Overview
Family : Filefishes ; Occasionally in shallow water by steep drop-offs . Solitary or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects[1].
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Afrikaans:
Eenhoring-Leerbaadjie
Common Names in Agutaynen:
Panisan
Common Names in Bikol:
Hagupit, Sulay Bagyo, Sulaybagyo
Common Names in Cebuano:
Sagoksok
Common Names in Chavacano:
Peteg
Common Names in Danish:
Enhjørning-Filfisk, Enhjrning-Filfisk
Common Names in Davawenyo:
Sagoksok, Sagugsok
Common Names in English:
Batfish, Chivo, Filefish, Leatherjacket, Rough Leatherjacket, Triggerfish, Unicorn Fiiefish, Unicorn Filefish, Unicorn Leather Jacket, Unicorn Leatherjacket, Unicorn Leatherjacket Filefish, Unicornfilefish
Common Names in French:
Bourse De Sable, Bourse Loulou
Common Names in Hiligaynon:
Pakol, Solay Bagyo, Sulay-Bagyo, Wasay-Wasay
Common Names in Ilokano:
Ampapaquet
Common Names in Japanese:
Usuba-Hagi, Usubahagi
Common Names in Kagayanen:
Sagoksok
Common Names in Korean:
Kaek-Chu-Ri
Common Names in Malay:
Barat-Barat, Kerosok Padi
Common Names in Mandarin Chi:
Dan Jiao G Tn, G Tn
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
一角剝, 光復魚, 剝皮魚, 單角革單棘魨, 單角革魨, 狄仔魚(興達), 薄葉剝, 狄仔魚(興達), 狄仔鱼(兴达), Dan Jiao Gé Tún, Dan Jiao G Tn, Dān Jiǎo Gé Tún, 薄葉剝, 薄叶剥, Gé Tún, G Tn, 光复鱼, 光復魚, 剝皮魚, 剥皮鱼, 单角革鲀, 单角革单棘鲀, 單角革魨, 單角革單棘魨, 一角剝, 一角剥
Common Names in Maranao/Samal/Tao Su:
Pitig
Common Names in Pangasinan:
Ampapaquet, Borles
Common Names in Persian:
Takshakh-Mahi-E-Khakestari
Common Names in Portuguese:
Cngulo, Cangulo-Comum, Cângulo, Gudunho, Peixe Porco, Peixe-Porco, Perua, Pir-Ac, Pirá-Acá, Porco Liso
Common Names in Somali:
Kiin-Koy
Common Names in Spanish:
Cachúa, Cachúa Perra, Chivo, Dormilona, Lija Barbuda, Pez Lija, Pez Lima, Puerco De Altura, Puerco Unicornio, Unicornio
Common Names in Surigaonon:
Sagok-Sok
Common Names in Swahili:
Kikande
Common Names in Tagalog:
Pakol, Papakol, Sulay Bagyo, Tiwarik
Common Names in Vietnamese:
C B M?t Gai Lung, Cá Bò M?t Gai Lung, Cá Bò Một Gai Lưng
Common Names in Waray-waray:
Mawod-Pawod, Pakol, Panitan, Sulay Bagyo
Description
Family Monacanthidae
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Usually two dorsal spines; the second is usually much smaller and it may be absent. Upper jaw usually with three teeth in outer and two in the inner series on each premaxillary , developed for nibbling; 19-31 vertebrae . Alutera scripta reaches 1 m maximum length . Most species feed on a wide variety of benthic invertebrates , but some specialize on corals or zooplankton . Filefishes lay demersal eggs in a site prepared and guarded by the male or both parents. Some of the subtropical species release eggs in open water .The family Monacanthidae belongs to the Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes ) and the Order Tetraodontiformes. It contains 31 genera and 95 species. It may be found in Marine environments and is primarily Marine. Some members of this family are used in the aquarium trade. Reproductively, most members of this family are mixed. The main mode of swimming of adult fish in this family is balistiform. Compared with other fish, the activity level of this family tends to be normal. Members of this family have been dated back to the Pliocene epoch of the Tertiary period. Etymology of this family name : Greek, monos = only + Greek, akantha = thorn
Physical Description
Species Aluterus monoceros
Males are commonly 40 cm (Total Length) in length when caught/marketed, but may be as large as 76 cm (Total Length).
