Anguilla rostrata

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Anguillidae

Usually catadromous fishes in tropical and temperate waters , except eastern Pacific and south Atlantic. Eellike body with minute or embedded scales . Well developed pectorals but no pelvic fins; dorsal and caudal fin confluent with anal fin. All species are important food fishes and are sold fresh, smoked, or canned. Important aquaculture species based on captured juveniles (elvers ); widely introduced . All spend their juvenile and adult live in freshwater , returning to the ocean to spawn and die. The leptocephalus larvae are marine . There is some doubt as to the validity of some of the fifteen species currently recognized.The family Anguillidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the Order Anguilliformes. It contains 1 genus and 15 species. It may be found in Marine, Brackish , and Freshwater environments and is primarily Marine. Members of this family are not used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are nonguarders. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is anguilliform . Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the upper Miocene epoch of the Tertiary period. This family may be found from 70° n to 48° s and 107° w to 178° e. Etymology of this family name : Latin, anguilla, ae = eel

Physical Description

Habitat

Occurs usually in permanent streams with continuous flow . Hides during the day in undercut banks and in deep pools near logs and boulders .

Typically found in water with a depth of -5,570 to 0 meters (-18,274 to 0 feet).[2]

Biome: Fresh water , brackish water, saltwater . Demersal .

Biology

Diet

Feeds on larvae of Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera, and Lepidoptera, as well as gastropods , oligochaetes, amphipods , isopods , mysids , and fish from the families Percidae, Cyprinidae, Ictaluridae, Catostomidae and Anguillidae[3].

Reproduction

After hatching the larvae are transparent and shaped like a willow leaf. They then metamorphose into a more recognizably eel-like juvenile form called glass eels .[1]

After migration they become pigmented . These eels are known as elvers . Its European cousin takes about three years to do this. Elvers reach our coastline when they are about two inches long, a year after hatching. Males seem to remain fairly close to the mainland, while females travel far inland when they are about two inches long, a year after hatching.[1]

Now in their yellow eel phase , the American eels will remain in the brackish and fresh waters of rivers for a few years.[1]

Before beginning its life-ending migrations, American eels turn to a blackish-bronze color, their eyes enlarge, they fatten and develop a thicker skin and their digestive tract degenerates . They are then silver eels - the last stage of their lives.[1]

Migration

Catadromous .[4]. Migrates in autumn to the Sargasso Sea to spawn [5].

Sound types : clucks, clicks, squeak, thumps. Sound organ: swim bladder, pneumatic duct , possibly teeth.

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Amphiodon alosoides (Rafinesque, 1819)
2. Clupea alosoides Rafinesque, 1819
3. Elattonistius chrysopsis (Richardson, 1836)
4. Hiodon chrysopsis Richardson, 1836
5. Hiodon clodalis Lesueur, 1818
6. Hyodon alosoides (Rafinesque, 1819)
7. Hyodon chrysopsis Richardson, 1836
8. Muraena rostrata Lesueur, 1817

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Data last modified by FishBase 08-Mar-1994.

Similar Species

Fish Name Body Shape Mouth/Teeth Pectoral Fin Gills Scales Similarity Index American Brook Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar American Eel elongated, flexible, snake-like Terminal mouth with teeth in jaws Present Single small gill slit Small, inconspicuous, embedded scales N/A Chestnut Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar Northern Brook Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar Sea Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar Silver Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar Southern Brook Lamprey elongated, but not snake-like Sucking disk or flexible filtering "hood" instead of jaws Absent Seven conspicuous circular gill openings No scales Slightly similar

