Anthocharis lanceolata

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Pieridae

'The Pieridae are members of the Superfamily Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Worldwide in distribution, most species are found in the tropics. Adults have medium to small wings that are white, yellow, or orange, with some black or red, and many have hidden ultraviolet patterns that are used in courtship . Species with more than one generation usually have distinct seasonal variation in appearance . Adults of all species visit flowers for nectar, and adults of both sexes have three pairs of walking legs . Males patrol in search of receptive mates, and females lay columnar eggs on leaves, buds, and stems. The majority of caterpillars of North American whites and sulphurs feed on legumes or crucifers (members of the Mustard family ). Typically, temperate species overwinter in the pupal or larval stage , while tropical species overwinter as adults.

'[1]

Subfamily Pierinae

Whites, marbles, and orangetips are members of the Family Pieridae. In North America, 31 species are included . Adults of most species are predominantly white above with some black pattern elements , and their hindwings often have a pattern of yellow and black scales that appear green. Sexes of most species are only slightly dimorphic , though male orangetips have bright orange wingtips. Nearly all adults are avid flower visitors. The males of almost all North American species patrol open, sunny habitats for females, although males of some tropical whites (e.g. Mexican Dartwhite) perch along ravines . Caterpillars of most western whites feed on mustards, though some use capers and others, pineneedles. All species overwinter in the chrysalis stage, and some orangetips and marbles may pass several unfavorable years in the chrysalis stage before hatching .[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Rocky canyons , draws , forest openings.

Biology

Diet

Caterpillar hosts: Rock cress (Arabis species) and other mustard family (Brassicaceae) plants . Adult food: Flower nectar including rock cress.

Reproduction

Males patrol in valleys or draws for females. Females lay eggs singly on host plant flowers and leaves; caterpillars prefer to feed on flowers and fruits. Chrysalids hibernate.

Behavior

Flight: One flight from March-June.

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: LT ([f], Lorquin leg .)

Last scrutiny: 08-Feb-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Anthocharis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species and subspecies in this genus:

A. belia (Morocco Orange Tip) · A. belia belia (Morocco Orange Tip) · A. cardamines (Orange Tip) · A. cardamines cardamines (Orange Tip) · A. cethura (Desert Orangetip) · A. cethura catalina (Catalina Orange Tip) · A. cethura cethura (Felder's Orange Tip) · A. damone (Eastern Orange Tip) · A. euphenoides (Provence Orange-Tip) · A. julia (Southern Rocky Mountain Orangetip) · A. lanceolata (Gray Marble) · A. lanceolata desertolimbus (Gray Marble) · A. midea (Falcate Orangetip) · A. midea annickae (Falcate Orangetip) · A. sara (Pacific Orangetip) · A. sara alaskensis (Alaskan Orange Tip) · A. stella (Stella Orangetip) · A. stella browningi (Browning's Orange Tip) · A. thoosa (Southwestern Orangetip)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A manual of North American butterflies by Charles J. Maynard. Boston: De Wolfe, Fiske, 1891. url .
• Bibliographical catalogue of the described tranformations of North American Lepidoptera by Henry Edwards. Washington: G.P.O., 1889. url .
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 15.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1902-1971. url p. 32, p. 4, p. 52.
• Catalogue of Papilionidae & Pieridae (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) / Charles A. Bridges. Urbana, Ill: C.A. Bridges, 1988. url p. 81.
• Entomological news, and proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia[Entomological Rooms of the Academy of Natural Sciences] url , , , , , , , p. 138, p. 279.
• Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, url p. 8.
• The Canadian entomologist. Ottawa [etc.]Entomological Society of Canada [etc.] url p. 100, p. 100.
• The Entomologist's monthly magazine. Oxford [etc.]Entomologist's Monthly Magazine Ltd. [etc.] url p. 263.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society of London. London: Academic Press [etc.], 1865-1968. url p. 471.
• The butterflies of North America, by William H. Edwards, series 1st-3d. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1884-88 [v. 1, 1888] url .
• The butterflies of North America; third series William H. Edwards. Boston;Houghton, Mifflin, 1897. url .

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• GloBIS (GART): Global Butterfly Information System. Release date: November 23, 2008
• LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
• Opler, Paul A., Harry Pavulaan, Ray E. Stanford, Michael Pogue, coordinators. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Mountain Prairie Information Node. March 26, 2007.
• Opler, Paul A., Kelly Lotts, and Thomas Naberhaus, coordinators. 2009. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Big Sky Institute. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/ (Version of April 17, 2009).
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2631167
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Gar-1012
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: IILEPA6060
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 172643

Footnotes

1. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=15&sci=Pieridae&com=Whites and Sulphurs [back]
2. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Creusa&search=Search [back]

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