Habitat
May be found at depths of 1 to 50 meters.
Typically found in water with a depth of 0 to -5,366 meters (0 to -17,605 feet).[2]
Biome: Saltwater . Reef-associated .
Biology
Diet
Feeds on benthic organisms [3].
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- Auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Bony Fishes
- Class:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Bony Fishes
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
()
- Ray-Finned Fishes
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
()
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
()
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
()
- Order:
Tetraodontiformes
()
- Suborder:
Balistoidei
()
- Family:
Monacanthidae
()
- Filefishes
- Genus:
Aluterus
()
- Hollard, 1855
- Specific name:
monoceros
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Scientific name: - Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Specific name:
monoceros
- (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Genus:
Aluterus
(
- Family:
Monacanthidae
(
- Suborder:
Balistoidei
(
- Order:
Tetraodontiformes
(
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Aluetera monocerus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Alutarius amphacanthoides Bleeker, 1852
- Alutarius macracanthus Bleeker, 1852
- Alutera cinerea Temminck & Schlegel, 1850
- Alutera guntheriana Poey, 1863
- Alutera monocera (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Alutera monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Aluteres berardi Lesson, 1831
- Aluterus anginosus Hollard, 1855
- Balistes monoceros Linnaeus, 1758
- Balistes serraticornis Frminville, 1813
- Monacanthus anginosus Hollard, 1853
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Aluterus
There are approximately 19 species in this genus:
A. anginosus · A. convexifrons · A. cultrifrons · A. heudeloti (Dotterel Filefish) · A. heudelotii (Dotted-Line Blenny) · A. heudelotti · A. holbroocki · A. maculosus · A. monoceros (Unicorn Leatherjacket Filefish) · A. monocerus · A. paragaudatus · A. punctata · A. rhinoceros · A. schoepfi · A. schoepfii (Orange Filefish) · A. scriptus (Scribbled Leatherjacket Filefi) · A. sp · A. velutinus · A. venosus
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Abu Khair Mohammad Mohsin, Mohd. Azmi Ambak and Muhamad Nasir Abdul Salam (1993). Malay, English, and scientific names of the fishes of Malaysia. Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, O
- Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen (1999). Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.
- Bearez, P. (1996). Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741.
- Bussing, W.A. and R.J. Lavenberg (1995). Monacanthidae. Cachúas, lijas. p. 1278-1280. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Cent
- Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez (1992). Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales ma
- Chirichigno, N.F. (1974). Clave para identificar los peces marinos del Peru. Inf. Inst. Mar Perú (44):387 p.
- Claro, R. (1994). Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
- Claro, Rodolfo, and Lynne R. Parenti / Claro, Rodolfo, Kenyon C. Lindeman, and L. R. Parenti, eds. 2001. Chapter 2: The Marine Ichthyofauna of Cuba. Ecology of the Marine Fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC, USA. 21-57. ISBN: 1-56098-985-8.
- Dammann, A.E. (1969). Study of the fisheries potential of the Virgin Islands. Special Report. Contribution No. 1. Virgin Islands Ecological Research Station.
- Duong, T.T. (2001). Mot so loai ca thuong gap o bien Viet Nam (Viet Nam's Common Marine Fishes Catalogue). Ministry of Fisheries of Viet Nam - Fisheries Information Center of Viet Nam.
- Edwards, A. (1990). Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
- Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, USA. 2905. ISBN: 0-940228-47-5.
- Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes (2000). Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p.
- Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga (1990). Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salob
- Francis, M. P. (1993). Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170.
- Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. and P.J. Kailola (1984). Trawled fishes of southern Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Australian Development Assistance Bureau, Australia, Directorate General of Fishes, Indonesia, and German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Fe
- Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.C. Quéro (1990). Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.