Members of the genus Anguilla

There are approximately 127 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. acutirostris · A. altirostris · A. amblodon · A. amboinensis · A. anacamptoentera · A. aneitensis · A. anguilla (European Freshwater Eel) · A. anguilla macrocephala · A. anguilla ornithorhyncha · A. anguilla oxycephala · A. anguilla rostrata (Freshwater Eel) · A. angustidens · A. arracana · A. aterrima · A. aucklandii · A. australis (Australian Short-Finned Eel) · A. australis australis (Australian Short-Finned Eel) · A. australis occidentalis · A. australis schmidti · A. australis schmidtii · A. avisotis · A. bengalensis (African Mottled Eel) · A. bengalensis bengalensis (Indian Longfin Eel) · A. bengalensis labiata (African Mottled Eel) · A. bicolor (Indonesian Shortfin Eel) · A. bicolor bicolor (Indian Short-Finned Eel) · A. bicolor pacifica (Indian Short-Finned Eel) · A. blephura · A. borneensis · A. bostoniensis · A. breviceps · A. brevirostris · A. caeca · A. callensis · A. canariensis · A. cantori · A. capensis · A. capitone · A. celebesensis (Indonesian Mottled Eel) · A. chrisypa · A. chryspa · A. chrysypa · A. clathrata · A. cloacina · A. conger · A. cubana · A. cuvieri · A. delalandi · A. delalandii · A. dieffenbachii (New Zealand Longfin Eel) · A. elphinstonei · A. eurystoma · A. fasciata · A. fidjiensis · A. anguilla · A. guttata · A. hibernica · A. hildebrandti · A. interioris (Highlands Long-Finned Eel) · A. japonica (Freshwater Eel) · A. japonicus · A. johannae · A. kieneri · A. labiata · A. labrosa · A. laticauda · A. latirostris · A. leptocephali · A. lutea · A. macrophthalma · A. macrops · A. macroptera · A. malabarica · A. malgumora (Indonesian Longfinned Eel) · A. manabei · A. marginata · A. marginipinnis · A. anguilla · A. marmorata (Madagascar Mottled Eel) · A. bicolor subsp. bicolor · A. mediorostris · A. megastoma (Polynesian Longfinned Eel) · A. melanochir · A. microptera · A. migratoria · A. moa · A. morena · A. mossambica (African Longfin Eel) · A. mossambicus · A. mowa · A. myriaster · A. nebulosa (African Mottled Eel) · A. nebulosa elver · A. nebulosa labiata · A. nebulosa nebulosa (African Mottled Eel) · A. nigricans · A. nilotica · A. novaeterrae · A. oblongirostris · A. obscura (Pacific Shortfinned Freshwater Eel)

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• FishBase 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 19, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• New Mexico Wildlife. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Version of April 24, 2009.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 09, 2007:

• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
• Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Fish Collection
• FishBase, FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Atlantic Reference Centre
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Bay of Fundy Species List
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Canadian Museum of Nature - Fish Collection
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, ECNASAP - East Coast North America Strategic Assessment
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Electronic Atlas of Ichthyoplankton on the Scotian Shelf of North America
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, NOAA HML Tidal Creek Database
• Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History - Marine Birds, Mammals, and Fishes
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Vertebrate specimens
• Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Ichtyologie
• Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MCZ Fish Collection
• Royal Ontario Museum, Fish specimens
• Senckenberg, Collection Pisces
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Fishes
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM, CNPE/Coleccion Nacional de Peces
• University of Kansas Biodiversity Research Center, Fish Collection
• University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History, Fish specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2535051
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-22845
• Fishbase Species ID: 296
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13810083
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 161127
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AFCEA01010
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 15649

Footnotes

1. New Mexico Wildlife. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Version of April 24, 2009. [back]
2. Mean = -396.450 meters (-1,300.689 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,289.210 based on 1,460 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
3. Lookabaugh, P. S. and P. L. Angermeier (1992). Diel patterns of American eel, Anguill rostrata, in the James River Drainage, Virginia. J. Freshwat. Ecol. 7(4):425-431. [back]
4. Smith, C.L. (1997). National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. [back]
5. Wenner, C.A. (1978). Anguillidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. [back]

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