Overview
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Threatened |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Dusky Roadside-Skipper
Description
Family Hesperiidae
'The Hesperiidae are members
of the Superfamily
Hesperioidea. Worldwide in distribution, skippers are richest in the tropics. More than 3,500 species are described, with approximately 275 in North America, many of which are found only in Arizona and Texas. Most skippers are small to medium, usually orange, brown, black, white, or gray. A few have iridescent
colors. Skippers have large eyes, short antennae (often with hooked
clubs), stout bodies, and three pairs of walking legs
. Their flight is often rapid, making wing
movement appear blurred. Adults
of most species have long probicscises and feed
on floral
nectar, but some also take up nutrients
from bird droppings. Males have scent scales
found in modified forewing
patches. Males of most species locate mates by perching
(grass
and giant-skippers), though some patrol, especially in the open-winged skippers. Globular
eggs
are laid singly.
'[1]
Subfamily Hesperiinae
The grass skippers are members of the Family Hesperiidae. Distributed worldwide, they comprise more than 2,000 species, most of which are found in the American tropics. The small to medium-sized adults usually have abruptly angled antennae with an apiculus at the tip . Adults of many temperate species are predominantly orange, while brown is the most common color of the tropical species. Male forewings usually have a brand or stigma with specialized scales . Most species have long proboscises and are avid flower-visitors. Adults flight is rapid, and perching posture is unique: the hindwings are opened at a wider angle than the forewings. Males of most species perch while looking for mates. Caterpillars feed on monocotyledons (grasses and allied plants ) and live in silken leaf nests that sometimes extend underground. Grass skippers typically overwinter as caterpillars within their shelters .[2]
Physical Description
Species Amblyscirtes alternata
Fringes are white with small black checks; forewing is pointed . Upperside is black-brown; forewing has a faint row of pale spots. Underside of hindwing has a dusting of dull gray. (ref. 105127)
Color:
Fringes are white with small black checks; forewing is pointed . Upperside is black-brown; forewing has a faint row of pale spots. Underside of hindwing has a dusting of dull gray.
Size/Age/Growth
Wing span : 7/8 - 1 inch (2.2 - 2.5 cm).
Habitat
Open pine woods
.
This skipper shows a strong
affinity in NC to longleaf pine forests
,
both xeric places and wetlands. Habitats
include dry longleaf pine/turkey
oak sandhills
, flatwoods, and drier savannas
. As with other Amblyscirtes,
it frequently perches
on dirt or other bare ground
. (ref. 104610)
Biome: Terrestrial
Biology
Diet
The foodplants have apparently not been reported, but we can assume
that various grasses, but not cane
, are used; these species are also
assumed to grow in longleaf pine associated places, at least in NC.
The species nectars infrequently; it is more often seen on the ground
than on flowers. (ref. 104610)
Caterpillar hosts: Not reported. (ref. 105127)
Adult
food: Flower nectar. (ref. 105127)
Behavior
Flight: Two broods from March-August in most of the range
; perhaps
three broods as late as November in Florida, the Gulf
states, and
Texas.
Flight period: Two, if not three, broods; in VA, dates range from
April 26 to June 5, and July 15 to August 15 (Opler and Krizek 1984).
Dates in NC span early April to mid-June, and early August to mid-September.
More data
are needed to clarify the broods, but it may be that there
is a small brood in late May and June (rather than one "long"
brood from early April to mid-June). (ref. 104610)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
)
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
)
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
)
- A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
)
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
)
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
)
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
)
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
)
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
)
- Class:
Insecta
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Insects
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
)
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
)
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
)
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
)
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
)
- Family:
Hesperiidae
(
)
- Latreille, 1809
- Skippers
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
)
- Grass Skippers
- Genus:
Amblyscirtes
(
)
- Scudder, 1872
- Specific name:
alternata
- (Grote & Robinson, 1867)
- Scientific name: - Amblyscirtes alternata (Grote & Robinson, 1867)
- Specific name:
alternata
- (Grote & Robinson, 1867)
- Genus:
Amblyscirtes
(
- Subfamily:
Hesperiinae
(
- Family:
Hesperiidae
(
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Class:
Insecta
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Similar Species
Members of the genus Amblyscirtes
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 22 species and subspecies in this genus:
A. aenus (Bronze Roadside-Skipper) · A. aesculapius (Lace-Winged Roadside-Skipper) · A. alternata (Dusky Roadside-Skipper) · A. belli (Bell's Roadside-Skipper) · A. carolina (Carolina Roadside) · A. cassus (Cassus Roadside-Skipper) · A. celia (Celia's Roadside) · A. elissa (Elissa Roadside) · A. eos (Dotted Roadside-Skipper) · A. exoteria (Large Roadside) · A. fimbriata (Orange-Edged Roadside-Skipper) · A. hegon (Pepper and Salt Skipper) · A. linda (Linda's Roadside-Skipper) · A. nereus (Slaty Roadside-Skipper) · A. nysa (Nysa Roadside-Skipper) · A. oslari (Oslar's Roadside-Skipper) · A. phylace (Orange-Headed Roadside-Skipper) · A. reversa (Reversed Roadside) · A. simius (Simius Roadside-Skipper) · A. texanae (Texas Roadside-Skipper) · A. tolteca (Prenda Roadside-Skipper) · A. vialis (Common Roadside-Skipper)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Society, url p. 180.
- Entomological news, and proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia[Entomological Rooms of the Academy of Natural Sciences] url p. 250.
- Entomological news. [Philadelphia]American Entomological Society, 1925- url p. 93.
- Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 231, p. 91.
- Studies in natural history. Iowa City, Ia. url p. 101.
- The Hesperioidea of America north of Mexico; a generic revision and synopsis of the species, by Arthur Ward Lindsey, Ph.D. Iowa City, The University, [1921] url p. 101.
- The Lepidopterists' news: the monthly newsletter of the Lepidopterists' Society. Cambridge, Mass.: Lepidopterists' Society, 1947-1958. url p. 62, p. 93.
- Tulane studies in zoology. 6 1958 New Orleans: Tulane University, 1953-1968. url p. 71, p. 99.
- University of Iowa studies in natural history. Iowa City, Iowa: The University, 1918-1948. url .
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2602344
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 16229927
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: IILEP80210
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 172645
