinnati: The Society, 1878/79 [i.e. 1878 or 1879]-1945. ENG url p. 80.
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. ENG url p. 355, p. 356.
• Management of artificial lakes and ponds. New York, Reinhold Pub. Corp.[1962] ENG url p. 268.
• Marine products of commerce; their acquisition, handling, biological aspects, and the science and techology of their preparation and preservation, by Donald K. Tressler and James McW. Lemon in collaboration with Alexander E. Alexander [and others] New York, Book Division, Reinhold, 1951. ENG url p. 296.
• Miscellaneous publication - University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History. Lawrence, University of Kansas, 1946-1996. ENG url p. 116, p. 131, p. 180, p. 217, p. 24, p. 27, p. 324, p. 347.
• Monogenetic trematodes: their systematics and phylogeny / by Boris E. Bychowsky; edited by William J. Hargis, Jr.; translated by Pierre C. Oustinoff. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, c1961. ENG url p. 222, p. 608.
• NOAA technical report NMFS SSRF. Seattle, Wash.: National Marine Fisheries Service; ENG url p. 1, p. 6.
• Name that animal; a guide to the identification of the common land and fresh-water animals of the United States, with special reference to the area east of the Rockies. With drawings by Olive Driver. [Northampton? Mass., 1950] ENG url p. 301.
• Northern fishes: with special reference to the Upper Mississippi Valley / [by] Samuel Eddy and Thaddeus Surber. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, [1947] ENG url p. 247.
• Occasional papers / Tulane University, Museum of Natural History, [Belle Chasse, La.]: The Museum, 1977- ENG url p. 25.
• Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, ENG url p. 15.
• On some collections of fishes made in the Kankakee and Illinois Rivers [by] O. P. Hay. [Chicago, 1896] ENG url p. 97.
• Our living resources: a report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems / [edited by], Edward T. LaRoe [et al.]. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Service, 1995. ENG url p. 495.
• Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr (1991). A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. [Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia] ENG url p. 104, p. 353, p. 50, p. 579, p. 680, p. 85, p. 96.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. [Washington, Biological Society of Washington] ENG url p. 110, p. 121, p. 281, p. 71.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] ENG url p. 10, p. 21, p. 24, p. 588, p. 663.
• Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, Washington Academy of Sciences. ENG url p. 487, p. 52.
• Proceedings of the third USA-USSR symposium on the effects of pollutants upon aquatic ecosystems. Duluth, Minn.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1980. ENG url p. 196.
• Report of the Commissioner - United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Washington, The Commission; U.S. Govt. Print. Off. ENG url p. 216, p. 219, p. 287, p. 341, p. 402, p. 407, p. 436, p. 437, p. 445, p. 477, p. 831.
• Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor for the fiscal year ended Washington: G.P.O., 1906-1914. ENG url p. 9.
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. ENG url p. 567.
• Special scientific report. Seattle, National Marine Fisheries Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1971. ENG url p. 14, p. 15, p. 17, p. 27, p. 3, p. 34, p. 34, p. 39, p. 4, p. 48, p. 5, p. 6.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, ENG url p. 181.
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• The Nautilus. [Melbourne, Fla., etc., American Malacologists, inc., etc.] ENG url p. 20.
• The Trematoda of British fishes. London, Sold by B. Quaritch, 1947. ENG url p. 12, p. 331.
• The ecology of delta marshes of coastal Louisiana: a community profile / by James G. Gosselink. Washington, DC: National Coastal Ecosystems Team, Division of Biological Services, Research Development, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior: 1984. ENG url p. 125.
• The fishes of Illinois / Stephen Alfred Forbes and Robert Earl Richardson. [Springfield, Ill.]Published by authority of the State of Illinois, 1920. ENG url p. 323, p. 323.
• The fishes of Illinois / by Stephen Alfred Forbes and Robert Earl Richardson. Danville, Ill.: State Laboratory of Natural History, 1908. ENG url p. 323, p. 323.
• The fresh-water fishes of Mexico north of the isthmus of Tehuantepec. Chicago, 1904. ENG url p. 202, p. 203, p. 238.
• The genera of fishes A contribution to the stability of scientific nomenclature. By David Starr Jordan. Stanford University, Calif., The University, 1917-1920. ENG url p. 110, p. 110, p. 304, p. 304, p. 386.
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Notes

Contributors

• American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 4, 2006.
• FishBase
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 12 providers.
• Lyons, John. WiscFish.org University of Wisconsin, Center for Limnology, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin Sea Grant. Provided photos, physical description, and table comparing similar species.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:

• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
• FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• GBIF-Sweden: Fishes (NRM)
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection (OBIS Canada)
• Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Database
• Museum national d'histoire naturelle: Ichtyologie
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University: MCZ Fish Collection
• Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
• Senckenberg: Collection Pisces
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Fish Collection
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM: CNPE/Coleccion Nacional de Peces
• University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center: Fish Collection
• University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History: Fish specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2487282
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-29658
• Fishbase Species ID: 3577
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 169364
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCQH01010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 15792

Footnotes

1. Wheeler, A. (1977). Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. [back]

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