- Herre, A.W.C.T. (1953). Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv., (20):977 p.
- Hutchins, J.B. (1984). Monacanthidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 3. FAO, Rome. pag. var.
- Hutchins, J.B. (1986). Monacanthidae. p. 882-887. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- IGFA (2001). Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
- Iranian Fisheries Company and Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (2000). Persian Gulf and Oman sea fishes. Poster. Iran.
- Kailola, P.J. (1991). The fishes of Papua New Guinea: a revised and annotated checklist. Vol. III. Gobiidae to Molidae. Research Bulletin No. 41, Research Section, Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Papua New Guinea. 153 p.
- Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah (2002). Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, India.775 p.
- Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae secundum Classes, Ordinus, Genera, Species cum Characteribus, Differentiis Synonymis, Locis. 10th ed., Vol. 1. Holmiae Salvii. 824 p.
- Myers, R.F. (1991). Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
- Myers, R.F. (1999). Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p.
- Ni, I-H and K-Y Kwok (1999). Marine fish fauna in Hong Kong waters. Zool. Stud. 38(2):130-152.
- Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan (1989). New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p.
- Pequeño, G. (1989). Peces de Chile. Lista sistematica revisada y comentada. Rev. Biol. Mar., Valparaiso 24(2):1-132.
- Ramjohn, D.D. (1999). Checklist of coastal and marine fishes of Trinidad and Tobago. Marine Fishery Analysis Unit, Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, Trinidad and Tobago. Fisheries Information Series 8, 151 p.
- Randall, J.E. (1995). Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p.
- Randall, J.E., H. Ida, K. Kato, R.L. Pyle and J.L. Earle (1997). Annotated checklist of inshore fishes of the Ogasawara Islands. Nat. Sci. Mus. Monogr. (11):1-74.
- Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986). A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
- Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. American Fisheries Society. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 174.
- Shao, K.-T., S.-C. Shen, T.-S. Chiu and C.-S. Tzeng (1992). Distribution and database of fishes in Taiwan. p. 173-206. In C.-Y. Peng (ed.) Collections of research studies on 'Survey of Taiwan biological resources and information management'. Institute
- Silva, M. (1994). Especies identificadas en las pesquerias costeras artesanales del Suroeste de la Republica Dominica. p. 01-1 - 01-36. In Reportes del Propescar-Sur: contribuciones al conocimiento de las pesquerías en la República Dominicana. Vol. 1.
- Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers (1996). FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p.
- Tinker, S.W. (1978). Fishes of Hawaii, a handbook of the marine fishes of Hawaii and the Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu. 568 p.
- U Hla Win (1987). Checklist of fishes of Burma. Ministry of Livestock Breeding and Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Burma.
- Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii, Editors (1983). Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 519 p.
Notes
Contributors
- American Fisheries Society. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United states, Canada, and Mexico Sixth Edition. Special Publication 29.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 35 providers.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:
- Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Fish Collection
- FishBase, FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, AIMS - Baited Remote Underwater Video Station
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, CSIRO Marine Data Warehouse
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Marine and Coastal Management - Demersal Surveys
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, REVIZEE South Score / Pelagic and Demersal Fish Database II
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity - Fish Collection
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, iziko South African Museum - Fish Collection
- Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Ichtyologie
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MCZ Fish Collection
- OZCAM
- Provider, Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
- Royal Ontario Museum, Fish specimens
- Senckenberg, Collection Pisces
- University of Washington Burke Museum, University of Washington Fish Collection
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2486680
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-24409
- Fishbase Species ID: 4274
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13838783
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 173133
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 101672
Footnotes
- Bussing, W.A. and R.J. Lavenberg (1995). Monacanthidae. Cachas, lijas. p. 1278-1280. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Cent [back]
- Mean = -252.940 meters (-829.856 feet), Standard Deviation = 720.090 based on 716 observations. Ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
- Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers (1996). FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. [back]
Curator for this page: Barry Hutchins. Date last reviewed: 1899-12-30
