Anarhynchus frontalis

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of 855 meters (2,806 feet).[1]

Ecology: It breeds on braided riverbeds, and frequents sheltered estuaries and coasts over the non-breeding season . Nests are built within 250 m of running water , and are usually hollows in bare shingle, lined with more than 100 small pebbles2,6. It lays two eggs . Young usually begin to breed at two or three years of age6. Mark-recapture of almost 2,400 birds indicates that many live past 10 years of age1, the average adult life expectancy is c.5.4 years4. Diet comprises mostly mayflies and caddisflies, but is more general when rivers are in flood5.

[2].

List of Habitats :

•     5     Wetlands (inland)   
  
•     5.1     Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls )   
  
•     12     Marine Intertidal   
  
•     12.4     Marine Intertidal - Mud Flats and Salt Flats   
  
•     13     Marine Coastal/Supratidal   
  
•     13.4     Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Similar Species

Members of the genus Anarhynchus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1 species and subspecies in this genus:

A. frontalis (Wry-Bill)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A dictionary of birds, London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. url p. 1053, p. 35.
• A dictionary of birds, by Alfred Newton, assisted by Hans Gadow, with contributions from Richard Lydekker. .. Charles S. Roy. .. and Robert W. Shufeldt. .. London, A. and C. Black, 1893-1896. url p. 35, p. 35.
• A history of the birds of New Zealand / London: John Van Voorst, 1873. url .
• A list of the genera of birds: with their synonyma and an indication of the typical species of each genus / by George Robert Gray. London: Printed and sold by R. and J.E. Taylor, 1841. url p. 85.
• Animal life and the world of nature: a magazine of natural history throughout the world. London: Hutchinson, 1902-1904. url p. 145.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 601.
• Birds / by A.H. Evans. London: Macmillan, 1899 (1909 printing). url p. 590.
• Birds of the world; a popular account. With a chapter on the anatomy of birds, by Frederic A. Lucas; the whole edited by Robert Ridgway. New York, Holt, 1909. url p. 357, p. 849.
• Birds: the elements of ornithology. London, R. H. Porter[1892] url .
• British birds. London, Witherby & Co. url p. 317, p. 317.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 118 1958 Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url p. 53, p. 96.
• Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories / Department of the Interior. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1874- url p. 837, p. 838, p. 839.
• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 913.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 913.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 306, p. 750.
• Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum / By E. W. Oates [and afterwards] by S. G. Reid [and] W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. London, 1901-12. url p. 31, p. 351.
• Catalogue of the birds of New Zealand with diagnoses of the species. By Frederick Wollaston Hutton. Wellington, N.Z., J. Hughes, printer, 1871. url p. 25.
• Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British museum (Natural history). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1901-12. url p. 31, p. 351.
• Catalogue of the genera and subgenera of birds contained in the British Museum. London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 1855. url p. 112.
• Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-1987. url p. 257.
• Game, shore, and water birds of India, with additional references to their allied species in other parts of the world. London, W. Thacker, 1904. url .
• Geographical distribution of animals: with a study of the relations of living and extinct faunas as elucidating the past changes of the earth's surface. London, Macmillan, 1876. url p. 455.
• Guide to the gallery of birds in the Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History) LondonPrinted by order of the Trustees[1921] url p. 52.
• Handbuch der Biologie der Wirbeltiere. Von Dr. M. Hilzheimer. unter Mitwirkung von Dr. Phil. O. Haempel. mikt 599 Textabbildungen. vii, 756 p.illus (part col.)26 cm. url p. 498.
• Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url , , p. 1, p. 118, p. 234, p. 243, p. 254, p. 304, p. 309, p. 393, p. 399, p. 40, p. 461, p. 474, p. 485, p. 497, p. 50, p. 519, p. 523, p. 585, p. 667, p. 683, p. 82, p. 92.
• Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and Lower California Boston, Estes and Lauriat, 1896. url , , p. 597, p. 832.
• Key to North American birds; containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary. Illustrated by 6 steel plates and upwards o New York, Dodd and Mead; [etc., etc., ]1872. url .
• Manual of the birds of New Zealand. By Walter L. Buller. .. Wellington, N.Z., G. Didsbury, government printer, 1882. url p. 49.
• Nature. London, etc., Macmillan Journals Ltd., etc. url p. 365.
• Notes on the breeding habits of New Zealand birds / Wellington: J. Hughes, printer, [1869] url p. 29.
• Ornithological bibliography. [Washington: Geological Survey [etc.], 1878-1880. url p. 837, p. 838, p. 839.
• Proceedings of the International Ornithological Congress. [Canberra, etc.]Australian Academy of Science [etc.] url p. 206, p. 213, p. 216.
• Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Glasgow. Glasgow, Natural History Society of Glasgow. url p. 235.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 479.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 34.
• The Cambridge natural history / edited by S. F. Harmer and A. E. Shipley. London: Macmillan and Co.; 1895-1909. url p. 590.
• The Cambridge natural history, London, Macmillan and Co., Limited;1895-1909 url .
• The Cambridge natural history, ed. by S.F. Harmer. .. and A.E. Shipley. .. London, Macmillan and co., limited;1895-1909 url p. 274, p. 590.
• The Ibis. [London]: Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url p. 667, p. 683.
• The Riverside natural history. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company[c1888] url p. 101.
• The animals of New Zealand; an account of the dominion's air-breathing vertebrates, by Captain F.W. Hutton and James Drummond. Christchurch, N. Z., Whitcombe and Tombs, 1909. url p. 11, p. 395, p. 403.
• The birds of India: being a natural history of all the birds known to inhabit continental India, with descriptions of the species, genera, families, tribes, and orders, and a brief notice of such families as are not foun Calcutta: Printed for the Author by the Military Orphan Press. .., 1862-1864. url p. 643.
• The geographical distribution of animals: with a study of the relations of living and extinct faunas as elucidating the past changes of the earth's surface / by Alfred Russel Wallace; in two volumes; with maps and illustrations. New York: Harper and Brothers, Publishers, 1876. url p. 455.
• The standard natural history. Ed. by John Sterling Kingsley. Boston, S.E. Cassino and company, 1884-85. url p. 101.
• The zoology of the voyage of the H.M.S. Erebus & Terror, under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, during the years 1839 to 1843. By authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. Edited by John Richardson and John Edward Gray. 1 London, E. W. Janson, 1844-1875. url p. 12, p. 29.
• Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 6 1873 Wellington: New Zealand Institute. url p. 134, p. 134, p. 139, p. 150, p. 171, p. 197, p. 236, p. 236, p. 363, p. 68, p. 93.
• Wild life of the world: a descriptive survey of the geographical distribution of animals / London; F. Warne and co., 1916. url p. 395, p. 418.
• Zoologist. London.1843-1916 url p. 3052, p. 4484, p. 9, p. 9.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2006. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2008. Anarhynchus frontalis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 05, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 05, 2008:

• OZCAM (Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums) Provider: Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8256
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-176551
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14581696
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 176551
• IUCN ID: 190900
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2052

Footnotes

1. Standard Deviation = 1,175.180 based on 10,824 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. BirdLife International 2008. Anarhynchus frontalis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 January 2012. ... [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.